复方丁香凝胶的制备及疗效观察

目的制备复方丁香凝胶并进行临床疗效观察。方法应用蒸馏法及水提法提取丁香中有效成分,采用分散法制备凝胶剂;以红霉素软膏为对照品,临床观察该制剂治疗口唇疱疹的疗效。结果凝胶剂黏稠度适中,性质稳定。实验组显效率为93.75%,对照组显效率67.85%,两组差异有显著性(P<0.05),实验组明显优于对照组。结论该处方及制备工艺合理,治疗口唇疱疹疗效显著。     

喉癌组织中DcR3蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨诱捕受体3（DcR3）在喉癌组织中的表达及其与各临床病理因素的关系。方法：采用流式细胞术检测41例喉癌组织和41例相应癌旁组织中的DcR3的表达，并以15例非喉癌患者喉部正常黏膜组织作对照。结果：①喉癌组织中DcR3蛋白的表达量及阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁组织及正常喉黏膜组织（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），癌旁组织及正常喉黏膜组织的表达差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；②DcR3蛋白的表达与喉癌组织中的淋巴结转移、临床分期、分化程度有相关性（均P〈0．05）；与临床分型、肿瘤大小、吸烟量、年龄和性别无相关性（均P〉0．05）。结论：DcR3蛋白的高表达可促进喉癌的发生、发展，其蛋白检测可作为判断喉癌分化、浸润、转移、分期的重要指标。     

Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat hippocampus following focal cerebral ischemic injury

BACKGROUND： The functional role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） is enhanced following cerebral ischemic injury providing neurons with an important self-protection mechanism in early stage ischemia/hypoxia. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the expression pattern of BDNF in different rat hippocampal regions following focal cerebral ischemic injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： We performed a comparative and neurobiological study of animals in the Department of Histology and Embryology and the Central Laboratory, Hebei Medical University from March to December 2003. MATERIALS： Forty healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a cerebral ischemia group and a sham operation group, with 20 rats per group. METHODS： In the cerebral ischemia group, we occluded the right middle cerebral artery with a suture, threading it to a depth of 17-19 mm. In the sham operation group, the threading depth was approximately 10mm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： We analyzed the expression of BDNF in different hippocampal regions by immunohistochemical staining of brain sections taken on post-operative days 7, 14, 21 and 30. RESULTS： Sham operation group： We observed a number of a few BDNF-positive cells with light staining in the hippocampal CA1 CA4 regions and dentate gyms. Cerebral ischemia group： compared with the sham operation group, BDNF increased on day 7, significantly increased on day 14, and reached a peak on day 21 （P 〈 0.05）. Furthermore, irnmunologically reactive products were darkly stained, and neurons had long axons. BDNF was particularly highly expressed in the hippocampal CA3 and CA4 regions and dentate gyms. CONCLUSION： Cerebral ischemic injury can damage hippocampal neurons. Neurons can increase their anti-ischemic capacity by increasing BDNF expression in the hippocampal CA3 and CA4 regions and dentate gyms.     

肠道小RNA病毒组所致脑膜炎的病原体特点及其诊断

目的探索肠道小RNA病毒组所致病毒性脑膜炎的病原体特点及诊断方法。方法病毒性脑膜炎患者(病脑组)和非病毒性脑膜炎患者(对照组)为观测对象,应用反转录聚合酶链反应技术(RT-PCR)检测脑脊液标本肠道小RNA病毒组及柯萨奇病毒(COX)。结果病脑组肠道小RNA病毒组总检出率为34.5%,其中COX为29.1%;对照组未检出此类病毒。结论RT-PCR是检测肠道小RNA病毒较实用的方法,肠道小RNA病毒组尤其是其中的COX是导致病脑的重要病原体,应列为病脑病原体常规检测。     

血管内皮细胞生长因子和c-Fos在单基因遗传自然发病型糖尿病小鼠颌下腺中的表达

目的:观察血管内皮细胞生长因子和c-Fos蛋白在db/db自发性糖尿病小鼠颌下腺的表达,及其与糖尿病病程和颌下腺形态学改变的关系。方法:实验于2004-05在承德医学院中心实验室和承德医学院附属医院病理科完成。取3,4,6,8,10月龄db/db(单基因遗传自然发病型)糖尿病小鼠颌下腺(实验组)及相应月龄的db/ m正常小鼠颌下腺(对照组),采用SP免疫组化染色,观察颌下腺血管内皮细胞生长因子、c-Fos阳性表达的变化。结果:①颌下腺血管内皮细胞生长因子阳性细胞数目:实验组3,4,6,8,10月龄高于相应对照组[(11.8±3.35),(17.4±2.61),(20.6±1.92),(26.8±4.85),(28.0±4.22)个/视野;(6.6±0.89),(11.8±1.64),(16.2±3.27),(16.4±3.97),(17.6±1.82)个/视野,P<0.05,0.01],且呈逐渐增加趋势。②颌下腺c-Fos阳性细胞数目:实验组3,4,6月龄低于相应对照组[(6.4±0.65),(7.8±0.84),(7.9±0.65)个/视野;(12.2±0.84),(11.4±0.55),(10.8±0.84)个/视野,P<0.01]。③糖尿病病程的延长,实验组下颌下腺的实质细胞有明显形态学改变,其中腺泡萎缩明显,细胞排列紊乱。结论:①血管内皮细胞生长因子表达在db/db糖尿病小鼠颌下腺中随病程延长表达增加,与糖尿病病程呈正相关。②db/db糖尿病状态下颌下腺实质发生萎缩性形态学变化,颌下腺细胞表达c-Fos蛋白明显降低,可能与其密切相关。     

低温人工肾透析过程的低血压现象

目的:观察低温对人工肾透析中低血压的预防作用。方法:实验于2006-08/12在承德医学院附属医院血液透析室完成。选择2004-11/2006-12于承德医学院附属医院进行人工肾透析的患者20例,患者均采用两种不同温度的透析液进行透析,即低温透析(35.0℃)与常温透析(37.0℃),透析后达干体质量。透析前患者休息15min后测量血压、心率,透析进行过程中每30min测血压、心率及超滤量。采用自身对照的方法比较透析前及透析过程中的血压、心率及超滤量,并观察患者低血压时有无不适症状。透析剂量3次/周,4h/次。结果:20例患者全部进入结果分析,共行低温透析160次,常温透析160次。①低温透析前后患者的心率无明显改变,常温透析时心率较透析前略升高(86.5±6.9,75.6±8.2)次/min,收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压均有所降低;与常温透析相比,低温透析时患者的心率明显下降[(78.4±7.1)次/min(P<0.05)],收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压均明显升高(P<0.05),超滤量明显升高(P<0.05)。②低温透析时低血压相关并发症的发生率显著低于常温透析(10%,91%,P<0.05)。结论:与常温透析相比,低温透析时低血压的发生率明显降低,心血管功能比较稳定。低温是降低人工肾透析中低血压及相关并发症发生率的有效方法。     

杞椇颗粒的质量标准研究

目的:建立杞椇颗粒的质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对杞椇颗粒中枸杞子和菟丝子进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定二氢杨梅素含量。结果:TLC斑点清晰,分离度好,阴性对照无干扰;二氢杨梅素检测浓度在2～80μg·mL-1范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.9998),平均回收率为100.6%,RSD=1.51%﹙n=9﹚。结论:所建标准可用于杞椇颗粒的质量控制。     

不同剂量尼古丁对成年大鼠阴茎海绵体内源性CO含量及NOS活性影响的研究

目的探讨不同剂量尼古丁对成年雄性大鼠阴茎勃起功能及阴茎海绵体内源性一氧化碳(CO)含量及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的影响。方法将32只12周龄雄性大鼠随机分为4组,对照组、尼古丁(0.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组、尼古丁(1.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组、尼古丁(2.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组。给药方式采用皮下注射。8周后,阿朴吗啡试验观察大鼠阴茎勃起情况。取阴茎海绵体,用改良双波长分光光度法测量其CO浓度。应用改良的Griess法测量其NOS活性。结果与对照组比较,尼古丁各组阴茎勃起次数、CO含量及NOS活性明显减少(P<0.01)。阴茎勃起次数,尼古丁(2.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组较尼古丁(0.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组明显减少(P<0.01),尼古丁(1.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组较尼古丁(0.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组、尼古丁(2.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组较尼古丁(1.5mg·kg-1·d-1)组减少(P>0.05)。尼古丁给药剂量越大,CO含量及NOS活性越低,尼古丁注射各组间两两比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论尼古丁可导致成年雄性大鼠阴茎勃起功能减弱,阴茎海绵体内源性CO含量及NOS活性下降;其影响呈给药剂量依赖性;表明内源性CO是尼古丁致阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)的重要信使分子,尼古丁可能通过降低内源性CO含量及NOS活性致ED。     

UF-100、干化学和镜检法检测尿沉渣的对比研究及影响因素分析

目的:对UF-100尿沉渣分析仪、干化学法和尿沉渣镜检三种方法检测尿沉渣有形成分进行比较,探讨每种方法的优、缺点及其影响因素.方法:抽取我院住院患者尿液1800份,分别采用日本Sysmex UF-100尿沉渣分析仪、德国Miditron Junior Ⅱ型尿十项干化学分析仪及一次性计数板显微镜检对同一份尿液标本的有形成分进行检测.结果:UF-100、干化学法能快速、准确测定尿中多项有形成分,因两种方法的检测原理及干扰因素的影响,均出现了部分假阳性和假阴性结果.结论:UF-100,干化学法及手工镜检三者交叉互检,可排除假阳性和假阴性结果,可使检验结果更全面、准确,为临床提供可靠的诊断信息.     

Astragalus injection inhibits c-Jun N terminal kinase mRNA expression following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction in rat hippocampal neurons

BACKGROUND： In studies concerning cell injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, current experiments have primarily focused on altered protein levels. In addition, the apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-2 have been thoroughly studied with regard to initiating neuronal apoptosis. OBJECTIVE： To establish an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction in the rat hippocampus to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury; to observe c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 （JNK3） mRNA expression in hippocampal neurons following Astragalus injection; and thus to determine changes in the signaling and downstream pathways of neuronal apoptosis at the cellular and molecular level. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, cellular and molecular experiment was performed at the Department of Central Laboratory, Chengde Medical College from February to June 2008. MATERIALS： Astragalus injection, the main ingredient of astragaloside, was purchased from Chengdu Di＇ao Jiuhong Pharmaceutical Manufactory, China. JNK3 mRNA probe and in situ hybridization kit were purchased from Tianjin Haoyang Biological Technology, China, and JNK3 RT-PCR primers were designed by Shanghai Bio-engineering, China. METHODS： Primary cultures of hippocampal neurons derived from Sprague Dawley rats, aged 1 2 days, were established. After 8 days, the hippocampal neurons were assigned to the following interventions： model group, Astragalus group, and vehicle control group, cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose reintroduction after oxygen-glucose deprivation for 30 minutes in sugar-free Earle＇s solution and a hypoxia device, which contained high-purity nitrogen. The normal control group was subjected to primary culture techniques and was not treated using above-mentioned interventions. In addition, the Astragalus and vehicle control groups were treated with Astragalus injection （0.5 g/L raw drug） or sterile, deionized water at 2 hours prior to oxygen-glucose deprivation, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： JNK3 mRNA expression was measured by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR at 0, 0.5, 2, 6, 24, 72, and 120 hours after oxygen-glucose reintroduction. RESULTS： Hippocampal neuronal morphology was normal in the normal control group. Hippocampal neurons exhibited apparent apoptosis-like pathological changes in the model, as well as the vehicle control, groups. The apoptosis-like pathological changes in the hippocampal neurons were less in the Astragalus group. Results from in situ hybridization and RT-PCR showed that JNK3 mRNA expression significantly increased in hippocampal neurons from model group, as well as the vehicle control group, compared with the normal control group （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, JNK3 mRNA expression significantly decreased in hippocampal neurons of the Astragalus group, compared with the model group and vehicle control group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Astragalus injection inhibited apoptosis-related JNK3 mRNA expression following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction, and accordingly played a role in inhibiting hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.