Effects of iomeprol,a new nonionic contrast medium,vis a vis iopamidol and nitroglycerin,on coronary diameter and blood flow in chronically instrumented dogs

The effects of an intracoronary administration of iomeprol, a new nonionic tri-iodinated water-soluble contrast medium, on coronary circulation were compared to those of iopamidol and those of nitroglycerin in 6 chronically instrumented conscious dogs. A pair of 10 MHz piezoelectric crystals and an electromagnetic flow probe were placed on the left circumflex coronary artery (LCCA) to measure the epicardial coronary diameter (CD) and coronary blood flow (CBF). Polyethylene tubing for drug administration was inserted into the LCCA proximal to the sonomicrometers. Iomeprol at the dose of 1 ml and 3 ml/min for 1 min significantly increased CD by 0.6±0.1% and 1.4±0.3%, respectively and CBF by 44.5±9% and 70±10%, respectively. Iopamidol at the same rates also significantly increased CD by 0.8±0.1% and 1.5±0.3% and CBF by 50±11% and 82±14%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between iomeprol-and iopamidol-induced increases in CD and CBF. However, the duration of the increase in CD was significantly shorter (p<0.05) after iomeprol than after iopamidol. Nitroglycerin (10 μg/kg) significantly increased CD by 4.5±1% and CBF by 105±10%. The increases in CD and CBF in response to iopamidol and iomeprol were significantly smaller (p<0.01) than to nitroglycerin. We conclude that vasodilating effects of iomeprol and iopamidol on the large epicardial coronary artery and coronary blood flow are comparable in conscious dogs and significantly lower than after nitroglycerin in the doses used by us. This study was supported by a grant from the EI-ZA1 Pharmaceutical Co., Tokyo, Japan.     

Nodular sarcoidosis of the liver and spleen: Appearance on MR images

Small nodular lesions in the liver and spleen have been reported as an infrequent manifestation of sarcoidosis. Five patients with this appearance on either dynamic contrast material—enhanced computed tomographic (CT) or ultrasound scans underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with and without dynamic gadolinium enhancement. The lesions were relatively uniform in size, ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 cm. On CT scans, they were hypoattenuating relative to surrounding parenchyma. On MR images, the lesions were hypointense relative to background parenchyma with all sequences. No substantial enhancement was observed in the lesions, although lesion conspicuity decreased over time on serial postcontrast images. Lesion conspicuity was greatest on either T2-weighted fat-suppressed (T2FS) images or early-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced images. Abdominal adenopathy was seen in three of the five patients and was hyperintense relative to liver on T2FS images in two and intermediate in intensity in one patient.     

A multicenter clinical trial of gadolite oral suspension as a contrast agent for MRI

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of Gadolite Oral Suspension as a gastrointestinal (GI) contrast agent for MRI in a phase II and two phase III multicenter clinical trials. Gadolite was administered to 306 patients with known or suspected abdominal and/or pelvic disease. MRI with T1- and T2-weighted sequences was performed before and after ingestion. Efficacy was evaluated by having two masked readers rate the certainty of their MR diagnosis (0 = uncertain, 1 = probable, 2 = definite) on randomly presented pre- and post-Gadolite Oral Suspension enhanced images. Principal investigators also evaluated the images and established the final diagnosis. Vital signs, clinical chemistries, and adverse events were documented. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for gadolinium content to determine whether Gadolite Oral Suspension was absorbed systemically. Certainty in MR diagnosis increased significantly (P < .001) for both blinded readers between pre- and post-Gadolite images (.49–1.18 for reader 1; .46–1.53 for reader 2). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy also increased for both masked readers. No gadolinium was detected in blood or urine samples. There were no serious adverse events and no apparent drug-related trends in mean vital signs or laboratory values. Gadolite is a highly effective, safe, and well tolerated contrast agent for clinical use with MRI.     

序贯培养对小白鼠胚胎体外发育的影响

目的:探索序贯培养技术对小白鼠胚胎体外发育的影响。方法:将 2 -细胞期的小鼠胚胎随机分为序贯培养组与传统培养组进行培养 ,观察分析两组的 8-细胞期胚胎形成率、桑椹期胚胎形成率及囊胚形成率。结果:序贯培养组 8-细胞期胚胎形成率、桑椹期胚胎形成率及囊胚形成率分别为 70 .5 %、6 8.2 %、6 5 .9% ,传统培养组分别为 4 5 .7%、4 5 .7%、34.3%。两组比较 ,序贯培养组高于传统培养组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :采用适当的培养液进行序贯培养 ,更适合小白鼠胚胎的体外发育     

MRA与CTA头部血管成像技术探讨

目的 :探讨MRA与CTA成像技术的临床应用 ,选择合适的影像后处理方法。方法 :抽取MRA与CTA各 2 0份影像进行分析。结果 :两组病例MRA与CTA扫描后及处理均获得较好的影像信息。结论 :MRA与CTA的影像检查技术对临床诊断与治疗均各具有其优势并有其重要价值。     

鼻内窥镜下咽鼓管导管注药治疗分泌性中耳炎

目的 :探讨鼻内窥镜下咽鼓管导管注药治疗分泌性中耳炎的方法。方法 :回顾分析鼻内窥镜直视下咽鼓管导管注药治疗分泌性中耳炎 36 0例、4 0 0耳的临床资料。结果 :治愈 2 5 2例 ,占 70 % ;好转 90例 ,占2 5 % ;总有效率 95 %。治疗前听力平均损失 4 5 .4± 8.2dBHL ,治疗后平均为 33.0± 8.2dBHL ,差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。鼓室功能曲线治疗前B型 32 0耳 ,C型 80耳 ,治疗后转变为A型 30 3耳 ,占 75 .8%。结论 :此法操作简单 ,在直视下进行 ,患者痛苦小 ,不破坏鼓膜的正常生理结构 ,可改善分泌性中耳炎的咽鼓管功能 ,提高听力     

联合进路鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎42例疗效分析

目的观察联合进路鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎手术疗效。方法应用联合进路鼓室成形术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎４２例共４８耳，其中Ⅰ期手术者２４例２８耳，分期手术者１８例２０耳，术后随访３—５年。结果Ⅰ期及分期手术后鼓膜愈合率分别为７５％和９０％，胆脂瘤复发率为２１４３％及５％，语言频率（０５、１、２ｋＨｚ）纯音听阈均值气骨导差小于２０ｄＢＨＬ者分别为１３耳（４６４３％）和１５耳（７５％），其中儿童患者分期手术术后胆脂瘤无一例复发。结论联合进路鼓室成形术分期手术治疗慢行化脓性中耳炎远期效果显著，儿童患者行该术时以分期手术为宜。     

HM增菌液对沙门氏菌属与志贺氏菌属增菌效果的观察

报道HM增菌液对150例临床诊断为肠炎患者大便标本的增菌效果,并与革兰氏阴性杆菌增菌培养液(GN增菌液)和亚硒酸钠增菌液(SF增菌液)进行对比观察。结果显示HM增菌液对沙门氏菌属与志贺氏菌属增菌效果均较好,检出率明显高于GN和SF增萌液(p<0.01和p<0.05),有较好的实用价值。     

虹膜夹型有晶状体眼人工晶状体植入术对高度近视眼对比敏感度的影响

目的 研究虹膜夹型有晶状体眼人工晶状体（iris-claw phakic intraocular lens，ICPIOL）植人术后对比敏感度（contrastsensitivity，CS）的变化。方法 2005年5月至12月于温州医学院附属眼视光医院和中山大学中山眼科中心接受ICPIOL（Verisyse，美国AMO公司）植入术的高度近视眼患者12例（23只眼），分别在术前、术后1、3、6个月采用CS测试灯箱（CSV-1000型，美国Vector Vision公司）检查暗视状态下无／有眩光时的对比敏感度函数（contrast sensitivity function，CSF）。结果 术后1、3、6个月等效球镜度数分别为（-0．60±0．77）D，（-0．48±0．77）D，（-0．34±0．53）D，与术前（-15．53D±3．65D）差异均有显著统计学意义（P均〈0．001），最佳矫正视力（IogMAR）分别为0．064-0．12，0．02±0．09，-0．003±0．08，与术前（0．21±0．12）差异均有显著统计学意义（P均〈0．001）。术后各空间频率的CS与术前比较有增高趋势。术后3个月6、12、18周／度的CS在无眩光时和有眩光时均明显提高（P均〈0．01），开始接近正常范围。术后3、6个月在各空间频率上CS差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论 ICPIOL植入术矫治高度近视眼可以使CSF恢复到接近正常范围，显著改善视功能，是一种适用于高度乃至超高度近视眼的可供选择的屈光手术。     

Quantification of tissue plasma volume in the rat by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging enhanced with a macromolecular contrast medium (MMCM), albumin-Gd-DTPA, was used to estimate the plasma volume in vivo in the myocardium, lung, liver, and skeletal muscle of 10 normal rats. The plasma volumes of the same tissues in a parallel group of six rats were estimated in vitro by a conventional radioisotopic technique (¹¹¹In-transferrin). Plasma volumes of myocardium, lung, liver, and skeletal muscle estimated by the MR technique (μl plas. ia cc-¹ of tissue) were 101,109,163, and 11.0, respectively, while plasma volumes measured by the In-transferrin radioisotope technique (mg plasma g-¹ of tissue) were 78.6, 215,143, and 11-2, respectively. Assuming a ratio of densities of aerated lung to blood of 0.45 and of other tissues to blood of 1.0, correlation between the methods was excellent (R² = 0.99) indicating that MR imaging enhanced with MMCM permits reliable in vivo estimation of tissue plasma volume in the rat.