冰黄液对大鼠急性脑出血作用的研究

目的:观察冰黄液对大鼠急性脑出血的治疗作用并探讨其作用的可能机制.方法:应用胶原酶和肝素混合液脑内注射诱导大鼠急性脑出血模型,观察大鼠的神经行为、血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK) 的水平,以及脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)的含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)总活力的变化.结果:与假手术组大鼠相比,脑出血模型组大鼠存在明显的神经行为障碍症状,血清中LDH、CK的含量显著增加,脑组织内MDA含量上升而SOD总活力下降.与安宫牛黄丸处理组相似,冰黄液可显著改善脑出血大鼠神经功能症状,降低血清中LDH、CK及脑组织中MDA含量,并显著提高脑组织内总SOD活力.结论:冰黄液治疗对脑出血急性期大鼠脑组织损伤具有较好的保护作用,并可促进受损神经细胞早期功能缺损恢复,其作用与提高脑出血后脑组织内源性抗氧化酶活性、抗自由基损伤等机制相关.     

扶元补脑冲剂对老年性痴呆鼠脑ATP酶及脂质过氧化反应的影响

目的:研究扶元补脑冲剂(红参、山楂、黄芪、淫羊藿、丹参、泽泻、石菖蒲)对老年性痴呆鼠脑ATP酶活性、自由基含量及脑系数的影响.方法:以三氯化铝痴呆模型小鼠为研究对象,探讨了扶元补脑冲剂对小鼠脑组织的MDA含量、Na -K ATP酶、Mg2 -ATP酶活性、脑系数及血清SOD活性的影响.结果:与模型组比较,扶元补脑冲剂能显著提高小鼠脑Na -K ATP酶、Mg2 -ATP酶及血清SOD的活性以及脑系数,降低脑MDA含量.结论:提示增强脑组织ATP酶的活性及机体抗脂质过氧化可能是扶元补脑冲剂防治老年性痴呆的作用机制之一.     

针灸对脑外伤患者血清中SOD、MDA、LPO水平变化的研究

目的:探讨针灸对急性脑外伤患者血清中的SOD、MDA、LPO水平变化的影响.方法:将54例外伤患者随机分成2组,对照组27例,常规西医治疗;治疗组27例,在常规西医治疗(同对照组)加用针刺疗法.治疗组于伤后第3天进行针灸治疗.在针灸治疗前一天与针灸治疗10天后抽取静脉血5ml,对照组在同一时间(第2天与第13天)抽取静脉血5ml,分测SOD、MDA、LPO的含量进行对照比较.结果:两组病人伤后3天到13天,机体抗拉化酶SOD明显上升,MDA、LPO均明显下降,其中针灸组的MDA、LPO含量的下降值明显低于对照组,P＜0.01,SOD含量的增加值明显高于对照组,P＜0.01.结论:针灸有助于脑外伤的恢复.     

CBN对脑反复缺血再灌注小鼠的保护作用研究

目的:观察CBN对脑缺血再灌注小鼠的保护作用.方法:采用小鼠脑反复缺血再灌注模型,从形态学、SOD活性、MDA含量、ATPase含量等方面观察了CBN对脑保护作用.结果:CBN可显著增加缺血再灌注脑海马区存活锥体细胞数,保护SOD活性,减少MDA的生成,减轻ATP酶活性的降低.结论:CBN对脑反复缺血再灌注小鼠具有脑保护作用.     

鹿茸口服液对抗氧化酶的影响

目的:研究鹿茸口服液对青年及老年小鼠的抗氧化作用.方法:灌服鹿茸口服液后,测定小鼠SOD、CAT和GSHpx活性及MDA含量.结果:鹿茸口服液对老年小鼠SOD活性增强和MDA含量降低作用均明显强于对青年小鼠,并能增强老年小鼠肝CAT和GSHpx活性.结论:鹿茸口服液对老年小鼠具有抗氧化作用.     

CBN对拟缺血再灌注神经细胞损伤的保护作用

目的:观察CBN对拟缺血再灌注神经细胞的保护作用.方法:采用"缺糖-复糖"结合"缺氧-复氧"的方法,在体外用小鼠胎鼠神经细胞模拟"缺血再灌注"损伤,观察了在LDH、SOD活性、MDA含量方面CBN对神经细胞的保护作用.结果:CBN可显著减少拟缺血再灌注神经细胞LDH的释放,保护SOD活性,减少MDA的生成.结论:CBN对拟缺血再灌注样神经细胞具有保护作用.     

Arimoclomol: a potential therapy under development for ALS

Arimoclomol, an amplifier of heat shock protein expression involved in cellular stress response, has emerged as a potential therapeutic candidate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in recent years. Treatment with arimoclomol was reported to improve survival and muscle function in a mouse model of motor neuron disease. Several single- and multiple-dose safety studies have been completed in healthy control subjects. A 3-month Phase IIa study in people with ALS demonstrated safety at dosages up to 300 mg/day and another study is currently recruiting participants with familial ALS caused by mutations in the superoxide dismutase gene. We review the rationale for testing arimoclomol in sporadic and familial ALS in the context of available safety and pharmacokinetic data. Published and unpublished literature relative to the drug in the past two decades is discussed. The current review attempts to bring together our existing understanding of the actions of arimoclomol with the disease profile of ALS. The pharmacological profile of arimoclomol and the available preclinical data make it a promising therapeutic possibility in ALS.     

In vivo diffusion MRI detects early spinal cord axonal pathology in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exhibits contrast that identifies macro‐ and microstructural changes in neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies have shown that MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can observe changes in spinal cord white matter in animals and humans affected with symptomatic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The goal of this preclinical work was to investigate the sensitivity of DTI for the detection of signs of tissue damage before symptoms appear. High‐field MRI data were acquired using a 9.4‐T animal scanner to examine the spinal cord of an ALS mouse model at pre‐ and post‐symptomatic stages (days 80 and 120, respectively). The MRI results were validated using yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) via optical microscopy of spinal cord tissue slices collected from the YFP,G93A‐SOD1 mouse strain. DTI maps of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) signal intensity, mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) were computed for axial slices of the lumbar region of the spinal cord. Significant changes were observed in FA (6.7% decrease, p < 0.01), AD (19.5% decrease, p < 0.01) and RD (16.1% increase, p < 0.001) at postnatal day 80 (P80). These differences were correlated with changes in axonal fluorescence intensity and membrane cellular markers. This study demonstrates the value of DTI as a potential tool to detect the underlying pathological progression associated with ALS, and may accelerate the discovery of therapeutic strategies for patients with this disease.     

复方健耳剂对DBA/2J小鼠耳蜗组织超氧化物歧化酶1表达的影响

目的研究复方健耳剂对小鼠耳蜗组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)1表达的影响,探讨其预防老年性耳蜗感音神经性损害机制。方法选择断奶DBA/2J小鼠10只,随机分为对照组和中药组各5只,对照组小鼠为常规饲料与日常饮水喂养;中药组小鼠为常规饲料与中药溶液喂养;至4.3月龄时两组同时终止实验,取出耳蜗,利用Real Time PCR技术定量检测两组耳蜗组织SOD1的表达。结果中药组SOD1的表达比对照组高(P<0.05)。结论复方健耳剂通过对SOD1的表达影响可能是其有效对抗老年性耳蜗感音神经性损害的重要机制之一。