GIS-EpiLink: A Spatial Search Tool for Linking Environmental and Health Data

One inherent characteristic of both environmental data and health data is that they have a location component. This characteristic makes Geographic Information Systems (GIS) an ideal and sometimes indispensable tool for analyzing environmental and health data. Indeed, the past decade witnessed significant efforts in developing GIS tools for supporting epidemiologic research. Despite these efforts, the availability of accessible GIS tools that can be easily used by epidemiologists to link environmental and health data has remained a problem. We present a simple spatial search tool—GIS-EpiLink—that can be used to link environmental and health data when distance between an environmental site and the location of the maternal address of a case or control is used as a proxy for exposure. The tool was used in a research project and it successfully provided the necessary data for epidemiological analyses. This tool should be very useful to epidemiologists in environmental health research.     

WHO全球信息库对我国慢性病数据共享服务的启示

慢性非传染性疾病已成为危害我国居民健康的主要公共卫生问题之一。本文通过文献分析了我国慢性病及其危险因素的监测及调查数据资源现状,同时比较WHO全球信息库和我国公共卫生数据中心的在线共享服务,对今后的慢病及其危险因素的数据共享服务机制和模式进行了探讨和展望。     

全国法定传染病报告率评估调查抽样方法设计

目的 为获取全国医疗机构法定传染病报告率水平,研究制定相应的抽样方法和抽样方案。方法 利用2005年以来传染病报告率相关调查资料和传染病网络直报系统的传染病报告信息,根据分层整群多阶段抽样的理论和方法,分别计算总体样本、各层样本量、各阶段样本点数,并对计算结果进行归并,完成抽样框架设计。结果 最终确定本次调查的总样本量为1998例,按省级、地市级、县(区)级、乡镇级报告机构进行分层,每层内调查样本分别为270、540、864和324例;各层内分别采用3、4、5、6个阶段确定抽样调查样本点。调查范围覆盖9个省、27个地市、27个县(区)、54个乡镇,每个行政区划内随机调查1所对应级别的传染病报告单位。结论 本次调查首次将分层整群多阶段抽样应用到传染病报告率评估工作中。在抽样设计过程中,通过限制样本误差,增加置信度,在保证从调查样本到总体推断的精度同时,也减少了调查过程中的人力、物力和时间投入,大大提高调查效率,为今后开展类似工作提供参考。     

Incidence of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia in Japan and Taiwan population‐based cancer registries, 1996–2003

Few studies have investigated the incidence rate of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM) in Asian populations. We assessed the incidence of LPL/WM using data from 13 population‐based cancer registries in Japan and data from the Taiwan National Cancer registry. During 1996–2003, a total of 280 new cases of LPL/WM were recorded in Japan and 56 were recorded in Taiwan, with the median age at diagnosis being 73 and 67 years, respectively. The incidence of LPL/WM showed male predominance in both countries. Crude age‐specific incidence rates increased sharply with age in both countries, especially in people >65 years. Age‐standardized (to the World standard population) incidence rates per 100,000 person‐years were 0.043 (0.071 for men and 0.023 for women) and 0.031 (0.041 for men and 0.020 for women) in Japan and Taiwan, respectively. Age‐standardized (to the 2,000 US standard population) incidence rates in Japan and Taiwan were lower than rates reported in the literature for Asians living in the United State. A significant increasing trend was observed in the incidence over the period from 1996 to 2003 in Japan alone. This report suggests that both environmental and/or genetic factors may be involved in LPL/WM development.     

情报学经典理论对学术期刊编辑工作的启示

目的布拉德福、齐普夫、洛特卡定律及竞争情报理论对学术期刊编辑工作的启示,特别是在报道领域的选择、规范词的应用、组稿、期刊核心著者群的维护等方面有很多借鉴意义。