Chiral benzene backbone-based sulfoxide-olefin ligands for highly enantioselective Rh-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to N-tosylarylimines

An efficient Rh-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to N-tosylarylimines has been developed with chiral benzene backbone-based sulfoxide-olefin ligands, where 2-methoxy-1-naphthyl sulfinyl functionalized olefin ligands have shown to be more effective. The versatile method tolerates a wide range of functional groups and shows broad scope without regard to electronic or steric substitution pattern, allowing access to a broad range of chiral diarylmethylamines in high yields (up to 99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee).

An efficient Rh-catalyzed arylation of N-tosylarylimines has been developed with benzene backbone sulfoxide–olefin ligands, affording chiral diarylmethylamines in high yields (up to 99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee).     

自体块状皮质骨修复种植区颌骨缺损

文题释义：自体块状皮质骨：自体块状皮质骨具有刚性的板层状结构,毛细血管的含量较低,因此移植后很难维持具有活性的成骨细胞或骨祖细胞,致密的矿化基质导致血管重建和长入的速度相对缓慢,但其空间维持能力强,生物相容性好,其中含有的成骨细胞和生长因子对骨再生起促进作用,是骨移植材料的“金标准”。 Onlay植骨：于两侧下颌外斜线处取长方形皮质骨块,在上颌左侧骨缺损区植入皮质骨块,右侧骨缺损区植骨同期植入种植体。 背景：自体骨有骨传导、骨诱导及骨生成的特性,同时具有良好的生物相容性,移植后无排斥反应。但关于自体骨块移植后的骨块是完全被吸收替代？还是能保留细胞活性长期存留？仍存在争议。 目的：观察皮质骨移植后改建再生过程中的组织学变化。 方法：6只健康比格犬麻醉后拔除两侧上颌前磨牙,并去除颊侧宽约10 mm、长约15 mm、厚度约2 mm的骨板,建立上颌骨缺损模型,在双侧下颌骨体颊侧切取相应大小的块状皮质骨并修整边缘。在上颌骨缺损区移植皮质骨块,一侧为单纯块状皮质骨移植,另一侧在块状皮质骨移植同期植入种植体。分别于骨移植后3,6个月取材,进行大体观测和组织学观察,分析移植骨块的吸收率、移植骨中的细胞存活率。实验方案经大连医科大学动物实验伦理委员会批准。 结果与结论：①大体观察可见移植骨块体积逐渐缩小,边缘圆钝,与基骨结合稳固;②6个月时全部种植体脱落;硬组织磨片可见移植骨块与基骨间存在新生骨连接;6个月时移植骨骨陷窝孔隙率明显低于3个月,移植骨吸收率显著高于3个月(均P < 0.05);③结果说明,块状皮质骨移植后,能够与受植区基骨发生骨结合,其内部的骨细胞部分保持活力,随着愈合期延长,新生骨细胞的比例增加,移植骨块的体积逐渐变小。皮质骨移植同期种植后移植物吸收明显,种植体骨结合不良。 ORCID: 0000-0001-5201-9377(王宁) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Identification and characterization of a novel phage-type like lysozyme from Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum

A novel lysozyme gene (RpLysPh) with high similarity to the bacteriophage lysozymes was identified in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. The full length cDNA of RpLysPh is 828 bp and contains a 462 bp open reading frame (ORF) that codes for a 154 amino acid protein. Multiple sequence alignment analysis revealed that the three residues essential for catalytic activity in phage-type lysozyme (Glu²⁰, Asp²⁹, and Thr³⁵) are conserved in RpLysPh. The comparison of the 3D models of RpLysPh and Coxiella burnetii lysozyme also suggested that the active sites involved in the binding of substrate have similar conformations. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that RpLysPh shares a similar origin with the bacterial phage-type lysozyme group. The highest level of expression of RpLysPh was observed in hemocytes, followed by mantle. Induction of RpLysPh expression was observed in gills in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)), and whole glucan particles (WGP) challenge. The recombinant protein of RpLysPh showed antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.     

Assessment of ZnT3 and PSD95 protein levels in Lewy body dementias and Alzheimer's disease: association with cognitive impairment

The loss of zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) has been implicated in age-related cognitive decline in mice, and the protein has been associated with plaques. We investigated the levels of ZnT3 and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), a marker of the postsynaptic terminal, in people with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD, n = 31), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB, n = 44), Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 16), and controls (n = 24), using semiquantitative western blotting and immunohistochemistry in 3 cortical regions. Standardized cognitive assessments during life and semiquantitative scoring of amyloid β (Aβ), tau, and α-synuclein at postmortem were used to investigate the relationship between ZnT3 and PSD95, cognition and pathology. Associations were observed between ZnT3 and PSD95 levels in prefrontal cortex and cognitive impairment (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively) and between ZnT3 levels in the parietal cortex and cognitive impairment (p = 0.036). Associations were also seen between ZnT3 levels in cingulate cortex and severity of Aβ (p = 0.003) and tau (p = 0.011) pathologies. DLB and PDD were characterized by significant reductions of PSD95 (p < 0.05) and ZnT3 (p < 0.001) in prefrontal cortex compared with controls and AD. PSD95 levels in the parietal cortex were found to be decreased in AD cases compared with controls (p = 0.02) and PDD (p = 0.005). This study has identified Zn²⁺ modulation as a possible novel target for the treatment of cognitive impairment in DLB and PDD and the potential for synaptic proteins to be used as a biomarker for the differentiation of DLB and PDD from AD.     

Hyaluronic acid signals for repair in ethanol-induced apoptosis in skin cells in vitro

Ethanol is commonly used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to assess ethanol-induced apoptosis and the possible repair by hyaluronic acid (HA) in vitro. In addition we aimed to determine the modulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-α).Design and methodsWe treated human A431 epidermoid skin cells and mouse fibroblasts with two concentrations of ethanol for 24 h. HA obtained from umbilical cord excision was used at three concentration levels (2%, 4% and 8%) to determine its efficacy in the treatment. We measured cytotoxicity, TNF-α and IFN-α and visualized the cultures by electron microscopy.ResultsTreatment of cells with ethanol at 50 mM and 100 mM increased both the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis, as well as the release of TNF-α into the culture medium.ConclusionsEthanol may induce apoptosis in skin cells by enhancing the effects of TNF-α. HA in the 2% and 4% concentrations reduced TNF-α and morphological inflammation both in human A431 epidermoid skin cells and in mouse fibroblasts.     

地特胰岛素联合口服降糖药对2型糖尿病患者血糖的影响

目的观察地特胰岛素联合口服降糖药（OAD）对OAD控制不佳的T2DM患者血糖控制的影响。方法入选30例1：3服降糖药效果欠佳的T2DM患者，给予地特胰岛素治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗后12周、治疗后24周测定HbA1c、FBG、体重、BMI。结果应用地特胰岛素治疗24周后HbA1c、FBG较治疗前均明显降低（P〈0．05）。治疗前后血脂、体重、BMI、腰围、臀围无明显变化。应用地特胰岛素治疗低血糖事件发生率较低，且无夜间低血糖事件。结论地特胰岛素联合OAD治疗可以改善OAD疗效差的T2DM病情，体重增加不明显，低血糖发生率低。     

黄素单加氧酶3在药物代谢中的作用

黄素单加氧酶(FMO,E.C.1.14.13.8)是重要的Ⅰ相代谢酶,由于与细胞色素P450(CYP450,E.C.1.14.14.1)具有相同的单加氧药物和异物代谢功能,其重要性被明显低估。本文在与CYP450进行对比的基础上,重点对FMO3的功能、变异、调控及应用等方面的最新进展进行了综述,并提出了进行FMO研究的未来策略。     

Polymethoxylated flavones metabolites in rat plasma after the consumption of Fructus aurantii extract: analysis by liquid chromatography/electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry

A LC with full scan MS(n) method was developed in order to investigate the in vivo absorption and biotransformation of polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) by analysis of plasma samples from rats after ingestion of Fructus aurantii extract. Four parent compounds and six metabolites with intact flavonoid structures were tentatively identified. The metabolites were either glucuronides of parent compounds or glucuronides of demethylated products of parent compounds.