Comparison of clinical efficacy between 3-day combined clavulanate/amoxicillin preparation treatment and 10-day amoxicillin treatment in children with pharyngolaryngitis or tonsillitis

The efficacy of 3-day treatment with a combined clavulanate/amoxicillin preparation (Clavamox combination dry syrup for pediatric cases) and 10-day treatment with amoxicillin against pediatric pharyngolaryngitis and tonsillitis caused by Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus was compared. Among the patients included in the efficacy evaluation (54 from the clavulanate/amoxicillin group and 43 from the amoxicillin group), the clinical response rate on completion of treatment was 98.1 % in the clavulanate/amoxicillin group and 92.9 % in the amoxicillin group, thus supporting the equivalent efficacy of these two therapies. The Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus eradication rate at approximately 1–2 weeks after completion/discontinuation of treatment was 65.4 % in the clavulanate/amoxicillin group and 85.4 % in the amoxicillin group. Even in cases from which the pathogen continued to be isolated, relapse/recurrence of clinical symptoms was seldom seen. Urinalysis, conducted to assess the presence or absence of acute glomerulonephritis, revealed no abnormality in any patient. These results suggest that 3-day treatment with this clavulanate/amoxicillin preparation is expected to provide a valid means of treating pediatric pharyngolaryngitis and tonsillitis caused by Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus.     

不同色谱柱测定阿莫西林胶囊有关物质的差异性研究

目的：研究不同色谱柱测定阿莫西林胶囊有关物质的差异性。方法：柱温、检测波长、流速分别为30℃、254nm、1.0ml/min，流动相 A、B 分别为0.05 mol / L 磷酸盐缓冲液－乙腈（99：1）、0.05 mol / L 磷酸盐缓冲液－乙腈（80：20）。结果：在4个厂家样品中，色谱柱3均具有最大的杂质检出量，而在 A、C、D3个厂家样品中，色谱柱1、2、4具有相似的最大杂质检出量，在 B 厂家样品中，色谱柱2具有较小的最大杂质检出量，色谱柱1、4则具有相似的最大杂质检出量；总杂质的检出情况基本类似于最大杂质的检出情况。在4个厂家样品中，色谱柱3具有最大的总杂质检出量和最多的检出杂质峰，色谱柱2具有最小的总杂质检出量。在 A 厂家样品中，色谱柱1、2、4具有相似的总杂质检出量，在 C、D 厂家样品中，色谱柱1、2、4具有相似的总杂质检出量，在 B 厂家样品中，色谱柱2具有较小的总杂质检出量，色谱柱1、4具有相似的总杂质检出量。结论：不同色谱柱测定阿莫西林胶囊有关物质具有较大的差异，从总体上来看，色谱柱3最好。     

Signal Detection of Adverse Drug Reaction of Amoxicillin Using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database

We conducted pharmacovigilance data mining for a β-lactam antibiotics, amoxicillin, and compare the adverse events (AEs) with the drug labels of 9 countries including Korea, USA, UK, Japan, Germany, Swiss, Italy, France, and Laos. We used the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) database, a nationwide database of AE reports, between December 1988 and June 2014. Frequentist and Bayesian methods were used to calculate disproportionality distribution of drug-AE pairs. The AE which was detected by all the three indices of proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), and information component (IC) was defined as a signal. The KAERS database contained a total of 807,582 AE reports, among which 1,722 reports were attributed to amoxicillin. Among the 192,510 antibiotics-AE pairs, the number of amoxicillin-AE pairs was 2,913. Among 241 AEs, 52 adverse events were detected as amoxicillin signals. Comparing the drug labels of 9 countries, 12 adverse events including ineffective medicine, bronchitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, dry mouth, gastroesophageal reflux, hypercholesterolemia, gastric carcinoma, abnormal crying, induration, pulmonary carcinoma, and influenza-like symptoms were not listed on any of the labels of nine countries. In conclusion, we detected 12 new signals of amoxicillin which were not listed on the labels of 9 countries. Therefore, it should be followed by signal evaluation including causal association, clinical significance, and preventability.     

雷贝拉唑、克拉霉素、阿莫西林、胶体铋剂四联治疗幽门螺杆菌感染慢性胃炎的疗效探讨

目的 探讨雷贝拉唑、克拉霉素、阿莫西林联合胶体铋剂治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的慢性胃炎患者的疗效. 方法 整群选取2013年1月—2014年12月期间该院消化内科门诊或住院患者中明确诊断为幽门螺杆菌阳性的慢性胃炎患者185例,将其随机分成治疗组(n=64)、观察组(n=59)和对照组(n=62),治疗组给予雷贝拉唑、克拉霉素、阿莫西林和胶体铋剂四联治疗,观察组给予雷贝拉唑、克拉霉素、甲硝唑、胶体铋剂四联治疗,对照组给予雷贝拉唑、克林霉素、胶体铋剂三联治疗, 比较3组患者的疗效. 结果 治疗组、 观察组、 对照组幽门螺杆菌根除率分别为92.19%(59/64)、84.75%(50/59)、76.27%(45/59),3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组、观察组、对照组消化道症状缓解率分别为89.06%(57/64)、71.19%(42/59)、为62.90%(39/62),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组、观察组、对照组溃疡愈合率分别为90.63%(58/64)、89.83%(53/59)、80.65%(50/62),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 雷贝拉唑、克拉霉素、阿莫西林联合胶体铋剂治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的慢性胃炎疗效较佳,幽门螺杆菌的根除率、消化道症状缓解率和溃疡愈合率均较高,值得临床推广应用.     

~(13)碳尿素呼吸试验在诊断儿童幽门螺杆菌感染及评价疗效中的应用

目的　探讨13 碳尿素呼吸试验 (13 C UBT)在诊断儿童幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)感染及评价疗效中的应用。方法　应用13 C UBT及血清Hp IgG检测 193例无症状儿童及 34 0例反复腹痛患儿Hp感染状况 ,将两项检测均为阳性的反复腹痛患儿 88例随机分为治疗组 (5 7例 )和安慰剂组 (31例 ) ,接受奥美拉唑、克拉霉素、羟氨苄青霉素 (阿莫西林 )三联治疗 ,疗程 1周。停药后 4周随访。结果　腹痛患儿13 C UBT及Hp IgG阳性率分别为 2 9.1%、5 2 .1% ,显著高于无症状儿 (11.4%、39.4% )。 2～、5～、10～ 14岁三组无症状患儿13 C UBT及Hp IgG阳性率随年龄增加 ,但差异无显著性 ,P >0 .0 5。三组患儿13 C UBT阳性率分别为 2 9%、2 9.1%、30 % ,与年龄无关 ,χ2 =0 .0 4,P >0 .0 5 ;而Hp IgG阳性率随年龄增加 (36 %、5 3.7%、70 % ) ,差异有显著性 ,χ2 =13.16 ,P <0 .0 0 5。 2～、5～ 10岁组 13 C UBT及5～、10～ 14组Hp IgG阳性率 ,腹痛患儿较无症状儿明显增高。治疗后治疗组及安慰剂组腹痛消失或好转的总有效率分别为 97%和 2 6 % ;Hp根除率分别为 88% ,10 % ,两组差异有显著性。结论　 (1)部分患儿反复腹痛与Hp感染密切相关 ,Hp感染随年龄增加 ,但症状性感染与年龄无关。 (2 ) 13 C UBT检测具有方法简单 ,准确性高 ,无损伤等     

注射用阿莫西林钠/舒巴坦钠含量测定方法的研究

本文采用HPLC法测定注射用阿莫西林钠／舒巴坦钠的含量。固定相为ODS柱,流动相为NaH2P04(0．05mol／L)-甲醇(95：5),1mol／L磷酸调pH为3．6,检测波长为230nm。阿莫西林及舒巴坦的回归方程及线性范围分别为：Y=17548276．03X 106939．82 r=0．99991．4-4．8μg;Y=4664450．94X-11941．32 r=0．9994 0．3-2．7。平均回收率分别为100．0％,RSD=0．55％(n=6);99．6％,RSD=0．56％(n=6)。     

奥美拉唑三联疗法治疗小儿消化性溃疡的临床研究

目的 探讨奥美拉唑三联疗法治疗小儿消化性溃疡的临床疗效.方法 选择2020年1月—2021年1月在新郑市中医院就诊治疗的90例消化性溃疡患儿,按照入院先后顺序将所有患儿分为对照组和治疗组,每组各45例.对照组采用雷尼替丁三联疗法进行治疗:口服盐酸雷尼替丁胶囊,3～5 mg/(kg·d),2次/d;口服克拉霉素缓释片,1...     

自拟四逆半夏泻心汤联合西药治疗消化性溃疡35例

[目的]观察自拟四逆半夏泻心汤联合西药治疗消化性溃疡疗效。[方法]将70例随机分为两组各35例,两组均嘱服药期间忌食辛辣刺激之品,调畅情志,避免劳累。对照组奥美拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素口服。治疗组自拟四逆半夏泻心汤加减治疗1剂/d,水煎服。西药治疗同对照组。治疗1疗程(28d),随访3月进行疗效判定。[结果]治疗组痊愈13例,显效16例,有效4例,无效2例,总有效率94.29%,复发率7.69%。对照组痊愈4例,显效6例,有效10例,无效16例,总有效率54.29%,复发率50.00%。总有效率治疗组优于对照组;复发率治疗组优于对照组。[结论]中西医结合治疗消化道溃疡,可提高治愈率,减少复发率。比单一西药治疗效果佳。     

挤出滚圆法制备阿莫西林微丸的处方工艺研究

目的 应用挤出滚圆法制备阿美西林微丸,研究微丸制备的最佳工艺和处方.方法 采用挤出滚圆造粒机制备阿莫西林微丸;采用单因素考察和正交设计筛选最优化处方及工艺条件;评价了微丸的粉体学性质、收率和体外溶出度.结果 用挤出滚圆法制备的阿莫西林微丸在30min内体外溶出均达80%以上,且圆整度好,收率高.结论 挤出滚圆法制备阿莫...     

白及粉、三七粉、乌贼骨粉联合奥美拉唑、阿莫西林治疗胃溃疡疗效观察

目的：观察白及粉、三七粉、乌贼骨粉联合奥美拉唑、阿莫西林在治疗胃溃疡中的作用。方法：118例经胃镜证实为活动性胃溃疡的患者随机分为两组,治疗组60例,对照组58例。对照组应用奥美拉唑20mg,每天1次,阿莫西林1.0g,每天2次。治疗组在对照组基础上加白及粉、三七粉各5.0g,乌贼骨粉2.0g,每天2次,餐前半小时冲服。结果：治疗组的胃溃疡治愈率为95.0%对照组为82.8%,两组间差异有统计学意义。结论：白及粉、三七粉、乌贼骨粉联合奥美拉唑、阿莫西林可减轻炎症反应,保护溃疡面,促进溃疡组织再生的修复作用。