非接触心内膜激动标测系统指导疑难心律失常消融的临床研究

目的 研究非接触心内膜激动标测系统指导疑难心律失常的标测与消融的有效性与优越性。方法 12例患者，男性9例，女性3例，年龄28-76岁，电生理检查为右室特发性室性早搏1例，左室特发性室性心动过速2例，左房房性心动过速1例，右房房性心动过速2例，左房心房颤动6例．其中4例常规电生理标测消融末成功，1例成功后复发．经股静脉置入64极球囊电极和射频消融导管至同一心腔．计算机标测系统首先构建心腔几何构型，然后建立心动过速的腔内等电势图，分析心动过速的起源点及关键峡部，利用计算机导航系统指导消融导管至拟定靶点处进行消融，结果 1例起源于右室流出道偏间隔的室性早搏患者行片状消融获得成功；2例左室特发性室性心动过速标测其心动过速起源于左后中间隔及左后间隔区域行片状消融成功；1例左房房性心动过速标测其心动过速起源于右肺下静脉间隔部并指引消融导管行右肺下静脉至二尖瓣之间线性消融获得成功；2例右房房性心动过速巾1例标测其最早激动点位于下腔静脉口，此处行环状消融获得成功，另1例位于上腔静脉后方穿过界嵴中部线性消融获得成功；6例左房房颤患者1例在窦性心律卜标测其敛房颤房早起源于左右上肺静脉之间，行线性消融成功，另5例在房颤发作下标测其房颤起源折返部位，分别行右上下肺静脉、左上下肺静脉、左右上肺静脉之间、左下肺静脉与二尖瓣峡部之间线件消融成功，12例患者术中、术后均无并发症，随访2—26个月，无1例复发．结论 非接触心内膜激动标测系统指导心律失常的心内膜标测与消融是安全有效的，对复杂、难治性心律失常的电生理机制的阐明和指导消融具有较好的临床应用价值，     

盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗固定修复体引起的牙周炎的临床评价

目的评价牙周袋内局部使用盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗人工冠和固定义齿引起的牙周炎的临床效果。方法选择由人工冠和固定义齿引起的牙周炎患者32例,随机分为实验组和对照组。在龈上洁治和龈下刮治术后,实验组牙周袋注入盐酸米诺环素软膏,对照组牙周袋内只用生理盐水冲洗,每周1次,共4次。分别记录治疗前和治疗后4周、8周时的牙周指数,包括菌斑指数(PLI)、探诊出血(BOP)、牙周袋探诊深度(PD)等指标,并进行统计学分析。结果治疗后第4周、第8周,2组各项指标的测定值与治疗前比较均有明显改善,且实验组各指标的改善程度均明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论牙周袋内局部使用盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗人工冠和固定义齿引起的牙周炎能够获得较好的临床效果。     

小剂量无水乙醇经皮腔内室间隔化学消融术治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病的疗效及安全性评价

目的:评价使用小剂量无水乙醇经皮腔内室间隔化学消融术(PTSMA)治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)的疗效和安全性。方法:12例症状明显、药物治疗无效的HOCM患者行PTSMA术,无水乙醇用量均小于2 ml[平均(1.8±0.2)ml],术前、术后7 d、术后6个月行超声心动图检查测定静息左室流出道压力阶差(LVOTG)、室间隔(IVS)厚度、射血分数(EF),同时询问患者主观症状并进行心功能评价。结果:术后7 d、6个月LVOTG分别为(20.6±4.7)mmHg、(17.7±4.3)mmHg,较术前[(67.2±14.1)mmHg]均显著下降(P<0.01);室间隔厚度分别为(18.3±3.8)mm、(14.1±1.5)mm,较术前[(23.4±4.7)mm]均明显变薄(P<0.01);心功能分别为(1.8±0.4)级(、1.4±0.5)级,较术前[(2.6±0.7)级]明显改善(P<0.01)。EF值无明显变化。症状均不同程度减轻或消失,未见Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞发生。结论:使用小剂量无水乙醇行PTSMA治疗HOCM安全有效。     

前路减压Z-plate内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的探讨前路减压Z-plate内固定胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的方法和疗效。方法对26例胸腰椎爆裂性骨折伴脊髓损伤患者采用前入路椎管减压,骼骨植骨Z-plate内固定术。结果术后随访6～24个月,22例获痊愈,优良率为84.62%。结论前路减压Z-plate内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折疗效好,有利于促进病人康复。     

群体药代动力学及其在新药研究中的应用

近年来新药临床研究越来越重视群体药代动力学的应用。群体药代动力学可以定量地描述病理、生理、合并用药等多种因素对药物代谢的影响，可将PK参数中的各种变异区分开，指导用药方案的调整，从而增强对新药有效性和安全性的评价。本文对群体药代动力学的研究方法及其在新药研究中的应用进行综述．     

Irreversible Electroporation of a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Lesion Adjacent to a Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Stent Graft

We report in a 65-year-old man hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent-graft which was successfully treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE). IRE is a new non-thermal tissue ablation technique which uses electrical pulses to induce cell necrosis by irreversible membrane poration. IRE proved to be more advantageous in the ablation of perivascular tumor with little injury to the surrounding structures.     

Long‐term tooth loss in periodontally compromised but treated patients according to the type of prosthodontic treatment. A retrospective study

If prosthodontic treatment is considered after periodontal therapy, the questions arise i) does prosthodontic treatment affect the treatment outcome of the dentition in general and ii) which type of prosthesis is related to best treatment outcome of abutment teeth? Our goal was to compare long‐term tooth loss after comprehensive periodontal therapy in patients with or without prosthodontic treatment. Ninety patients' charts with a total of 1937 teeth who had received comprehensive periodontal treatment 5–17 years ago by the same periodontist were retrospectively evaluated. Sixty‐five patients received fixed dental prostheses (FDP; n = 29) and/or removable partial dentures anchored with clips (RPDC; n = 25) or double crowns (RPDD; n = 25). Twenty‐five patients were also periodontally compromised but treated without prosthodontic treatment and served as a control group. A total of 317 teeth and 70 abutment teeth were lost during 9·7 ± 4·1 years of observation. Thereof, 273 teeth and 48 abutment teeth were lost due to periodontal reasons. Mean tooth loss amounted to 1·2 ± 1·5 (controls) and 4·4 ± 3·4 (partial dentures). Abutment tooth loss was 0·4 ± 1·1 (FDP), 1·0 ± 1·2 (RPDC) and 1·3 ± 1·0 (RPDD). Poisson regressions identified prosthodontic treatment, age, socio‐economic status, diabetes mellitus, mean initial bone loss and aggressive periodontitis as factors significantly contributing to tooth loss. Age, diabetes and non‐compliance contributed to abutment tooth loss. Not considering biomechanical factors, patients with prosthodontic reconstructions under long‐term supportive periodontal therapy were at higher risk for further tooth loss than patients without prostheses. Not only the type of partial denture but also the patient‐related risk factors were associated with abutment tooth loss.     

肠内营养常用置管方法的评价

危重症病人的营养供给途径可分为肠外营养(PN)和肠内营养(EN)支持两种.在满足可实施EN的前提下,经空肠给予营养应是危重症病人首先考虑的途径.病人要实施EN,必须建立适当的管饲途径,而具体的EN建立又包括多种手段和方法,各种置管方法有其各自的特点.以下对现今临床上可用的各种EN置管方法以及各种手段的适应范围、禁忌证、成功率、并发症和可行性等进行介绍和评价,为临床应用提供参考.