Early computed tomographic scanning after resection of brain tumors in children

Enhanced and non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) brain scans were performed within 72 h of surgery on 21 children in whom brain tumors had been resected totally or subtotally, and scans were repeated at varying intervals thereafter. Biopsies of the resection margins were performed in 12 patients at the end of the surgical procedure. The immediate CT scan showed enhancement in the resection margin in 13 of the 21 patients and in 9 of the 13, the enhancement disappeared on follow-up scans. There was discordance between the results of immediate CT scan examination and the biopsies of the resection margins in 7 of the 12 cases. The advantages and disadvantages of an immediate postoperative scan versus a more delayed CT scan are discussed.     

Factors influencing the variations of ejection fraction during exercise in chronic aortic regurgitation

The influence of left ventricular volume variations and regurgitant fraction variations upon left ventricular ejection fraction, during exercise was examined using equilibrium radionuclide angiography in patients suffering from aortic regurgitation. Ejection fraction (EF), regurgitant fraction (RF), end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV) variations from rest to peak exercise were determined in 44 patients suffering from chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) and in 8 healthy volunteers (C). In C, EF increased (+0.10±0.03, P<0.01) and ESV decreased significantly (-23%±12%, P<0.01) RF and EDV did not vary significantly. In AR patients, EF, EDV and ESV did not vary significantly because of important scattering of individual values. Changes in EF and ESV were inversely correlated (r=-0.79, P<0.01) and RF decreased significantly (-0.12±0.10, P<0.01). Volumes and EF changes during exercise occurred in three different ways. In a 1st subgroup of 7 patients, EF increased (+0.09±0.03, P<0.05) in conjunction with a reduction of ESV (-24%±12%, P<0.05) without a significant change in EDV. In a 2nd group of 22 patients. EF decreased (-0.04±0.07, P<0.01) in association with an increase in ESV (+17%±16%, P<0.01) and no change in EDV. In a 3rd subgroup of 15 patients, EF decreased (-0.02±0.06, P<0.01) despite a reduction in ESV (-7%±6%, P<0.01) because of a dramatic EDV decrease (-10%±6%, P<0.05). In this subgroup, changes in EF were inversely correlated with changes in ESV (r=-0.55, P<0.01) and positively related to EDV variations (r=0.42, P=0.02). EDV related to EDV variations (r=0.42, P=0.02). EDV changes were weakly, but significantly, correlated to RF decrease (r=0.39, P<0.05). We conclude that changes in left ventricular ejection fraction during exercise in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation are significantly related in some patients to changes in ventricular loading conditions as well as contractile state. Therefore, a correct interpretation of EF changes during exercise requires the simultaneous determination of changes in LV volumes.Abbreviations EDV end diastolic volume - EF ejection fraction - ESV end systolic volume - LV left ventricle - RV right ventricle     

正常小肠螺旋CT三期扫描技术和方法研究

目的探索正常小肠螺旋CT三期扫描技术和方法的最佳合理配伍关系。方法 80例正常小肠患者 ,随机分为两组 ,按两种配对参数各自进行螺旋CT三期扫描 ,通过双盲法分别选择确定两组显示良好影像质量小肠CT片 ,其中甲组 36例 ,乙组2 5例 ,两组经X2 检验 ,其P 相似文献   

青年急性冠脉综合征冠脉造特点及随访

目的:探讨青年急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)冠状动脉(冠状)造影特点及其与远期心脏事件的关系。方法:比较青年ACS与老年ACS患者冠脉病变程度、范围,并进行心脏事件随访。结果:78例青年ACS患者有冠脉病变74例(94.9％),单支病变46例(58.9％);171例老年ACS患者有冠脉病变166例(97.1％),单支病变41例(23.9％)。平均随访9个月,青年ACS患者发生心脏事件者10例(12.8％),其中心绞痛再入院6例(7.7％);老年ACS患者发生心脏事件者47例(27.5％),其中心绞痛再入院30例(17.5％),两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:ACS患者冠状动脉粥样硬化青年时期之前已经发生,ACS预后与冠脉病变程度和年龄呈正相关。     

重症颅脑损伤患者CT检查的护理

我院自 1997～ 2 0 0 1年以来 ,CT扫描诊断检查重症颅脑外伤 (GCS评分 3～ 8分 ) 16 4例 ,其中 16 1例平稳度过扫描期 ,3例因伤势严重在扫描过程中呼吸心跳停止 ,经抢救无效死亡。1　临床资料　　 16 4例重症颅脑损伤中 ,单纯颅内血肿 6 3例占 38% ;血肿伴脑挫裂伤 38例占 2 3%     

腹部大血管病变的3D DCE-MRA诊断

目的 阐述3D动态增强磁共振血管造影（three-dimensional　dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiog-raphy,3D DCE-MRA）的原理及其在腹部大血管病变诊断中的价值。方法搜集32例腹部大血管3D DCE-MRA检查的影像资料,对其影像表现进行回顾性分析。结果（1）团注试验:对比剂通过肾动脉水平腹主动脉内的高峰时间为17-23s;（2）正常表现3例,清晰显示腹主动脉及其分支;（3）腹主动脉瘤7例,均显示主动脉受累段不规则增宽及实际的动脉腔;（4）腹主动脉夹层18例,均显示内膜片、真假两腔以及分支动脉起源的位置,显示破口12处、再破口16处;（5）动脉粥样硬化3例,均显示腹主动脉迂曲,管径粗细不均;（6）髂总静脉血栓形成1例,左髂总静脉未显影。结论3DDCE-MRA是一种非损伤性血管成像技术,对腹部大血管病变的诊断有重要意义。     

儿童颈椎间盘钙化症的影像诊断

目的 探讨儿童颈椎间盘钙化症的影像表现及诊断价值，并提高对本病的认识。方法 回顾分析16例儿童颈椎钙化性椎间盘病的影像表现。结果 16例患均行颈椎平片检查，5例行CT扫描并作了三维重建，8例行MRI检查。16例平片均显示了椎间盘钙化灶，均为单发，CT平扫加三维重建显示4例钙化呈卵圆形，1例钙化为不规则形。MRI检查不仅显示了椎间盘内改变还清晰显示了病变相邻椎体边缘信号改变，在T1、T2加权像上呈低信号。结论 平片检查可以显示椎间盘钙化；CT平扫加三维重建能清晰显示了钙化灶的大小、形态；MRI检查在显示受累椎体及周围组织的改变方面明显优于CT和平片。     

基底动脉尖综合征6例

基底动脉尖综合征(atrum Basilar ArterySyndrom RBAS)是指以基底动脉顶端为中心的5条血管交叉部,由于各种原因引起该区域的循环障碍。病因主要为栓塞和血栓形成,本病以老年人发病为多,平均年龄为65岁,以眩晕、吐和视物模糊为主诉,常有神经眼征。     

双排螺旋CT仿真内窥镜在膀胱癌的应用

目的 探讨螺旋CT仿真膀胱镜(CTVC)对膀胱癌的临床应用价值.方法 对临床具备指征的26例患者,在常规盆腔平扫 增强CT后憋尿延迟15～30分钟,待膀胱充盈造影剂满意后取仰卧位扫描,行膀胱区域薄层螺旋CT扫描,应用工作站采集延长期扫描拆薄的图像行后期处理做成CTVC成像.全部病例有纤维膀胱镜(FC)对照,并将两种检查结果结合手术病理结果作对照分析.结果 26例患者CTVC共发现病灶结节30个,FC镜检发现病灶结节39个,对直径＞0.5cm肿瘤,CTVC可清楚显示,但对肿瘤周围小结节子灶及三角区小滤泡样肿物CTVC均不易捡出,对膀胱肿瘤的显示对比,结果有显著差异(x2=8.03,P=0.0046).对直径≤0.5cm的肿瘤,2例CT轴位像未能发现,但CTVC能显示.对膀胱癌的诊断CTVC的符合率为100%.结论 CTVC图像形象、直观,不仅看见膀胱腔内形状,对浸润范围结合CT轴位及冠矢状位重建也可清晰地显示,诊断膀胱肿瘤具有较好的应用价值.对临床高度怀疑膀胱肿瘤,而常规CT扫描未发现病灶者,应该行CTVC,以减少漏诊.而对于直径≤0.5cm的肿瘤,尽管CTVC可以发现部分病灶,但是相对于纤维膀胱镜,其敏感性仍不够满意.注意层厚、层距的选择,延长憋尿时间,使用合适的窗宽、窗位等,可能有助于提高小病灶的检出.     

小脑出血的临床、CT及预后评估

目的探讨小脑出血的原因、临床特点、CT表现、治疗及预后情况。方法回顾分析32例患者的临床及CT影像资料。结果本病多见于60岁以上,以高血压动脉硬化为主要原因,以突发性眩晕、呕吐为发病的主要症状,头颅CT检查可确诊。预后与患者年龄、出血量、出血部位、意识状态等多种因素密切相关。结论CT扫描可及时准确诊断,避免误诊漏诊,临床上根据患者的综合情况采取不同的救治策略有助于提高疗效,改善预后。