丙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞中丙型肝炎病毒复制的研究

９例临床诊断为丙型肝炎患者，研究其外周血单核细胞中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的存在及复制。９例患者血清标本抗－ＨＣＶ及ＨＣＶＲＮＡ均为阳性，采用高敏感的逆转录一套式ＰＣＲ法测定其外周血单核细胞中ＨＣＶ正、负链ＲＮＡ，结果９例患者外周血单核细胞中７例ＨＣＶ正链ＲＮＡ阳性，３例ＨＣＶ负链ＲＮＡ阳性，证实部分丙肝患者外周血单核细胞中存在ＨＣＶ的复制，表明肝细胞并非为ＨＣＶ感染与复制的唯一场所。     

Expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA in breast tissue

Summary Expression of IGF-I and IGF-II was studied in human breast cancer tissues by in situ hybridization. IGF-I mRNA was detected only in stromal cells adjacent to normal breast epithelial cells. Stromal cells associated with the tumor cells did not contain IGF-I, nor did malignant or benign breast epithelial cells. In contrast, IGF-II mRNA was found in both the malignant epithelial cells and their adjacent stromal cells. These data imply that stromal cells associated with breast epithelium may switch expression from IGF-I to IGF-II during breast cancer evolution. This appearance of IGF-II expression may identify cancer-associated stromal cells that have a fetal phenotype.     

管状骨增宽牵引成骨组织形态学变化的实验研究

目的 探讨管状骨增宽牵引后新骨形成的变化。方法 在成年山羊的后肢放置2只增宽牵引器。实验组9只术后第8天牵引，对照组3只不牵引。牵引完毕后不同时期，各宰杀3只，评价管状骨增宽牵引后新骨形成的质和量。结果 实验组胫骨平均增宽7．83mm，X射线见牵引间隙逐渐变模糊，暴露侧有骨不连，非暴露侧成骨良好，牵引完毕3个月，未暴露侧新形成板层骨与原来胫骨融为一体，而暴露侧骨不连区为致密纤维组织。结论 管状骨增宽牵引成骨后，两侧牵引间隙成骨不一致，良好的血供，对新骨形成至关重要。     

示范区创建活动与社区卫生服务长效机制的建立和可持续发展对策的思考

通过第三方评估全国社区卫生服务示范区是我国社区卫生服务发展史上的一大创举。此项活动的开展,极大的提高了各地政府对发展社区卫生服务的思想认识、政策理解和经费投入力度。通过创建和评估活动,系统总结了各申报地区社区卫生服务的经验和特色,分析了存在的问题和不足,提出了发展社区卫生服务的对策和建议,制定了社区卫生服务可持续发展的长效机制,取得了预期效果,达到了预期目的。随着《国务院关于发展城市社区卫生服务的指导意见》的出台,示范区的典型示范效应会日益凸显出来,对我国社区卫生服务的发展将起到不可估量的作用。     

甲硫氨酸脑啡肽对抗体和白细胞介素－2的产生和基因转录的影响

甲硫氨酸脑啡肽对抗体的产生和Ｔ细胞免疫功能具有调节作用。为了明确这种作用机制，本实验观察了抗体和白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）的产生和基因表达。甲硫氨酸脑啡肽对３Ｆ３杂交瘤细胞的抗体产生及其轻链和重链基因表达影响不明显。较高浓度的甲硫氨酸脑啡肽（０．１ｎｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）－１μｍｏｌ·Ｌ（－１））不仅促进ＩＬ－２的产生和ＩＬ－２ｍＲＮＡ的转录，而且能提高ＩＬ－２ｍＲＮＡ的稳定性。     

卵巢肿瘤细胞DNA及RNA含量的定量分析及其临床意义

本资料对９３例不同性质的卵巢肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ及ＲＮＡ含量进行了定量研究，其中５０例良性、４３例恶性。并对患者进行１～５年的随访。结果是卵巢良性肿瘤的异倍率（假阳性）为４４％，恶性肿瘤异倍率为８６．０％。以“标准ＤＩ”及“标准ＲＩ”为指标判断卵巢肿瘤性质的准确率较以“异倍性”为高，且双指标同时应用高于任一单指标：对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率分别为９０％和９５．３％。提出“标准ＤＩ”和“标准ＲＩ”是判断卵巢肿瘤性质的理想指标。且ＤＮＡ及ＲＮＡ含量与卵巢癌预后有密切关系。     

维拉帕米抑制培养细胞DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成的作用

为探讨钙拮抗剂对细胞大分子物质的代谢影响,本文观察了维拉帕米对人成纤维细胞(2BS)和猴内皮细胞(RF/6A)DNA,RNA和蛋白质合成的作用.维拉帕米抑制2BS细胞DNA和RNA合成的作用为浓度依赖性,ID_(50)分别为12.3和22μg/ml.抑制RF细胞DNA和蛋白质合成的ID_(50)分别为34.4和49.6μg/ml.     

KCNJ2 mutations in arrhythmia patients referred for LQT testing: A mutation T305A with novel effect on rectification properties

BACKGROUND: Loss-of-function mutations in the KCNJ2 cause approximately 50% of Andersen-Tawil Syndrome (ATS) characterized by a classic triad of periodic paralysis, ventricular arrhythmia, and dysmorphic features. Do KCNJ2 mutations occur in patients lacking this triad and lacking a family history of ATS? OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize mutations in the KCNJ2-encoded inward rectifier potassium channel Kir2.1 from patients referred for genetic arrhythmia testing. METHODS: Mutational analysis of KCNJ2 was performed for 541 unrelated patients. The mutations were made in wild type (WT) and expressed in COS-1 cells and voltage clamped for ion currents. RESULTS: Three novel missense mutations (R67Q, R85W, and T305A) and one known mutation (T75M) were identified in 4/249 (1.6%) patients genotype-negative for other known arrhythmia genes with overall incidence 4/541 (0.74%). They had prominent U-waves, marked ventricular ectopy, and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia but no facial/skeletal abnormalities. Periodic paralysis was present in only one case. Outward current was decreased to less than 5% of WT for all mutants expressed alone. Co-expression with WT (simulating heterozygosity) caused a marked dominant negative effect for T75M and R82W, no dominant negative effect for R67Q, and a novel selective enhancement of inward rectification for T305A. CONCLUSIONS: KCNJ2 loss of function mutations were found in approximately 1% of patients referred for genetic arrhythmia testing that lacked criteria for ATS. Characterization of three new mutations identified a novel dominant negative effect selectively reducing outward current for T305A. These results extend the range of clinical phenotype and molecular phenotype associated with KCNJ2 mutations.     

“Lytic” lesions in autologous bone grafts: demonstration of medullary air pockets on post mortem computed tomography

Donor bone grafts are an important aspect of orthopaedic surgery. The use of plain film as a pathological screening tool before donor bone dispatch has revealed “lytic” lesions in proximal humeri. Donor demographics did not support the diagnosis of myeloma and subsequent computed tomography (CT) scans of these bones identified the lesions as air, not pathology. In total, 27 long bones were scanned and 100% (27/27 cases) exhibited air within the trabecular bone. Three distinct patterns were found: ovoid, linear/branching, and broad channel. A longitudinal course of CT scans was performed to identify at which stage air appeared within the bone. Pre-retrieval, preprocessing, and postprocessing scans revealed that air originated between the retrieval and preprocessing stages of donor bone preparation. There may be multiple aetiology of this phenomenon, including bone retrieval and natural decomposition.     

RNA干扰抑制马桑内酯诱导的大鼠星形胶质细胞Mdr1基因的表达

目的观察RNA干扰对培养的大鼠星形胶质细胞逆转P-糖蛋白介导的多药耐药现象的影响。方法用短发夹RNA表达载体p-SIREN shuttle质粒转染马桑内酯诱导表达P-糖蛋白的星形胶质细胞，荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）测定Mdr1 mRNA的表达量，免疫细胞化学方法检测P-糖蛋白表达的变化，流式细胞术检测转染前后细胞罗丹明蓄积外排的变化。结果建立表达P-糖蛋白的星形胶质细胞模型，有效地将p-SIREN shuttle质粒转染该细胞模型。转染后实验组细胞Mdr1 mRNA水平被抑制达67．70％，P-糖蛋白表达明显低于对照组（P〈0．01），实验组P-糖蛋白作用底物罗丹明的细胞外泵出率（23．08％）明显低于对照组（78．35％，P〈0．01）。结论RNA干扰对马桑内酯诱导的星形胶质细胞Mdr1表达有明显抑制作用，并且在很大程度上逆转多药耐药蛋白的耐药作用。