Catalpol improves cholinergic function and reduces inflammatory cytokines in the senescent mice induced by d-galactose

The neuroprotective effects of catalpol, an iridoid glycoside isolated from the fresh rehmannia roots, on the cholinergic system and inflammatory cytokines in the senescent mice brain induced by d-galactose were assessed. The results showed that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity increased in senescent mice brain and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) positive neurons, detected by immunohistochemical staining, decreased remarkably in the basal forebrain of senescent mice. Simultaneously, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (mAChR1) expression declined in senescent mice brain by western blotting method. We also found that the contents of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) increased in senescent mice brain by ELISA method. However, administration of catalpol for 2-weeks significantly reversed the biochemical markers mentioned above. These results suggest that catalpol can exert protective effects on senescent mice brain induced by d-galactose and this effect may be due to its protective effects on cholinergic and immune impairment in mice brain. Thus catalpol is worth testing for further preclinical study aimed for senescence or neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.     

The biodiversity of beneficial microbe-host mutualism: the case of rhizobia

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is the main route for sustainable input of nitrogen into ecosystems. Nitrogen fixation in agriculture can be improved by inoculation of legume crops with suitable rhizobia. Knowledge of the biodiversity of rhizobia and of local populations is important for the design of successful inoculation strategies. Soybeans are major nitrogen-fixing crops in many parts of the world. Bradyrhizobial inoculants for soybean are very diverse, yet classification and characterization of strains have long been difficult. Recent genetic characterization methods permit more reliable identification and will improve our knowledge of local populations. Forage legumes form another group of agronomically important legumes. Research and extension policies valorizing rhizobial germplasm diversity and preservation, farmer training for proper inoculant use and legal enforcement of commercial inoculant quality have proved a successful approach to promoting the use of forage legumes while enhancing biological N₂ fixation. It is worth noting that taxonomically important strains may not necessarily be important reference strains for other uses such as legume inoculation and genomics due to specialization of the different fields. This article points out both current knowledge and gaps remaining to be filled for further interaction and improvement of a rhizobial commons.     

基于水分子弥散MRI研究进展

目的 水分子弥散广泛存在于体内各组织器官中，MRI通过测量和表征水分子在组织内的弥散和灌注等信息，可筛查、诊断多种疾病及评估其预后。采用不同b值及弥散梯度方向衍生出多种MR水分子弥散成像技术。本文对基于水分子弥散的MRI研究及其临床应用进展进行综述。     

基于课程整合的中药学专业设计性、综合性、开放性大实验初探

在充分研究各专业课程知识体系的基础上,我们将药用植物生理生态学、药用植物栽培学、中药炮制与中药药理综合实践、中药分析及毕业设计或大学生创新创业计划进行有机结合,引导学生根据所学知识查阅文献并结合实验目的设计综合性、设计性、开放性大实验,各试验阶段由教师进行指导并记录过程性考核成绩,各实验模块既相互独立又有机结合,既能培养实验技能及学生科研能力,也能促进学生德智体美劳全面发展。     

基于网络药理学的土鳖虫破血逐瘀作用机制研究

目的:基于网络药理学分析土鳖虫对破血逐瘀相关疾病的作用机制。方法:经文献查阅并结合PubChem、SwissADME、SwissTargetPrediction和TCMSP等数据库对土鳖虫已知成分及其对应靶点进行搜集,并与经GeneCards、OMIM、TTD、HPO数据库搜索得到的“破血逐瘀”相关靶点进行交互分析得到共同靶点;通过蛋白-蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)分析、基因本体(GO)分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析,构建土鳖虫“成分-靶点-疾病”网络,探讨土鳖虫破血逐瘀功效的作用机制。同时采用体外纤溶实验评价土鳖虫水溶性蛋白质与其他成分的活性差异。结果:筛选得到土鳖虫活性化合物54个,共对应靶点653个;与血瘀相关的17种疾病的16141个作用靶点经交互分析得出两者共有靶点26个。GO和KEGG分析结果表明,土鳖虫已知成分主要涉及嘌呤代谢通路、细胞能量代谢通路、环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、醛固酮合成代谢通路、三酰甘油合成通路等13条信号通路,通过干预DNA转录、细胞能量代谢等生物功能发挥药效。同时体外纤溶实验得出土鳖虫水溶性蛋白质较其他成分表现出更强的纤溶活性。结论:土鳖虫已知活性成分并不能很好的证明其对破血逐瘀相关疾病的治疗有显著的效果。结合土鳖虫水溶性蛋白质促纤溶作用,为下一步土鳖虫纤溶物质基础的研究提供参考。     

The contribution of molecular pathology to the classification of thyroid tumors

Significant molecular advances have been undertaken for the past two decades in the field of thyroid follicular neoplasms, including a detailed genomic profile of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. These molecular discoveries led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of thyroid neoplasms and resulted in reclassification of certain types of thyroid tumors. This review discusses how, 1) the molecular profiles of follicular-patterned lesions led to the reclassification of the follicular variant of PTC into non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary like nuclei, 2) the genotyping of Hürthle cell neoplasm provided the rationale to classify these tumors independently from follicular adenomas and carcinomas, and 3) BRAF and RAS molecular signatures have the potential of subclassifying PTC and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma into clinically relevant molecular subtypes.     

Pyrolysis Temperature-Dependent Changes in the Characteristics of Biochar-Borne Dissolved Organic Matter and Its Copper Binding Properties

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - The dissolved organic matter (DOM) samples from biochars produced from Jerusalem artichoke stalks by pyrolysis at 300, 500, and...     

胃肠舒对胃肠平滑肌细胞一氧化氮释放的影响

目的:探讨胃肠舒促胃肠动力的作用机制。方法:组织块法原代培养胃肠平滑肌细胞,实验分胃肠舒低、中、高剂量组、西沙必利组和正常对照组,各组分别用受试药物(正常对照组用DMEM干粉培养基)干扰细胞24 h,采用一氧化氮荧光探针(DAF-FMDA)反应30 min,流式细胞仪检测一氧化氮(NO)释放。结果:胃肠舒大、中剂量组与正常对照组比较,胃肠平滑肌细胞NO释放的荧光强度明显减弱(P<0.01,P<0.05),与西沙必利组相似。结论:胃肠舒促胃肠动力的作用机制可能是通过抑制胃肠平滑肌细胞内NO的生成,进而抑制相关酶的活化,拮抗环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)的作用,从而使胞内Ca2+增多,Ca2+信号系统引发一系列生理功能而促进胃肠平滑肌收缩效应。     

加强图书馆信息服务，提高本科生毕业论文质量

分析了当前大学生毕业论文写作过程中存在的问题,指出图书馆参与指导大学生撰写毕业论文的优势,提出了培养大学生信息素养、建立协作配合的服务模式、提供知识服务和提高馆员素养等措施,以提高本科生毕业论文质量。