心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ测定对于不稳定型心绞痛患者微小心肌损伤的临床价值

目的 探讨血清心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ（cTnⅠ）测定对不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）患者微小心肌损伤的诊断及预后评估的临床价值.方法 60例UAP患者（UAP组）测定血清cTnⅠ含量,以cTnⅠ≥0.1 μgL为cTnⅠ阳性组,cTnⅠ＜0.1μg/L为cTnⅠ阴性组,分析其基本临床资料、冠状动脉病变、心脏事件的相关性.另选取同期健康体检者40例作为对照组.结果 UAP组cTnⅠ阳性率（35.0％,21/60）明显高于对照组（0）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.cTnⅠ阳性组冠状动脉多支病变和/或高度狭窄发生率（19.0％,4/21）高于cTnⅠ阴性组（5.1％,2/39）,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;90 d内心脏事件发生率cTnⅠ阳性组（33.3％,7/21）明显高于cTnⅠ阴性组（5.1％,2/39）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 血清低水平cTnⅠ是反映微小心肌损伤的敏感和特异指标,cTnⅠ定量测定对UAP患者危险分层及预后评价有重要意义.     

一体化链式急救措施结合Orem自理干预模式在糖尿病伴创伤性骨折患者中的应用价值

目的分析一体化链式急救措施结合Orem自理干预模式对糖尿病(DM)伴创伤性骨折患者救治情况及生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)评分、心理健康自评量表(SAS/SDS)评分的影响。方法选取中国医科大学附属第一医院2017年1月-2019年4月收治的120例DM合并创伤性骨折患者,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组60例。对照组采用常规护理方案,观察组在对照组的基础上采用一体化链式急救措施结合Orem自理干预模式护理。记录两组患者的抢救成功率、急救时间,比较两组入组时、治疗2周及治疗1个月时的空腹血糖水平。治疗1个月后,对患者家属满意度及疾病相关知识知晓率进行调查,并记录患者的并发症发生情况。入组后及治疗3个月时采用GQOLI-74评分量表、SAS/SDS评分量表对患者生活质量及心理状态进行评估。结果观察组的抢救成功率为100.00%,明显高于对照组的95.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的病情评估时间、生命体征判断时间及基本生命支持抢救时间均明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗2周及治疗1个月时的血糖水平为(6.74±0.61)、(6.32±0.54)mmol/L,明显低于对照组的(7.58±0.55)、(7.11±0.38)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后的满意率及疾病相关知识知晓率为93.33%、100.00%,明显高于对照组的80.00%、88.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗3个月时GQOLI-74评分中的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能及物质功能分别为(74.59±6.17)、(77.84±6.18)、(70.29±5.02)、(77.34±7.39)分,明显高于对照组的(67.85±5.75)、(69.43±6.05)、(66.12±4.95)、(70.93±6.55)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗3个月时的SAS评分及SDS评分为(34.28±5.03)、(35.58±5.73)分,明显低于对照组的(45.54±5.65)、(44.73±6.15)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后的并发症发生率为5.00%,明显低于对照组的18.33%,差异有统计学意义(P相似文献   

慕课在产科住院医师规范化培训中的应用

目的产科住院医师工作繁忙,很难进行大规模的规范化培训,因此需要形式灵活、不受时间和场地限制的先进的培训方法。慕课是通过互联网平台进行的由国家教育部门重点推荐的教育模式,文章将慕课应用于产科住院医师培训工作,探讨其教学效果。方法选择在科室进行住院医师规范化培训的医师,随机分为实验组(100人)和对照组(100人),对照组采用常规小讲座、临床实践方法进行住院医师规范化培训,实验组采用慕课教学模式,3个月后,比较两组住院医考试成绩和住院医主观评价结果。结果实验组住院医理论考试成绩和和技能考试成绩均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组住院医对慕课主观评价较高。结论慕课将传统被动的授课模式改为积极主动的学习模式,利用碎片化时间学习,并重视个性化教学,在产科住院医师规范化培训过程中起到了很好的效果。     

中药敷贴联合消肿祛瘀方治疗术后肛周脓肿临床观察

目的探讨中药敷贴联合自拟消肿祛瘀方治疗术后肛周脓肿的临床效果。方法选取2017年1月-2019年2月在沈阳市肛肠医院就诊的80例术后肛周脓肿患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,对照组40例采取常规治疗,试验组40例在对照组的基础上使用中药敷贴联合自拟消肿祛瘀方进行治疗,比较2组患者治疗后的渗出物消失时间、水肿消失时间、疼痛消失时间、创面愈合时间。结果试验组渗出物消失时间、水肿消失时间、疼痛消失时间、创面愈合时间均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采取中药敷贴联合自拟消肿祛瘀方治疗术后肛周脓肿,可以有效提高临床症状,值得在临床推广。     

Low dose naltrexone (LDN) enhances maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs)

It has been demonstrated previously that immune cell activation and proliferation were sensitive to the effects of naltrexone, a non-peptidic δ-opioid receptor selective antagonist and opioid receptors on BMDCs have been detected [1]. However, there is little prior data published on naltrexone and DCs. Therefore, we hypothesized that LDN could exert modulating effect on BMDCs. In present study, we studied influence of LDN on both phenotypic and functional maturation of BMDCs. Changes of BMDC post-treatment with LDN were evaluated using conventional light microscope and transmission electron microscopy (TEM); flow cytometry(FCM); cytochemistry; acid phosphatase activity(ACP) test; FITC-dextran bio-assay; mixed lymphocytes and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We have found that LDN enhances maturation of BMDCs as evidenced by 1) up-regulating the expression of MHC II, CD40, CD83, CD80 and CD86 molecules on BMDCs; 2) down-regulating the rates of pinocytosis and phagocytosis accompanied by the results of decreased ACP, and FITC-dextran bio-assay; 3) mounting potential of BMDCs to drive T cell; and 4) inducing secretion of higher levels of IL-12 and TNF-α. It is therefore concluded that LDN can efficiently promote the maturation of BMDCs via precise modulation inside and outside BMDCs. Our study has provided meaningful mode of action on the role of LDN in immunoregulation, and rationale on future application of LDN for enhancing host immunity in cancer therapy and potent use in the design of DC-based vaccines for a number of diseases.     

病理学课程整合及教学改革的研究与应用

病理学课程整合为传统基础医学教育提供了许多值得借鉴的方法。立足于传统的病理学教学,比较其与整合课程的异同,从教学内容、教学方法、辅助教学、辅助教学资料、课外活动及考试等方面提出如何将整合课程的有益经验应用于传统病理学的教学方案。     

泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌碳青霉烯酶基因型研究

目的 研究医院泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌(PDRAB)不同克隆的耐药性及碳青霉烯酶基因型特征,为有效治疗和控制PDRAB医院感染提供参考资料.方法 应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)技术对PDRAB进行分子分型,E试验法检测PDRAB各克隆最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值,聚合酶链反应(PCR)及核酸测序确定PDRAB各克隆碳青霉烯酶基因型. 结果 90株PDRAB分子分型出现A、B、C、D、E 5种克隆,A、C克隆出现亚型,A、C、E克隆为主要流行株,分别占 70.0％、7.8％、l4.4％；各型克隆均对多黏菌素B敏感,部分流行克隆对米诺环素、阿米卡星敏感,其余抗菌药物均表现高水平耐药；A、C及C亚型克隆携带blaOXA-23、bla OXA-51和blaPER-1基因,A亚型、D克隆携带blaOXA-23和blaPER-1基因,B克隆携带blaOXA-51和blaPER-1基因,E克隆携带blaOXA-23、blaOXA-51和blaGIM-1基因,未发现携带blaOXA-24、blaOXA-58、blaIMP、blaVIM及blaSPM-1基因的PDRAB克隆.结论 医院PDRAB流行克隆存在多样性,各克隆耐药表型及碳青霉烯酶基因型有所不同,产生OXA-23酶和PER-1金属酶是该地区PDRAB耐药的主要机制.     

Subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with the presence of hypertension

Background and aimsNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, it is unclear whether NAFLD contributes independently to the development of CV disease. Our study aimed at assessing the differences in several indices of atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness and cardiac morphology among patients with isolated NAFLD, isolated hypertension (HT) or a combination of the two conditions.Methods and resultsA total of 169 participants (mean age = 50.4 ± 10.2 yrs; males = 73.6%) were divided according to the presence of NAFLD and HT into three groups: only NAFLD (55 patients), only HT (49 patients), and NAFLD + HT (65 patients). Exclusion criteria were a BMI≥35 kg/m² and a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Carotid ultrasonography was performed to measure markers of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. Cardiac remodeling was analyzed using echocardiography. The prevalence of subclinical and overt atherosclerosis was significantly higher in the NAFLD + HT patients as compared to the other two groups (atherosclerotic plaques: 43.1%, 10.9%, and 22.4% (p < 0.001) in NAFLD + HT, NAFLD, and HT groups, respectively). No differences were found among indices of arterial stiffening and cardiac remodeling across the three groups. In multivariate regression analysis, the coexistence of NAFLD and HT was an independent risk factor for overt atherosclerosis (OR = 4.88, CI 95% 1.14–20.93), while no association was found when either NAFLD or HT was considered alone.ConclusionOvert atherosclerosis was significantly present only in NAFLD + HT patients, but not in patients with isolated NAFLD. This implies that the impact of NAFLD on vascular structure and function could depend on the coexistence of other major CV risk factors, such as HT.     

The accuracy of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index for the screening of metabolic syndrome in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

AimsTo investigate the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel surrogate index of insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a systematic review and meta-analysis.Data synthesisStudies that report the TyG index in adult subjects with and without MetS were included. Thirteen observational articles were included in this study, with a total of 49,325 participants. Two different categories of meta-analyses were performed. First, the means of the TyG index were compared in participants with and without MetS. The pooled mean difference (MD) of the TyG index between groups was 0.83 units (CI 95: 0.74–0.92, I2 = 98, P-value < 0.001), and the subgroup analyses showed MD significantly differed based on the MetS diagnostic criteria. The pooled MD were 0.80 units (CI 95: 0.70–0.91, I2 = %88, P-value < 0.001) and 0.82 units (CI 95: 0.79–0.86, I2 = %0, P-value > 0.767) for studies reported data for males and females individual, respectively. Second bivariate diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) meta-analysis was performed and determined that the TyG index's pooled sensitivity and specificity for screening of MetS were 80% (CI95: 75%–84%, I2 = 87%, P-value < 0.001) and 81% (CI95: 77%–84%, I2 = 90.45%, P-value < 0.001), respectively. Summary receiver-operating characteristics (sROC) curves were also plotted with the area under the sROC curve of 0.87 (CI 95: 0.84–0.90).ConclusionsThe TyG index is a sensitive and specific index for MetS and may be valuable for MetS screening.ProsperoCRD42022316209.     

多囊卵巢综合征与自身免疫性甲状腺病相关性研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）和自身免疫性甲状腺病（AITD）都是常见的内分泌疾病,都可以对人体健康带来严重 的影响。越来越多的研究证实,PCOS患者易合并AITD,而AITD的发生也对女性的生殖功能有一定影响。虽然2种 疾病的发病机制目前还不是十分明确,但遗传因素、自身免疫、胰岛素抵抗、相关激素异常、维生素D缺乏和肠道菌群 失调等均可能起到一定作用。文章将对PCOS和AITD的相关性做一阐述。