Reduced genital sensitivity in female patients with multiple system atrophy of parkinsonian type.

According to the consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA), erectile dysfunction is required for male patients to fulfil the urinary incontinence criterion. However, there is no equivalent item for female patients. We questioned 19 female patients with MSA of the parkinsonian type (MSA-P), 28 female patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and 27 healthy controls on their genital sensitivity. A total of 47% of the MSA patients but only 4% of the PD patients and 4% of the control group admitted to reduced genital sensitivity, a highly significant difference (P < 0.001). Moreover, the appearance of reduced genital sensitivity in female MSA patients showed a close temporal relation to the onset of the disease. If these preliminary results can be confirmed and further specified in a larger sample, a historical item of reduced genital sensitivity in female patients might become a diagnostic feature for MSA, comparable to erectile dysfunction in male patients.     

颈椎后路切除高位颈椎管内肿瘤1例

高位颈椎管内肿瘤的切除手术危险程度高,手术复杂难处理.我们对1例C3,4部位的巨大神经鞘膜瘤患者经后路进行肿瘤切除,患者得到了良好的恢复. 　　……     

抗食管癌单克隆抗体及食管癌细胞膜抗原的初步研究

以食管癌“109”细胞株免疫 BALB/C 小鼠,取其脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞株SP2/0 融合,经三次克隆化,获得稳定分泌抗食管癌“109”细胞株单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系2GF3。其分泌的单克隆2GF3抗体与外周血淋巴组胞、ABO 型红细胞、癌胚抗原以及3/5胃癌细胞株无反应,与2/5胃癌细胞株有弱(+)反应。与2GF3抗体对应的抗原为2GF3抗原,荧光标记检测表明后者主要表达在细胞膜上。用去污剂提取膜抗原进行电泳后转移至硝酸纤维素膜上进行酶标分析,2GF3抗原是分子量53KD 的糖蛋白,在还原及非还原条件下均显示相同的区带。它与抗癌胚抗原抗体及抗甲胎蛋白抗体均无反应,表明它不同于癌胚抗原和甲胎蛋白。     

99Tcm标记MIBI与MDP骨常规及延迟显像对比研究

目的探讨99Tcm-MIBI与99Tcm-MDP骨常规及其延迟显像对骨良恶性病变的诊断、鉴别诊断及疗效评估的临床应用价值及影响因素. 方法68例临床拟诊骨病变患者分别进行99Tcm-MDP和 99Tcm-MIBI骨显像;MIBI呈阳性者均行延迟显像;最终均行手术治疗及病理检查;其中12例于术前曾行化疗和/或放疗,治疗前后均行上述2项显像. 结果①99Tcm-MIBI显像76.3%(61/80病灶)恶性肿瘤病灶肉眼可见中、高度MIBI浓聚;而良性病灶仅有27.3%(6/22)的轻、中度浓聚;恶性病灶与对侧正常组织计数比值(L/C)为3.16±1.36明显高于良性病灶(1.35±0.56),P<0.01;延迟显像有利于良性病灶假阳性的鉴别.②99Tcm-MDP显像上述所有病灶均肉眼可见MDP浓聚,但恶性病灶L/C(3.66±1.27)与良性病灶L/C(2.97±1.03)比较差异无显著性(P>0.05).③化疗及放疗可以较明显抑制99Tcm-MIBI摄取(但放疗却可增加99Tcm-MDP摄取),因此99Tcm-MIBI摄取程度与99Tcm-MDP比较能较好反应治疗效果. 结论 99Tcm-MIBI骨常规及延迟显像对鉴别诊断良恶性骨病和评估疗效有较好的应用价值,若与99Tcm-MDP显像联合应用可提供更多有价值的信息.     

胆囊息肉样病变23例分析

我院自1969年7月至1990年7月,收治各种类型的胆道系统疾病共2018例,施行胆囊切除和胆总管切开取石以及其他各种胆道手术等共1821例,其中发现胆囊息肉样病变23例,术后经病理检查证实,其发病率占1.14%.23例胆囊息肉样病变同时并发急性胆囊炎、慢性胆囊炎、胆囊炎合并结石、胆囊出血、胆囊息肉癌变等并发症.本文着重讨论了并发症的原因,诊断方法以及如何治疗等问题.作者认为该病在胆道系统疾病中占有重要的地位,也是胆道系统中一种特殊的疾病.     

Organization of the APUD system in mammalian lungs at different stages of ontogeny

Department of Histology, Samarkand Medical Institute. Laboratory of Histochemistry and Electron Microscopy, Department of Pathological Anatomy of Human Tumors, All-Union Oncologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. S. Sarkisov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 2, pp. 219–221, February, 1991.     

Nodular sarcoidosis of the liver and spleen: Appearance on MR images

Small nodular lesions in the liver and spleen have been reported as an infrequent manifestation of sarcoidosis. Five patients with this appearance on either dynamic contrast material—enhanced computed tomographic (CT) or ultrasound scans underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with and without dynamic gadolinium enhancement. The lesions were relatively uniform in size, ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 cm. On CT scans, they were hypoattenuating relative to surrounding parenchyma. On MR images, the lesions were hypointense relative to background parenchyma with all sequences. No substantial enhancement was observed in the lesions, although lesion conspicuity decreased over time on serial postcontrast images. Lesion conspicuity was greatest on either T2-weighted fat-suppressed (T2FS) images or early-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced images. Abdominal adenopathy was seen in three of the five patients and was hyperintense relative to liver on T2FS images in two and intermediate in intensity in one patient.     

Influence of in vivo copper on MR images of the liver in rats

To investigate the effects of in vivo copper on magnetic resonance (MR) images, the authors studied Long-Evans cinnamon rats, which develop hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma as a result of abnormal copper metabolism. The livers of the rats were imaged before hepatitis developed; the absence of hepatic disease was confirmed histopathologically. The copper that accumulated in the liver of the rats was thought to exist in the form of divalent ions, which were suspected of reducing the T1 and T2 of neighboring protons. However, the signal intensities of the liver on T1- and T2*-weighted images did not change, suggesting that in vivo copper, even when accumulated abnormally, does not influence the signal intensity of MR images.     

Screening of H-ras Gene Point Mutations in 50 Cases of Bladder Carcinoma

Background Mutation converts the H-ras gene into an activated oncogene in about 10% of human bladder cancers. Codons 12 and 61 are the major "hot spots" for activation. A simple and accurate method to detect point mutations in these codons may be clinically useful for early diagnosis of bladder cancer.
Methods Bladder cancer samples from 50 patients, plus 10 samples of normal bladder mucosa, were analyzed for possible point mutation of the H-ras gene at either codon 12 or codon 61. The H-ras gene DNA segments that include these 2 codons were amplified by PCR methods, then the possible presence of a point mutation was evaluated at each codon by susceptibility of the respective DNA segments to digestion with the restriction enzyme and by dot blot hybridization assay. A bladder cancer patient who had an H-ras gene mutation was examined to see whether the mutation was also detectable in the cells released in the urine.
Results Definite or possible point mutations were found in 6 (1 2%) out of 50 bladder cancer patients, while no mutation was detected in normal mucosa. A point mutation could also be detected in cells isolated from the patient's urine sample.
Conclusion The prevalence of point mutations at codon 1 2 or codon 61 of the H-ras gene found in this study was similar to that previously estimated for human bladder cancer by DNA transfection assay. The method we have used for detecting point mutations of the H-ras gene provides a simple and highly accurate way to detect mutated cancer cells even in the urine. It may be clinically usable for early diagnosis of bladder cancer.     

顺铂对结直肠癌肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞杀伤活性的影响

为在临床选择有效的免疫化疗方案提供一定的理论依据，作者以结直肠癌肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（ＴＩＬ）和顺铂（ＣＤＤＰ）为研究对象，对１６名手术治疗的结直肠癌患者，分别观察ＣＤＤＰ体内注射及体外预处理ＴＩＬ和Ｒａｊｉ细胞对ＴＩＬ表面标志和杀伤活性的影响。流式细胞仪检测结果显示，静脉注射ＣＤＤＰ能增加结直肠癌ＴＩＬ中ＣＤ３＋／ＣＤ４＋和ＣＤ３＋／ＣＤ８＋细胞含量，同时增强ＴＩＬ体外杀伤Ｒａｊｉ细胞的活性；而体外以ＣＤＤＰ处理Ｒａｊｉ细胞能增强其对结直肠癌ＴＩＬ杀伤的敏感性。作者认为，对于联合应用ＴＩＬ和ＣＤＤＰ治疗结直肠癌的临床效果有必要进一步研究。