清肠化湿方治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效及对ESR，PLT，D-二聚体的影响

目的：观察清肠化湿方治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效及治疗前后血沉（ESR）、血小板（PLT）、D-二聚体等指标的变化情况,评价其诱导缓解及对凝血指标的改善作用。方法：将59例确诊为轻、中度活动期溃疡性结肠炎且中医辨证属湿热内蕴证的患者分为中药治疗组和美沙拉嗪对照组。中药组予清肠化湿方口服及中药灌肠;美沙拉嗪组活动期予美沙拉嗪肠溶片4 g·d^-1口服,病情缓解后改为1.5 g·d^-1维持治疗。疗程共12周,治疗结束后评价总有效率、主要症状消失率、肠镜疗效及对ESR,PLT,D-二聚体等指标的影响。结果：中药组总有效率高于美沙拉嗪组（93.3% vs 79.3%,P<0.05）,主要症状便血及腹泻的消失率均优于美沙拉嗪组消失率（82.8% vs 58.6%,85.7% vs 60.0%,P<0.05）,肠镜疗效优于美沙拉嗪组（P<0.05）。中药组对于患者ESR,PLT的改善程度均优于美沙拉嗪组（P<0.05）,但是尚不能说明中药对于D-二聚体的改善优于美沙拉嗪组。结论：清肠化湿方是轻、中度溃疡性结肠炎有效且安全的治疗方案,在诱导缓解、改善症状、改善ESR,PLT等相关指标等方面优于美沙拉嗪。但是本研究未能发现中药对于D-二聚体的改善优于美沙拉嗪组。     

Effect of Yishen Huayu Fang on kidney tissue E-cadherin expression in unilateral ureter ligation in rats

OBJECTIVE:To observe E-calcium sticky protein(E-cadherin) expression in kidney tissues in a rat model of unilateral ureter ligation and the effect of Yishen Huayu Fang(formula of tonifying the kidney and dissolving accumulated blood stasis) on the expression.METHODS:A total of 150 clean grade male rats were randomly divided into a control group,model group,low-dose Yishen Huayu Fang group(low-dose group),high-dose Yishen Huayu Fang group(high-dose group),and Lotensin group.A renal fibrosis model was established with unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).Pathological changes of rat renal tissue were observed with light microscopy on days 3,7,14,21,and 28 after UUO.Changes in kidney tissue E-cadherin expression were observed with immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Three days after modeling,kidney edema appeared followed by gradual inflammatory cell infiltration,and part of the small tubules disappeared while the renal cortex thinned.Meanwhile,the E-cadherin expression level dropped,which was negatively correlated with the obstruction time.After intervention,E-cadherin expression was increased in all treatment groups(P<0.01 or P<0.05),while there were no significant differences between the high-dose and Lotensin groups.CONCLUSION:Yishen Huayu Fang delays the renal fibrosis process by promoting E-cadherin expression in renal tissues and reducing extracellular matrix deposition.     

Enhanced retention and anti-tumor efficacy of liposomes by changing their cellular uptake and pharmacokinetics behavior

Although PEGylated liposome-based drug delivery systems hold great promising applications for cancer therapy due to their prolonged blood circulation time, PEGylation significantly reduces their cellular uptake, which markedly impairs the in vivo tumor retention and antitumor efficiency of drug-loaded liposomes. Most importantly, it has been proved that repeated injections of PEGylated liposomes with cell cycle specific drug such as topotecan (TPT) in the same animal at certain time intervals will induce “accelerated blood clearance” (ABC) phenomenon, which decreases the tumor accumulation of drug-loaded liposomes and presents a tremendous challenge to the clinical use of liposome-based drug delivery systems. Herein, we developed a zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine) (PCB) modified liposome-based drug delivery system. The presence of PCB could avoid protein adsorption and enhance the stability of liposomes as that for PEG. Quite different from the PEGylated liposomes, the pH-sensitive PCBylated liposomes were internalized into cells via endocytosis with excellent cellular uptake and drug release ability. Furthermore, the PCBylated liposomes would avoid ABC phenomenon, which promoted the tumor accumulation of drug-loaded liposomes in vivo. With higher tumor accumulation and cellular uptake, the PCBylated drug-loaded liposomes significantly inhibited tumor growth and provided a promising approach for cancer therapy.     

椎体成形术后相邻椎体骨折病因与预防策略的研究进展

椎体成形术是治疗椎体压缩性骨折的有效方法,但越来越多的文献报道术后其相邻椎体出现了新发骨折,并已引起临床医生的广泛关注,但两者之间究竟是否存在因果关系,目前尚无定论。椎体成形术后相邻椎体骨折的可能原因有椎体机械力学、椎体填充剂及临床等因素,主要与相邻椎体刚度和强度的改变、骨水泥的外渗、椎体自身骨质疏松等因素相关。本文针对上述原因,从相邻椎体预防性应用骨水泥、同一骨折椎体再次PVP治疗及开发新型填充剂等方面探讨其预防的策略并对此作一综述。     

Effect of yishen huayu fang on kidney tissue E-cadherin expression in unilateral ureter ligation in rats

[OBJECTIVE]:To observe E-calcium sticky protein (E-cadherin) expression in kidney tissues in a rat model of unilateral ureter ligation and the effect of Yishen Huayu Fang (formula oftonifying the kidney and dissolving accumulated blood stasis) on the expression.[METHODS]:A total of 150 clean grade male rats were randomly divided into a control group,model group,low-dose Yishen Huayu Fang group (low-dose group),high-dose Yishen Huayu Fang group (high-dose group),and Lotensin group.A renal fibrosis model was established with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).Pathological changes of rat renal tissue were observed with light microscopy on days 3,7,14,21,and 28 after UUO.Changes in kidney tissue E-cadherin expression were observed with immunohistochemistry.[RESULTS]:Three days after modeling,kidney edema appeared followed by gradual inflammatory cell infiltration,and part of the small tubules disappeared while the renal cortex thinned.Meanwhile,the E-cadherin expression level dropped,which was negatively correlated with the obstruction time.After intervention,E-cadherin expression was increased in all treatment groups (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences between the high-dose and Lotensin groups.[CONCLUSION]:Yishen Huayu Fang delays the renal fibrosis process by promoting E-cadherin expression in renal tissues and reducing extracellular matrix deposition.     

针药结合对糖尿病胃轻瘫患者空腹血浆Ghrelin水平的影响

目的:通过观察糖尿病合并胃轻瘫症状患者空腹血浆Ghrelin水平的变化,探讨血浆Ghrelin与糖尿病胃轻瘫的关系及针药结合治疗对其的影响。方法:糖尿病无胃轻瘫症状患者35例为对照组;糖尿病合并胃轻瘫症状患者70例随机分为针药结合治疗组35例,莫沙比利治疗组35例。检测和比较针药结合治疗组和莫沙比利治疗组治疗28d前后血浆Ghrelin以及平均血糖(MBG)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)、低血糖次数等指标的改变。结果:糖尿病胃轻瘫组患者的空腹血浆Ghrelin水平明显低于糖尿病无胃轻瘫组(P<0.05),其平均血糖(MBG)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)、低血糖次数也明显高于糖尿病无胃轻瘫组(P<0.05);治疗28d后两治疗组平均血糖(MBG)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)、低血糖次数均较治疗前有明显降低(P<0.05),空腹血浆Ghrelin水平高于治疗前水平(P<0.05),其中针药结合治疗组上述各指标的变化均大于莫沙比利治疗组(P<0.05)。结论:①糖尿病胃轻瘫患者存在血浆Ghrelin水平低下,可能与血糖波动等多因素有关;②针药结合治疗较单纯莫沙比利能更有效改善糖尿病胃轻瘫症状及减少血糖波动,其机...     

二仙汤及加减方治疗骨质疏松症的研究进展

骨质疏松症因骨量减少,易于发生骨折而成为影响我国居民健康的一种重要因素。中医药方法诸如二仙汤等治疗骨质疏松症以其副作用小,标本兼顾的特点愈发成为临床的一种治疗趋势。笔者通过整理关于二仙汤及加减方的实验与临床研究,介绍二仙汤及加减方治疗骨质疏松症的显著疗效,并对研究的可取与相对不足之处作出讨论,希望未来医务工作者们对相关实验与临床的研究能够更加深入。同时,提出联合治疗等方式,以期二仙汤及加减方为代表的中医药方法能够在临床上更加广泛的运用于骨质疏松症的治疗。     

葛根总黄酮体外诱导SHI-1细胞凋亡的分子机制

本研究旨在探讨葛根总黄酮（puerariaeradixflavoues,PRF）对人急性单核细胞白血病细胞株SHI-1凋亡的影响及其可能分子机制．以不同浓度PRF在不同时间作用于SHI-1细胞,MTT检测细胞增殖抑制率,流式细胞术检测细胞周期,实时定量PCR检测Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9、Bcl-2及MLL-A跖融合基因mRNA的表达,Westernblot检测MAPK、P-MAPK及NF-κB凋亡相关通路蛋白的表达,明胶酶谱法检测细胞培养上清中MMP的活性。结果表明,PRF 呈时间-剂量依赖性抑制sHI-1细胞增殖,使细胞阻滞于s期。以25、50及75μg／ml的PRF分别处理SHI-1细胞,Caspase-3、Caspase-8及Caspase-9在mRNA水平呈浓度依赖性上升（P〈0．05）,Bcl-2呈浓度依赖性下降但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而融合基因MLL-AF6的mRNA与对照组相比无明显变化。将不同浓度PRF作用于SHI-1细胞,胞内JNK、P-JNK、P38MAPK及P-P38MAPK的表达均呈浓度依赖性上升（P〈0．01）;p-ERK1/2及NF-κB的表达则呈浓度依赖性下降（P〈0．01）;另细胞培养上清中MMP-2及MMP-9的活性在各处理组中基本不变。结论：一定浓度PRF可体外诱导SHI-1细胞的凋亡,具体分子机制可能与活化Caspases水解酶、激活MAPK、下调NF-κB及Bcl-2等信号分子有关,而与MLL-AF6融合基因无明显相关性。     

甘草抗肿瘤活性成分研究近况

甘草为常用的中草药,现代药理表明,甘草除具有镇咳、镇痛、抗溃疡、抗炎、抗变态反应等作用外,还有明显的抗肿瘤作用。文章对近10多年来国内外学者对甘草各有效成分的抗肿瘤作用研究作一综述。     

丹红注射液与丹参注射液、红花注射液主要共有物质含量的比较分析

目的：比较分析丹红注射液与丹参注射液、红花注射液中主要共有物质的含量,明确丹红注射液中主要物质的组分结构。方法：采用高效液相色谱法,选用Agilent Eclipse XDB C₁₈（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）色谱柱,乙腈-0.4%甲酸水溶液流动相梯度洗脱,数据统计分析及作图采用GraphPad Prism 6。结果：该方法测定了丹红注射液中12种主要物质基础的含量,并将其与丹参注射液中的11种共有成分和红花注射液中的2种共有成分进行比较。丹红注射液中含量较高者为腺苷、5-羟甲基糠醛、丹参素、原儿茶醛、咖啡酸、p-香豆酸、阿魏酸、丹酚酸D、迷迭香酸、紫草酸、丹酚酸B和丹酚酸A。除迷迭香酸和紫草酸,与丹参注射液、红花注射液中的主要共有物质基础均有极显著性差异。结论：该测定方法简便易行,准确度、稳定性均较好。含量测定比较后确证丹红注射液中含量较高的主要物质基础基本为来自丹参中的酚酸类化合物,少量为来自红花中的核苷类和酚类化合物,且部分活性较强的物质组分结构存在显著性差异,这可能是丹红注射液与丹参注射液、红花注射液药效差异的原因。而5-羟甲基糠醛不是三者安全差异的主要原因,但其是否为丹红注射液发生不良反应的风险因素仍待进一步研究确证。