Experimental study and clinical use of poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion as liquid embolisation material

A new material, an emulsion of poly(vinyl acetate) was experimentally developed and clinically used to overcome several disadvantages in currently used liquid embolisation materials. The emulsion microparticles, 0.3–0.7 m in size, possessed cationic charge on the surface and hence aggregated immediately on contact with fluids containing anions. This inert polymer has the advantage that it does not induce a deleterious reaction in living tissue. Moreover, its medium is water and it is not adhesive, like the cyanoacrylates. Several concentrations of emulsion were injected into the renal arteries of dogs. For the investigation of tissue reactions and the possibility of recanalisation, the emulsion was injected into rats both subcutaneously and into the renal arteries. The renal artery injections in dogs showed adequate radiopacity and consistent complete occlusion. The lower the concentration of the emulsion, the smaller the arteries which could be occluded. Even at very low concentrations, however, venous occlusion did not occur. Histological study of the embolised rat kidney revealed no detectable damage in the vessel wall and no recanalisation for up to 6 months. The subcutaneously injected PVAc emulsion elicited mononuclear cell infiltration and gradual centripetal fibrosis, without any deleterious effect on the surrounding tissue. A cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was embolised using the material. Histology of the resected nidus showed findings similar to those in the animal experiments.     

Vitamin A status of socio-economically backward children

A comprehensive survey was carried out to asses the Vitamin A status of pre-school (0–6 yrs.) and school age (6–12 yrs.) children of socio-economically backward families from slums of Bombay and its suburbs. The Vitamin A, protein, calories and iron from the rice and dal based diet was found to be below recommended dietary allowances (RDA). Among the 1956 children surveyed 20% of the children showed low (<20 μg/dl) serum vitamin A levels. 4.8% of the children were suffering from one or the other signs of Vitamin A deficiency. Rose Bengal stain test (RBST) and conjuctival impression cytology (CIC) indicted the signs of mild conjuctival xerosis and of early epithelial changes which were correlated with serum vitamin A levels. Serum iron, PCV, Hb and RBC levels were below normal. The anthropometric measurements of these children were below 50th percentile of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) standards. Due to lack of proper nutrition, the overall growth of children is either retarded or not upto the standard levels as was noted in majority of the children.     

延迟焦化装置综合优化控制策略的开发和应用

综合采用延迟焦化优化系统静态寻优值作为炉出口温度的设定基准值,在线实行急冷油程序控制和炉出口温度程序控制,开发了延迟焦化装置物料平衡的综合优化控制策略。并成功地应用在工业装置上。     

材料力学性能对人颞下颌关节力三维非线性模拟的影响

比较分析骨性结构和关节盘的材料力学性能对在活性基础上建立的人颞下颌关节（Ｔｅｍｐｏｒｏ－ｍａｎｄｉｂｕｌａｒｊｏｉｎｔ,ＴＭＪ）三维非线性有限元模型模拟ＴＭＪ力的影响。方法利用Ａｕｔｏ－ＣＡＤ软件及螺旋ＣＴ扫描技术与有限元应力分析方法的相结合在活性基础上建立ＴＭＪ三维非线性有元模拟型并比较下颌骨,关节窝和关节盘选用不同材料力学性能时关节内应力的变化。结果骨组织的各种向同性和各向异性特征使组成ＴＭＪ     

疝环充填无张力疝修补术（附50例报道）

目的 观察疝环充填无张力疝修补术的临床应用效果。方法 疝囊做高位剥离而不做高位结扎,用美国Bard公司生产的锥形疝环充填 物充填内环,再用该公司生产的成型补片于精溃后方贴补腹肥肉沟管后壁,其它步骤同传统的手术方法。结果 本组50例,手术时间为30-770分钟,平均40分钟。随访1年效果良好,未见并发症。结论 疝环充填无张力疝修补术具有疼痛轻微、复发率低以及术后恢复快等优点。     

Crystalluria in marathon runners

Summary In order to investigate further the possible relationship between urinary stone formation and marathon running, the crystalluria in seven male, stone forming runners was characterized. Particle size distribution curves (Coulter counter) and crystal number, size and morphology (scanning electron microscopy) were measured. These studies suggest that urinary stone formation may be accelerated in those subjects with previous histories of renal stone formation but that the nature of the crystalluria is favourably affected by an increase in fluid intake. The presence of large quantities of mucoid material in the urine of natural stone formers and its absence in the urine of stone-forming runners is cited as evidence for the existence of different aetiological mechanisms in these groups. It is concluded that while natural stone formers may be at chronic risk of stone formation due to pathological factors, marathon runners may be at acute risk due to factors associated with long distance running itself.     

人工材料在腹壁切口疝修补术中的应用

目的 探讨人工材料聚丙烯补片在腹壁切口疝修补术中的应用及其疗效。方法 回顾性分析和总结5年来41例病人施行人工材料修复腹壁切口疝的临床资料。结果 本组38例病人得到随访。全组无复发病例，有2例病人术后发生切口感染并窦道形成，均经再次手术治愈。结论 人工材料对于腹壁切口疝的修补有良好的疗效．但应严格做好术中无菌操作和积极围手术期处理。     

超临界流体萃取法在生物样品前处理中的应用

1　前言生物样品的前处理是体内药物分析的一个重要环节 ,也是整个分离分析过程中最繁琐的一个步骤。与原料药物和制剂相比 ,生物样品更为复杂 :微量药物分布在大量生物介质中 ,对分析仪器的灵敏度提出了更高的要求 ;样品中含有大量内源性物质 ,不仅能与药物及其代谢物结合 ,而     

天然多糖材料微囊肾动脉栓塞对肾功能和形态的影响

目的: 研究海藻酸钠-壳聚糖微囊肾动脉栓塞对肾功能和形态的影响.方法: 以天然多糖材料海藻酸钠与壳聚糖制备的海藻酸钠-壳聚糖微囊(ACM)为栓塞剂,采用经导管介入治疗技术进行兔肾动脉栓塞,于术前及术后1,2,4及8周检测血常规、肾功能及肾脏病理变化.结果: 手术前后,动物的血常规各项指标均在正常范围内波动;术后初期肾功能有所下降,1周后基本恢复正常.从血管造影与病理组织学检查结果看,健侧肾未发生任何变化,栓侧肾随栓塞时间延长出现大片弥漫性凝固性坏死,体积与重量不断减小,未出现血管再通且无侧支循环形成.结论: ACM具有良好的血管栓塞作用,使用方便,是一种较理想的血管栓塞剂.     

中药材肉桂的X衍射Fourier谱分析

为鉴别中药材肉桂与川桂、少花桂和其伪品三钻风，本文应用粉末Ｘ射线衍射分析技术测定了１０个样品的Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ（付里叶）图谱。分析结果表明１０个样品各自具有表现其所含化学成分总体特征的衍射图谱。并构成衍射模糊图形（定性）与特征标记峰（定量）的图谱特征。根据这些特征达到在衍射空间鉴别中药材的目的。