Effects of valsartan on oxidative stress and the atherogenesis

Introduction　Oxidativestressandtheproductionofintracellularreactiveoxygenspecies (ROS)havebeenimplicatedinthepathogenesisofatherosclero sis[1] .ROSandtheirbyproductsnotonlymaybecyto toxictocellsbutalsoplayaroleinsignaltransductionprocessessuchascell growthandposttranslationalmodificationofproteinswhichwillcontributetotheformationofatherosclerosis[2 ] .EarlystudiesreportedthattheactivationofAngiotensinⅡtypeⅠreceptorisinvolvedintheoxidativestress :ItnotonlyspecificallyactivatesNAD(P)Hoxi…     

急性阑尾炎切除术中盲肠憩室炎的处理

目的 探讨急性阑尾炎切除术中盲肠憩室炎的处理方式。方法 回顾性分析我院1992年至2001年在856例急性阑尾炎切除术中发现6例盲肠憩室炎的临床资料。结果 6例中男4例，女2例，年龄20～53岁，平均34岁。5例行回盲部切除术，1例行右半结眵切除术。6例均痊愈出院。结论 急性阑尾炎切除术中发现盲肠憩室炎，选择回盲部切除或右半结肠切除术是安全可行的治疗方法。     

胫骨平台骨折67例治疗分析

目的分析胫骨平台骨折的治疗效果。方法按膝关节损伤功能评定指标对手术组35例和非手术组32例进行疗效评价,并用χ2检验。结果手术组优良率91.4%,非手术组优良率62.5%。手术组治疗效果优于非手术组(P<0.05)。结论胫骨平台骨折治疗效果以手术为优。     

肝硬化患者外周血细胞参数结果分析

目的　探讨外周血细胞参数与肝硬化肝功能的关系。方法　用美国产雅培CD - 170 0型全自动血细胞分析仪对 32 1例肝硬化患者外周血进行检测分析。结果　肝硬化患者外周血细胞各项参数均显著异常 ,特别是红细胞参数血红蛋白 (Hb)、红细胞计数 (RBC)、红细胞压积 (HCT)、红细胞分布宽度 (RDW)改变与肝功能损害有很好的相关性。随着肝功能损害程度逐渐加重 ,Hb、RBC、HCT逐渐下降 ,RDW逐渐上升 (P <0 0 1)。结论　肝硬化患者外周血细胞参数变化与肝功能损害程度相关 ,其外周血细胞参数可间接反映肝硬化患者之肝功能损害的严重程度。     

系统化护理干预骨关节炎手术后患者的临床效果及对神经功能影响

目的：研究系统化护理干预骨关节炎手术后患者的临床效果和对神经功能影响。方法：研究对象选取我院2015年5月到2016年1月间收治的骨关节炎手术后患者118例,采用随机数字法将所有患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各59例,对照组患者采用常规护理干预,观察组患者则采用系统化护理干预,观察两组患者的护理效果和并发症发生率,同时比较护理前后两组患者的神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)差异。结果：观察组的治疗总有效率(91.53%)明显高于对照组(76.27%)(χ2=5.08,P=0.02),观察组护理后2周和4周的NIHSS评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01),观察组的住院时间、首次下床活动时间及总并发症发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论：采用系统化护理干预可明显提高骨关节炎手术后的康复效果,加快患者术后的康复速度,促进患者神经功能恢复,同时较好的预防并发症的发生,护理安全性较高,值得在临床推广。     

BMI,Waist Circumference and All-Cause Mortality in a Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Population

Objective

To investigate the association of obesity and all-cause mortality in a sample of middle-aged and elderly population.

Design and Setting

Information of participants was collected in the Dongfeng-Tongji study, a perspective cohort study of Chinese occupational population. The main outcome was risk of death after 8.5 years of follow-up.

Participants and measurements

We examined the association of BMI, waist circumference (WC, and waist–height ratio (WHtR) with all-cause mortality in the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study (n=26,143). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause mortality. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to calculate the power of prediction models.

Results

During a mean of 8.5 years of follow-up, 2,246 deaths were identified. There is a U-shaped association of BMI with all-cause mortality in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Compared with individuals with normal BMI, underweight was positively (HR=2.16, 95% CI: 1.73, 2.69) while overweight (HR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.84) and obesity (HR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.79) were negatively associated with all-cause mortality after adjustment for potential confounders including WC. In contrast, WC (Q5 vs. Q1, HR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.86) and WHtR (Q5 vs.Q1, HR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.04) were positively associated with mortality after further adjustment for BMI (P trend < 0.001). Addition of both BMI and WC into the all-cause mortality predictive model significantly increased AUC (P =0.0002) and NRI (NRI = 2.57%, P = 0.0007).

Conclusions

BMI and WC/WHtR were independently associated with all-cause mortality after mutual adjustment. Combination of BMI and WC/WHtR improved the predictive ability of all-cause mortality risk in the middle-aged and elderly population.

     

Niuhuang Jiangya Preparation (a traditional Chinese patent medicine) for essential hypertension: A systematic review

ObjectivesNiuhuang Jiangya Preparation (NHJYP) is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese patent medicines for essential hypertension (EH) in China. Our meta-analysis performed a systematic evaluation on the therapeutic efficacy and safety of NHJYP for EH.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsPubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, CNKI,VIP, Sinomed, and Wanfang Database were searched up to June 2015. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing NHJYP or combined with western antihypertensive drugs (WAD) versus WAD were included. Quality of each trial was assessed according to the Cochrane Reviewers’ Handbook 5. 1.0. Statistical software (RevMan 5.3) was used for data analysis. The primary outcome was categorical or continuous blood pressure, and the secondary outcome was Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome.Results12 RCTs including 1651 cases were identified. The methodological quality of trials was low. Meta-analysis showed that, firstly, NHJYP used alone compared with WAD had no significant effect on BP reduction; however, subgroup analysis was used based on whether apply TCM diagnostic criteria in recruitment. It was suggested that, for population that applied TCM diagnostic criteria, RR = 1.35,95% CI:1.17–1.56，P < 0.0001; for population that didn’t apply TCM diagnostic criteria, RR = 0.96,95% CI：0.70–1.33，P = 0.81.Reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels showed similar results. But there was no significant difference in improving diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Secondly, we found that NHJYP plus WAD probably lower BP (RR = 1.13，95% CI:1.03–1.24,P = 0.01)and improve TCM symptoms than WAD only. And subgroup analysis suggested significant BP reduction effect for population that applied TCM diagnostic. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsOur review indicated that NHJYP has some beneficial effects in EH patients with liver-yang hyperactivity and abundant phlegm-heat syndrome. However, the evidence is not reliable enough. To produce definite evidence, more rigorously designed trials are needed.     

托莫西汀治疗儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的疗效与安全性的系统评价

目的:系统评价托莫西汀治疗儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的疗性与安全性。方法:计算机检索Cochrane library、Medline、EMbase、中国生物医学文献数据库,查找托莫西汀治疗儿童ADHD的随机对照试验(RCT),采用Rev Man 5.1统计软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入17项RCT,包括2 548例患儿。Meta分析结果显示,治疗后托莫西汀组的注意缺陷/多动评定量表(ADHD-RS)总分值[MD=-7.53,95%CI(-9.56,-5.51),P<0.01]、ADHD-RS多动/冲动分量表分值[MD=-4.15,95%CI(-5.25,-3.06),P<0.01]、ADHD-RS注意缺陷分量表分值[MD=-3.80,95%C(I-5.08,-2.51),P<0.01]及临床总体印象-总体严重度量表(CGI-S)分值[MD=-0.74,95%C(I-1.23,-0.26),P<0.01]改善均显著优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义;两组患儿治疗过程中脱落失访例数比较,差异无统计学意义[RR=1.00,95%C(I0.85,1.18),P=0.99];托莫西汀组患儿比对照组更容易发生恶心、呕吐、食欲减退、腹痛、头痛、头晕、倦怠、易激惹、疲劳、体质量下降等不良反应(P<0.05)。结论:托莫西汀治疗儿童ADHD具有良好的疗效,可显著改善儿童ADHD的多动/冲动以及注意缺陷,其耐受性与对照组无显著性差异,但应注意其不良反应。     

卡络磺钠注射液与注射用头孢匹胺钠的配伍稳定性

目的:考察室温下卡络磺钠注射液与注射用头孢匹胺钠在0.9%氯化钠注射液中的配伍稳定性。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱梯度洗脱法同时测定卡络磺钠与头孢匹胺钠在0.9%氯化钠注射液中配伍后8 h内各时间点含量,同时测定pH值,观察配伍液的外观变化。结果:8 h内配伍液外观、pH及含量均无明显变化。结论:在室温下,卡络磺钠注射液与注射用头孢匹胺钠在0.9%氯化钠注射液中8 h内可以配伍使用。     

血清糖类抗原及癌胚抗原联合检测在肺癌诊断中的意义

目的 评价联合检测血清糖类抗原CA199、CA125、CA153及癌胚抗原(CEA)4项指标对肺癌的诊断价值.方法 选取53例肺癌患者作为肺癌组,48例同期住院的良性肺疾病患者作为良性肺疾病组,50例同期体检合格的健康成人作为健康对照组,采用化学发光免疫分析法检测3组入选对象的CA199、CA125、CA153、CEA血清水平并进行对比.结果 肺癌患者血清CA199、CA125、CA153、CEA值均明显高于健康对照组及良性肺疾病组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);CA199、CA125、CA153、CEA 4项指标联合检测的敏感性(75.84%)和较单项指标检测敏感性(CA199为23.12%,CA125为38.45%,CA153为21.33%,CEA为35.11%)均有提高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 联合检测血清CA199、CA125、CA153及CEA能提高对肺癌的阳性检出率,临床诊断价值更大.