硬膜外麻醉下妇科腹腔镜手术血浆肾素—血管紧张素系统和β微球蛋白含量的变化

目的观察硬膜外麻醉下,妇科腹腔镜手术患者在低CO2气腹压和15.头低脚高体位时肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAAS)和肾小球滤过率(GFR)的变化。方法监测20例患者气腹前、腹内压达1.33～1.59kPa后10、30、60分钟及解除气腹后10分钟五个时点血浆肾素(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AⅡ)、醛固酮(ALD))和β     

自发性高血压大鼠缺血再灌注后视网膜毛细血管细胞凋亡及p53基因表达

Objective To investigate the effect of apoptosis-related gene p53 on the apoptosis of retinal capillary cells in rats with spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) after ischemic reperfusion injury. Methods A total of 60 SHR rats were randomly divided into sham group (SHR-SH) and retinal ischemie reperfusion group (SHR-RIR), which were subdivided into 5 subgroups according to the time after RIR: 2, 6, 24, and 72 hours and 7 days, with 6 rats in each subgroup. Another 60 Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were divided into the same groups as the SHR rats as the control. The RIR model was set up. The apoptosis of retinal capillary cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods and the expression of p53 was determined by streptavidin-perosidase (SP) immunohistochemistry. Results The apoptosis rate of retinal capillary cells in the 5 SHR-RIR groups was (8.64±0.56)%, (14.92±0.99)%, (24.72±2.98)%, (16.53±1.80)%, and (7.12±1.10)%,respectively. The expression of p53 in SHR-RIR groups increased at the 2nd hour after RIR, reached the peak at the 24th hour, kept the high level at the 72nd hour, and remained a little at the 7th day, which was significantly different from which in the SHR-SH groups (P<0. 01). The expression of p53 were higher in SHR-IR groups than that in the WKY-RIR groups (P<0. 01). Conclusions p53 may play a part in RIR injury by inducing or promoting apoptosis. The apoptosis of retinal capillary cells after RIR is more severe under the hypertension, and reaches the peak at the 24 hour after RIR.     

不同诱导剂量罗库溴铵在女性声带息肉摘除术中的应用

目的:比较不同诱导剂量罗库溴铵在女性行声带息肉摘除术中的应用效果.方法:择期行声带息肉摘除术的女性60例,随机分为3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组),每组20例,分别给予罗库溴铵0.3mg/kg(1 ED95)、0.45 mg/kg(1.5 ED95)、0.6mg/kg(2ED95).记录拇指肌诱发颤搐反应的抑制过程和恢复过程,评价给药后肌松起效时间及程度,肌松维持时间,TOP=70%的时间等指标,记录插管时声门暴露等级(Grade分级)以及气管插管条件评分(Copper法).结果:(1)各组Th抑制的最大程度分别为Ⅰ组(76±5)%,Ⅱ组(91±3)%,Ⅲ组(98±6)%;(2)起效时间Ⅰ组(289±56)s,Ⅱ组(183±50)s,Ⅲ组(100±36)s:(3)临床作用时间Ⅰ组(12±8)min,Ⅱ组(20±5)min,Ⅲ组(32±4)min,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);(4)TOP=70%的时间Ⅰ组(25±7)min,Ⅱ组(38±9)min,Ⅲ组(52±11)min,3组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);(5)插管时声门暴露等级(Grade分级)3组差异无统计学意义,气管插管条件评分(Copper法)Ⅰ组明显差于Ⅱ、Ⅲ两组(P＜0.01).结论:在女性声带息肉摘除术的麻醉诱导中,0.45mg/kg(1.5 ED95)的罗库溴铵诱导剂量能够提供较好的气管内插管及手术条件,并可缩短患者肌力恢复及拔管时间.     

自发性高血压大鼠缺血再灌注后视网膜毛细血管细胞凋亡及p53基因表达

Objective To investigate the effect of apoptosis-related gene p53 on the apoptosis of retinal capillary cells in rats with spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) after ischemic reperfusion injury. Methods A total of 60 SHR rats were randomly divided into sham group (SHR-SH) and retinal ischemie reperfusion group (SHR-RIR), which were subdivided into 5 subgroups according to the time after RIR: 2, 6, 24, and 72 hours and 7 days, with 6 rats in each subgroup. Another 60 Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were divided into the same groups as the SHR rats as the control. The RIR model was set up. The apoptosis of retinal capillary cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods and the expression of p53 was determined by streptavidin-perosidase (SP) immunohistochemistry. Results The apoptosis rate of retinal capillary cells in the 5 SHR-RIR groups was (8.64±0.56)%, (14.92±0.99)%, (24.72±2.98)%, (16.53±1.80)%, and (7.12±1.10)%,respectively. The expression of p53 in SHR-RIR groups increased at the 2nd hour after RIR, reached the peak at the 24th hour, kept the high level at the 72nd hour, and remained a little at the 7th day, which was significantly different from which in the SHR-SH groups (P<0. 01). The expression of p53 were higher in SHR-IR groups than that in the WKY-RIR groups (P<0. 01). Conclusions p53 may play a part in RIR injury by inducing or promoting apoptosis. The apoptosis of retinal capillary cells after RIR is more severe under the hypertension, and reaches the peak at the 24 hour after RIR.     

二氮嗪预处理对缺氧复氧后大鼠海马神经元凋亡的影响

目的研究线粒体内膜ATP敏感性钾通道（Mito-KAw）特异性开放剂二氮嗪预处理对缺氧复氧后大鼠海马神经元凋亡的影响。方法取离体培养的大鼠海马神经元，随机分为4组：对照组（A组）、二氮嗪30μmol／L组（B组）、二氮嗪1（30μmol／L组（C组）、二氮嗪100μmol／L＋Mito-KATP特异性阻断剂5．羟葵酸100μmol／L组（D组），各组神经元每天给予相应药物预处理1h，连续3d，继而缺氧4h复氧24h，观察神经元的活力、凋亡率、Bax和Bd．2蛋白的表达水平。结果与其它3组比较，C组海马神经元活力增强，凋亡率降低，Bcl．2蛋白表达水平升高，Bax蛋白表达水平下降（P〈0．01）。结论100μmol／L二氮嗪预处理通过改善Bcl-2与Bax蛋白表达的失衡，降低神经元的凋亡，对大鼠海马缺氧复氧神经元产生了保护效应。     

脂肪乳剂对布比卡因中毒犬的血流动力学及药代动力学的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of [ntralipid injection on hemodynamics and pharmacodynamics of mongrel dogs with bupivacaine-induced cardiac depression. Methods Fourteen dogs were randomly divided into Intralipid injection group (the experiment group) and normal saline group(the control group). 0. 5% bupivacaine was administrated at a constant rate until the mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased to 60% of the basic value. Intralipid injection was administered in the experiment group. The hemedynamic parameters were recorded and blood samples were taken from femoral artery at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45,60, 90,120, 180,240 min after stopping bupivacaine infusion for determination of plasma concentration by HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Drug and Statistics soft version 2. O. Results After the treatment of Intralipid injection, MAP, CO, HR increased significantly, compared min-1 in the experiment group and the control group respectively. Vz (4. 5 ± 1.1 L/kg versus 3. 3 ± 0. 9 L/kg)of bupivacaine in the experiment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Intravenous infusion of Intralipid have beneficial effects on the hemodynamics of mongrel dogs with bupivaeaine-induced cardiac depression. One of the mechanism of the beneficial effects was probably that Intralipid injection increases the apparent volume of bupivacaine distribution and that decreases blood concentration.     

尼莫通预防围拔管期心血管反应疗效观察

目的：评价尼莫通在颅脑手术围拔管期预防心血管反应的效果。方法：择期颅脑手术病人２０例随机分为两组;对照组与观察组,其中观察组在缝合硬脑膜毕即开始经微泵输注０．０２％尼莫通２～１０ｍｌ．ｈ＾－１至拔管后１０分钟比较两组相关血流动力学指标。结果：观察组拔管前Ｔ２,拔管即刻Ｔ３,拔管后１、３分钟Ｔ４、Ｔ５的ＳＡＰ、ＤＡＰ比对照组明显降低;拔管即刻Ｔ３、拔管后１分钟Ｔ４Ｒｐｐ亦低于对照组。结论：在监测ＢＰ     

脂肪乳剂对布比卡因中毒犬的血流动力学及药代动力学的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of [ntralipid injection on hemodynamics and pharmacodynamics of mongrel dogs with bupivacaine-induced cardiac depression. Methods Fourteen dogs were randomly divided into Intralipid injection group (the experiment group) and normal saline group(the control group). 0. 5% bupivacaine was administrated at a constant rate until the mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased to 60% of the basic value. Intralipid injection was administered in the experiment group. The hemedynamic parameters were recorded and blood samples were taken from femoral artery at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45,60, 90,120, 180,240 min after stopping bupivacaine infusion for determination of plasma concentration by HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Drug and Statistics soft version 2. O. Results After the treatment of Intralipid injection, MAP, CO, HR increased significantly, compared min-1 in the experiment group and the control group respectively. Vz (4. 5 ± 1.1 L/kg versus 3. 3 ± 0. 9 L/kg)of bupivacaine in the experiment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Intravenous infusion of Intralipid have beneficial effects on the hemodynamics of mongrel dogs with bupivaeaine-induced cardiac depression. One of the mechanism of the beneficial effects was probably that Intralipid injection increases the apparent volume of bupivacaine distribution and that decreases blood concentration.     

川芎嗪抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤的临床研究

探讨川芎嗪对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。将１６例心内直视手术患者随机分为川芎嗪组和对照组，川芎嗪组分别在阻断前及循环开放后即刻于２￣３ｍｉｎ内恒速静泳滴注，术中分别于主动脉阻断前，阻断３０ｍｉｎ及开放３０ｍｉｎ采血，测定血超氧化物歧化酶，乳酸脱氢酶活性及丙二醛含量。川芎嗪组与对照组各指标除ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ外，变化有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５），川芎嗪具有明显的保护心肌作用。