A new balloon catheter for selective cerebral perfusion

Selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) is a better method than hypothermic circulatory arrest for brain protection in aortic arch surgery because of fewer time limitations; however; it is more troublesome during surgery. We developed a new catheter for SCP, the SP Stud catheter, with a rib-surface balloon to reduce slipping to eliminate the need for snaring or clamping. To evaluate the slipping resistance of the new catheter, we compared it with two different balloon catheters; a Foley balloon catheter with a smooth-surface balloon as long as the SP Stud catheter, and a Retro-TH catheter with a smooth-surface balloon of discoid shape half as long as the SP Stud catheter. The “draw-strength”, which refers to the slipping resistance, was measured in 20 autopsy carotid arteries in the three groups. The average draw-strengths of SP Stud catheter, foley balloon catheter, and Retro-TH catheter were 92.3±4.0, 20.8 ±1.5, and 17.9±0.8g, respectively, in sclerotic carotid arteries. The SP Stud catheter demonstrated approximately four times more resistance to slipping than the Foley balloon or Retro-TH catheters. The SP Stud catheter demonstrated a higher slipping resistance than conventional catheters, which may allow selective cerebral perfusion without snaring or clamping the carotid arteries, minimize the change of cerebral embolism, and clear the operative field.     

生物陶瓷材料iRoot SP在不可复性牙髓炎根管填充后疼痛的临床研究

目的:评估iRoot SP在不可复性牙髓炎中根管填充后出现疼痛情况。方法:选取本院不可复性牙髓炎患者80例,按随机数字表分为两组,在常规根管治疗后,试验组及对照组分别采取iRoot SP及AH Plus进行填充,利用VAS评分对比两组患者不同时间点出现不同疼痛分级的患者比例、疼痛程度及因疼痛口服布洛芬比例。结果:术后12h试验组呈现无痛的患者比例较对照组明显更高(21vs10,P=0.012),术后24h试验组出现重度疼痛比例较对照组明显更低(0vs6,P=0.034)。与对照组相比,iRoot在不同时间段均能有效降低患者术后疼痛程度(P<0.001)。然而两组患者因疼痛口服止痛药比例无明显差异。结论:iRoot SP可以明显降低不可复性牙髓炎患者根管治疗后早期出现疼痛机率及疼痛严重程度。     

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-like immunoreactivity in human trigeminal ganglion and nucleus

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is shown by immunohistochemistry in human trigeminal sensory system from 22 weeks of gestation to adulthood. In the trigeminal ganglion, a distinct subpopulation of GDNF-positive neurones is observed, which amounts to about 15% at early pre-term and adult ages and peaks to around 30% at perinatal ages. Labelled neurones are mostly small- and medium-sized. Occasionally, Schwann and satellite cells are stained. GDNF/substance P (SP) and GDNF/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) double stained neurones occur at all ages examined, whereas GDNF/trkA coexistence can be observed in pre- and full-term newborns only. Centrally, GDNF-immunostained fibers and terminal-like structures are mainly restricted to the spinal trigeminal nucleus, where they are codistributed with SP and CGRP. In the subnucleus caudalis, positive neurones can also be observed both in the superficial laminae and in the magnocellular part, with higher frequency in adults. These results suggest that GDNF may play a functional role in human trigeminal primary sensory neurones throughout life and provide indication for its possible involvement in the regulation of pain-related neuronal circuits in human trigeminal sensory system.     

四种调理脾胃药对大鼠胃肠激素影响的差异性研究

目的:探讨四种经典的调理脾胃方药对大鼠胃肠激素的影响。方法:SD大鼠,分别胃饲补中益气汤、大承气汤、归牌汤、温胆汤、双蒸水,用药15天后,放免法测大鼠小肠、血液中SS、SP、VIP、NPY的含量。结果:补中益气汤可显著升高小肠及血液SS的含量;大承气汤可显著升高小肠SS、降低小肠SP、降低小肠和血液VIP的含量;归脾汤可显著升高血液SS、降低小肠和血液SP、降低小肠VIP的含量。     

营分证与SP、vip等生物活性物质的相关性及研究

通过查阅相关文献资料 ,回顾分析了营分证的病理和生理过程 ,并对其与生物活性物质的相关性进行了探讨 ,为寻求营分证的客观指标、揭示营分证的本质提供新的思想方法与途径。     

针刺足阳明经穴对大鼠胃运动影响及其与P物质的关系

为了探讨针刺足阳明经穴有运动的调整作用是否与脑肠肽中的Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）有关。以乙醇灌胃造成大鼠胃粘膜损伤模型,气囊法测量胃运动频率和波幅的变化率,采用放免分析法（ＲＩＡ）检测大鼠胃窦及延髓ＳＰ含量。结果显示：模型组胃运动频率和波幅呈抑制状态,胃窦ＳＰ含量降低,延髓ＳＰ含量升高;针刺四白、天枢、足三里穴可促进胃运动恢复,且天枢、足三里组胃ＳＰ含量升高,延髓ＳＰ含量呈下降趋势,针刺非穴组对胃运动和ＳＰ影     

Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is extremely common in older adults and the potential benefits of secondary prevention are perhaps greater in this population than in younger patients. While there is good evidence that secondary prevention efforts are justified in patients up to 80 years of age, limited data are available on secondary prevention in octogenarians and there is no evidence to guide treatment in patients ≥ 90 years of age. Further, the value of secondary prevention may be confounded by prevalent comorbidities, polypharmacy, and limited life expectancy. It is therefore essential that all management decisions be made in relation to individual preferences and goals of care, with understanding by patients that benefits as well as risks may increase with age. Furthermore, research is needed to refine markers to better delineate which older adults are most likely to benefit from preventive therapies.