Stroke causes a transient imbalance of interhemispheric information flow in EEG during non-REM sleep

Objective

Large-scale connectivity, especially interhemispheric connections, plays a crucial role for recovery after stroke. Here we used methods from information theory to characterize interhemispheric information flow in wake- and sleep-EEG after cerebral ischemia.

糖尿病和非糖尿病急性动脉粥样硬化性 血栓性脑梗死患者的临床比较

目的 比较糖尿病(DM)与非糖尿病(NDM)急性动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死患者的病例资料、临床神经缺损程度及颅内动脉狭窄发生率、分布特点。方法 筛选符合条件的2017年10月-2018年5月在铜陵市立医院住院的急性动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死患者112例纳入本研究,其中DM性脑梗死患者(DM脑梗死组)43例及NDM性脑梗死患者(NDM脑梗死组)69例,收集2组患者脑血管病的危险因素、生化检查指标、入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分及颅内动脉狭窄发生率、分布特点。结果 2组患者脑血管病的危险因素比较,DM脑梗死组高脂血症、冠心病的比例、血清甘油三酯水平与NDM脑梗死组比较有明显差异(P<0.05); 2组患者入院临床神经缺损程度比较,DM脑梗死组入院NIHSS≤4分患者与NDM脑梗死组入院NIHSS≤4分患者有明显差异(P<0.05); 2组患者颅内血管狭窄发生率比较,DM脑梗死组血管狭窄率62.79%,其中单支血管病变率20.93%、混合血管病变率30.23%; NDM脑梗死组血管狭窄率40.58%,其中单支血管病变率57.97%、混合血管病变率20.30%,2组比较均有明显差异(P均<0.05)。结论 糖尿病急性动脉粥样硬化性血栓形成脑梗死患者多伴有冠心病、高脂血症病史,入院临床神经缺损程度相对轻,颅内动脉狭窄发生率高,多以混合血管病变为主。     

脑得康治疗急性缺血性卒中的疗效分析

目的探讨中药制剂脑得康治疗急性缺血性卒中的作用机制。 方法选取山东省胶州市人民医院神经外科急性缺血性卒中患者362例,分为治疗组和对照组各181例。对照组给予常规药物治疗,治疗组在常规治疗加用脑得康。对比两组治疗前后卒中量表评分及BI评分,两组死亡率、不良反应发生情况及并发症。 结果治疗前两组患者的神经机能缺损程度不显著(P>0.05),治疗后均有明显下降(P<0.01),且治疗组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组和对照组治疗前BI评分分别为52.34±11.52分、53.14±12.57分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗组和对照组治疗后BI评分分别为82.42±16.58分、73.47±15.57分,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组和对照组死亡率分别为8.84(16/181)、18.23%(33/181),比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组和对照组并发症发生率分别为3.31%、2.21%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论在常规治疗基础上,添加脑得康治疗可以更好地改善AIS患者的预后。     

Plasma Levels of miR-125b-5p and miR-206 in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients After Recanalization Treatment: A Prospective Observational Study

Introduction: Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the response to hypoxic/ischemic and ischemia-reperfusion events. However, the expression of these miRNAs in circulation from patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) receiving recanalization treatment has not been examined, and whether they are associated with the severity and outcome of stroke is still unknown. Materials and methods: In this prospective cohort study, plasma levels of miR-125b-5p, miR-15a-3p, miR-15a-5p, and miR-206 were measured at 24 hours after thrombolysis with or without endovascular treatment in 94 patients with AIS, as determined by qRT-PCR. Stroke severity was assessed based on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and infarct lesion. Intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) was recorded. An unfavorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score greater than 2 at day 90 after stroke. Results: miR-125b-5p and miR-206 levels were correlated with NIHSS scores (P = .014 and P = .002) and cerebral infarction volumes (P = .025 and P = .030). miR-125b-5p levels were significantly higher in patients with an unfavorable outcome than in patients with a favorable outcome (P = .002) and showed good diagnostic accuracy in discriminating the presence of an unfavorable outcome (area under the curve .735, 95% confidence interval .623-.829, P < .001). No association was found between different miRNAs and ICH. Conclusions: In AIS patients after thrombolysis with or without endovascular treatment, miR-125b-5p is a novel prognostic biomarker highly associated with an unfavorable outcome. miR-125b-5p and miR-206 levels are associated with stroke severity.     

短暂性肢体缺血后处理治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的探讨肢体缺血后处理治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选择2015年3月~2016年6月在我院住院治疗的158例未进行溶栓治疗的急性脑梗死(发病72 h内)患者作为研究对象,所有患者均经影像证实,按照入院先后顺序随机分为治疗组和对照组。所有患者均给予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予4个短周期单侧上肢缺血再灌注,每天进行1次连续7 d。比较入院时和病程14 d时两组患者的临床疗效;入院时、病程14 d和病程3 m时的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)和磁共振灌注加权成像(PWI);入院时和病程3 m时的改良Rankin量表(mRS)、梗死体积。结果治疗14 d后,治疗组总有效率(95.9%)高于对照组(79.0%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者NIHSS评分、rMTT在入院时和病程14 d时差异无统计学意义,均在病程3 m时差异有统计学意义(P0.05);病程3 m时,治疗组mRS较对照组下降(P0.05),治疗组梗死体积较对照组减小(P0.05)。结论在急性脑梗死患者常规治疗的基础上给予短暂性肢体缺血后处理治疗,可以提高患者的临床疗效,减轻NIHSS评分及mRS评分,减小梗死体积,增加脑灌注。     

Spontaneous improvement in both obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive impairment after stroke

BackgroundKnowledge available about the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cognitive impairment after stroke is limited. The evolution of OSA and cognitive performance after stroke is not sufficiently described.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled and examined acute stroke patients without previously diagnosed OSA. The following information was collected: (1) demographics, (2) sleep cardio-respiratory polygraphy (PG) at 72 h, day seven, month three, and month 12 after stroke, (3) post-stroke functional disability tests at entry and at months three and 12, and (4) cognition (attention and orientation, memory, verbal fluency, language, and visual-spatial abilities) using the revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE-R) at months three and 12.ResultsOf 68 patients completing the study, OSA was diagnosed in 42 (61.8%) patients. The mean apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) at study entry of 21.0 ± 13.7 spontaneously declined to 11.6 ± 11.2 at month 12 in the OSA group (p < 0.0005). The total ACE-R score was significantly reduced at months three (p = 0.005) and 12 (p = 0.004) in the OSA group. Poorer performance on the subtests of memory at months 3 (p = 0.039) and 12 (p = 0.040) and verbal fluency at months 3 (p < 0.005) and 12 (p < 0.005) were observed in the OSA group compared to non-OSA group. Visual-spatial abilities in both the OSA (p = 0.001) and non-OSA (p = 0.046) groups and the total ACE-R score in the OSA (p = 0.005) and non-OSA (p = 0.002) groups improved.ConclusionsA high prevalence of OSA and cognitive decline were present in patients after an acute stroke. Spontaneous improvements in both OSA and cognitive impairment were observed.     

经额血肿穿刺引流术治疗基底节脑出血手术时机探讨

目的:探讨不同手术时机经额血肿穿刺引流术治疗自发性基底节脑出血的疗效及对脑水肿的影响。方法:113例自发性基底节脑出血患者,根据发病后手术时机不同分为超早期组(<6h)31例、早期组(6～24h)42例和延期组(>24～72h)40例。比较3组术后常见并发症的发生率、血肿清除率、脑水肿体积变化、神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)变化及远期疗效的差异。结果:3组术后常见并发症的发生率、残余血肿体积、血肿清除率和初始脑水肿体积比较差异无统计学意义;发病后7d脑水肿体积超早期组[(6.6±4.8)mL]和早期组([8.2±5.9)mL]明显小于延期组([15.8±15.4)mL]差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);手术后NIHSS改善超早期组[(11.3±6.0)分]和早期组([12.5±6.3)分]明显高于延期组([6.3±5.4)分],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。治疗后6个月ADL评分超早期组和早期组优于延期组(均P<0.01),但前2组间差异无统计学意义。结论:经额血肿穿刺引流术治疗可以有效清除血肿,早期手术能够减轻术后灶周水肿的程度并有利于患者神经功能恢复,再出血概率可能更小。     

针刺“四海之腧”治疗急性缺血性中风的临床分析

目的:观察并分析针刺"四海之腧"对急性缺血性中风的临床疗效。方法:将59例符合纳入标准的急性缺血性中风患者随机分成四海之腧组(29例)和空白对照组(30例),每组分别给予相应处理,比较治疗前后各组别神经功能缺损评分、临床疗效及纤维蛋白原(FIB)、脂蛋白(Lpa)、C反应蛋白(Crp)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)等客观指标量值的变化。结果:经过治疗两组神经功能缺损评分均有不同程度的下降(P<0.01),但四海之腧组的下降幅度明显比空白对照组大(P<0.01);两组间的疗效比较有统计学差异(P<0.01),其中四海之腧组比空白对照组好;治疗后四海之腧组各客观指标均有不同程度的下降(P<0.05);空白对照组则除Crp外均无明显变化(P>0.05);四海之腧的Crp下降幅度明显大于空白对照组(P<0.05)。结论:四海之腧针刺法对急性缺血性中风具有确切的临床疗效;四海之腧针刺法能有效地降低各种中风危险因素的水平。     

同型半胱氨酸与脑分水岭梗死的关系

目的探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与脑分水岭梗死(CWI)的关系以及Hcy水平与其严重程度的关系。方法采用荧光偏振免疫分析检测法(FPIA)测定62例脑分水岭梗死(CWI)患者与58例健康者血浆Hcy水平,同时记录入院时神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS),并分析两者间的关系。结果病例组血浆Hcy水平高于对照组(P<0.01);病例组不同亚型脑分水岭梗死间血浆Hcy水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);中、重型脑分水岭梗死组血浆Hcy浓度显著高于轻型组(P<0.01)。结论血浆Hcy水平可能与脑分水岭梗死的发生及神经功能缺损程度有关。