Measurement of glucose and fructose in clinical samples using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Objective:The impact of increased fructose consumption on carbohydrate metabolism is a topic of current interest, but determination of serum level has been hindered due to low concentration and interference from serum glucose. We are reporting a method for the quantification of glucose and fructose in clinical samples using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The accuracy and precision of GC/MS and an enzymatic assay were compared.Design and methods:Mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns of methyloxime peracetate derivatized aldose and ketose were determined. Unique fragments for glucose and fructose were used for quantitative analysis using isotope labeled recovery standards.Results:Methyloxime peracetate derivatives of glucose and fructose showed characteristic loss of acetate (M-60) or ketene (M-42) under chemical ionization (CI). Under electron impact (EI) ionization, a unique C1–C2 fragment of glucose was formed, while a C1–C3 fragment was formed from keto-hexoses. These unique fragments were used in the quantitative assay of glucose and fructose in clinical samples. In clinical samples, the GC/MS assay has a lower limit of detection than that of the enzymatic assay. In plasma samples from patients evaluated for diabetes the average serum glucose and fructose were 6.19 ± 2.72 mM and 46 ±  25.22 μM. Fructose concentrations in many of these samples were below the limit of detection of the enzymatic method.Conclusion:Derivatization of aldose and ketose monosaccharides to their respective O-methyloxime acetates for GC/MS analysis is a facile method for determination of serum/plasma glucose and fructose samples.     

试论护理人员人文素质培养与和谐医院的构建

目的：探讨如何从护理角度构建和谐医院。方法：通过对护理人员人文素质的培养，加强护理人员对患者的护理文化建设，从人文角度提高护理质量。结果：护理人员的人文素质提高，医院和谐、社会和谐。结论：护理人员的人文素质提高是构建和谐医院的主要成员，也是医院文化建设确保社会和谐的重要组成部分。     

重视药学服务与提高执业药师的社会地位

执业药师要提高职业价值与社会地位,应注重临床药学和相关医学背景知识的掌握,为患者提供最需要的药学服务。新世纪执业药师的职责不仅是为患者发药,更重要的是为患者用药提供服务。执业药师应积极参与指导和监督临床合理用药,使患者用药更具安全性、有效性及经济性。     

水苏糖对地黄根际土壤微生物失衡的影响

目的通过水苏糖铵盐培养液对土壤细菌生长的影响,证明水苏糖对土壤细菌具有"筛选作用"。方法采用比浊法,在初始菌悬液浓度一致的前提下,每2h于600nm处测定菌悬液的吸光度值并绘制生长曲线,以定量分析水苏糖对土壤细菌生长的影响情况。结果大多数土壤细菌不能很好地利用水苏糖,仅少数土壤细菌在水苏糖培养液中生长良好。结论大多数土壤细菌不能很好地利用水苏糖作为其能源物质,因此可能造成根际细菌的种类和数量大幅下降,仅少数可较好利用水苏糖的土壤细菌活动旺盛,这些能够良好利用水苏糖的土壤细菌有可能作为"优势菌"大量繁殖,从而造成地黄根部土壤微生物失衡。     

锌与酒精性肝损害的相关性研究

锌(Zinc,Zn)是重要的抗细胞凋亡因子,在抵御细胞中毒性损伤的感应性方面发挥着重要的生理作用。实验和临床酒精性疾病普遍存在酒精诱导的肝细胞凋亡,多种途径参与酒精诱导的肝细胞凋亡及肝损害。在酒精应激情况下,Zn可以保护肝细胞,拮抗肝细胞凋亡,抵御酒精性肝损害。补Zn可以缓解酒精性肝损害的某些临床表现和肝性脑病的病情。     

淄博市出疹性病例风疹抗体的检测分析

2006年淄博市发生了多起出疹性疾病流行，为了明确诊断，了解风疹流行情况，为今后开展风疹防治工作提供科学依据，2006年1～7月对全市五区三县进行了调查，并随机采集部分血清标本进行检测和分析，现将结果报告如下。     

刺五加注射液中过敏性杂质的分析

 目的探索刺五加注射液中的过敏性杂质,建立相应的检查方法。方法针对刺五加注射液"水煮醇沉"工艺的特点提取刺五加抗原,采用豚鼠被动皮肤免疫(PCA)实验寻找刺五加注射液中的过敏性杂质,用间接ELISA法检测过敏性杂质。结果PCA实验证实,ELISA法阳性刺五加注射液可以引发刺五加抗原致敏豚鼠的速发型过敏反应;采用间接ELISA法检测刺五加注射液中的过敏性杂质,其灵敏度为0.5 mg·L^-1,线性范围为4～128 mg·L^-1(r²=0.9988),平均加样回收率为86.3%;对92批市场流通样品进行了测定,8批(8.7%)检出过敏性杂质;经超滤处理后,样品的ELISA实验呈阴性,而其UFLC分析显示,超滤前后药物中的HPLC图谱没有变化。结论本实验结果表明,药材中的植物蛋白等过敏性杂质可能会残留到注射液中导致过敏反应的发生,间接ELISA法可用于测定刺五加注射液中的过敏性杂质;超滤技术可以去除刺五加注射液中的过敏性杂质。     

垂体后叶素在腹腔镜输卵管妊娠保守性手术中的应用

目的探讨局部注射垂体后叶素在腹腔镜下输卵管妊娠开窗取胚术中的安全性和可行性。方法采用单中心、前瞻性、随机对照的研究方法 ,选取2006年3月至2009年12月我院妇科未破裂输卵管妊娠患者126例,均行腹腔镜下输卵管开窗取胚术,其中术中使用垂体后叶素组（观察组）65例,未使用垂体后叶素组（对照组）61例,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后病率、手术并发症、持续性宫外孕的发生率,术后输卵管通畅度等。结果观察组的手术时间、术中出血量和持续性宫外孕等并发症发生率均明显少于对照组,术后输卵管通畅度明显高于对照组。结论腹腔镜下输卵管妊娠开窗取胚术中应用垂体后叶素,能减少术中出血,缩短手术时间,且能显著提高术后输卵管通畅度,是一种安全可靠且值得推广的方法 。     

Silencing LINC01234 represses pancreatic cancer progression by inhibiting the malignant phenotypes of pancreatic cancer cells

ObjectivePrevious works have outlined the pivotal involvement of long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) in cancer progression, while the efficiency of LINC01234 in pancreatic cancer remained obscure. The purpose of this research is to unravel the regulatory mechanism of LINC01234 in pancreatic cancer via modulating microRNA (miR)-513a-3p and hexose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PD).MethodsPancreatic cancer cells were cultured and clinical tissue specimens were collected. LINC01234, miR-513a-3p and H6PD levels in pancreatic cancer cells and tissues were examined. Plasmids altering LINC01234, miR-513a-3p and H6PD expression were transfected into pancreatic cancer cells to assess the change in biological behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells. The targeting relations among LINC01234, miR-513a-3p and H6PD were validated.ResultsLINC01234 and H6PD levels were elevated while miR-513a-3p level was reduced in pancreatic cancer cells and tissues. LINC01234 deficiency hindered the malignant biological activities of pancreatic cancer cells. MiR-513a-3p depletion or H6PD elevation could abrogate the inhibitory effects of LINC01234 silencing on pancreatic cancer cells. LINC01234 sponged miR-513a-3p that targeted H6PD.ConclusionThe reduced LINC01234 exerts inhibitory impacts on pancreatic cancer cells via targeting miR-513a-3p to restrain H6PD level. The current study broadens the understanding of LINC01234 function and affords novel therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer treatment.     

冠心病患者介入治疗后氯吡格雷不同疗程对血清白介素-18和C-反应蛋白的影响

目的评价冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后,氯吡格雷不同疗程对血清白细胞介素-18和C-反应蛋白的影响。方法将68例PCI的冠心病患者随机分为氯吡格雷治疗1个月组（A组）34例、氯吡格雷治疗6个月组（B组）34例,观察治疗前、后血清白细胞介素-18（IL-18）和C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）浓度。结果治疗后B组IL-18和hs—CRP降低更为显著。与A组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论氯毗格雷可在常规治疗基础上显著降低冠心病患者PCI术后炎性因子浓度。