A randomized controlled trial: Comparison of one-per-mil tumescent technique and tourniquet in surgery for burn hand contracture in creating clear operative field and assessment of functional outcome

BackgroundThis study aims to compare the use of one-per-mil tumescent solution (a mixture of epinephrine and 0.2% lidocaine in a ratio of 1:1,000,000 in normal saline solution) and tourniquet to create clear operative fields and to evaluate the functional outcomes after post burn hand contracture surgery.MethodsThe subjects of this randomized controlled trial were divided into one-permil tumescent technique and tourniquet group for a similar surgical procedure. Three independent assessors evaluated the clarity of the operative fields through recorded videos for the first 15 min and the first 10-minute of each hour of the surgery. Functional outcome was evaluated at least three months postoperatively using total active and passive motion (TAM and TPM) of each digit. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were tested during baseline (5 min before the procedures), ischemia phase, and reperfusion phase (a phase when the blood flow returned to the tissue).Results35 subjects were included in this study: 17 in the tumescent group and 18 in the tourniquet group. We found a significant difference in the clarity of operative field between tumescent and tourniquet groups, 5 vs 35 bloodless operative fields, respectively (p < 0.05). TAM and TPM of each digit before surgery and 3 months postoperatively showed no significant difference between both groups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, we found no difference in MDA and TNF-α levels between both groups at their respective phases.ConclusionsThe use of one-per-mil tumescent technique does not replace tourniquet use to create bloodless operative fields in burned hand contracture surgery. However, the postoperative functional results were similar in both groups showing that tumescent technique can be used as an alternative to tourniquet without compromising outcomes. The MDA and TNF-α examinations do not provide conclusive outcomes regarding ischemia and reperfusion injury.     

待分类的精神病性和非精神病性精神障碍与精神分裂症的对比分析

目的 探讨待分类的精神病性和非精神病性精神障碍临床特征。方法 对待分类的精神病性和非精神病性精神障碍与精神分裂症临床资料进行对比分析。结果 待分类的精神病性障碍与精神分裂症在发病年龄、复发率、阳性家族史、治疗和疗效上无显著性差异；待分类的非精神病性精神障碍在复发率、阳性家族史及治愈率上与前两者有显著性差异。结论 待分类的精神病性障碍与精神分裂症可能具有同源性，部分非精神病性精神障碍与两者可能不同源。     

Alterations of G-protein Coupling Function in Phosphoinositide Signalling Pathways of Rat Hippocampus by Ischaemic Brain Injury

The activation of membrane-associated phospholipase C is rapidly and transiently induced in the central nervous system by a variety of stimuli. Ischaemic brain injury is one of the situations that leads to a dramatic increase in polyphosphoinositide (PPI) turnover. In this study, stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by glutamate (500 μM) was measured in hippocampal slices from rats up to 21 days after an ischaemic insult of 30 min. Ischaemia was induced using the four-vessel occlusion method. PPI hydrolysis elicited by glutamate was significantly increased in the slices prepared from ischaemic rats 24 h after reperfusion, the accumulation of inositol phosphates (InsP_s) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP₃) was 614±74% ( n = 8) and 182±11% ( n = 9) of the basal level respectively. This potentiation was also observed 21 days after ischaemia. Hyper-responsiveness to glutamate was also accompanied by an increase in AIF⁻₄-stimulated formation of [³H]inositol phosphates. In addition, global ischaemia did not change either high-affinity [³H]glutamate binding in hippocampal membranes or the stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by carbachol or noradrenaline in hippocampal slices. The present results suggest that the increased responsiveness to glutamate is the result, at least in part, of functional changes at the G-protein level, and may contribute to the pathophysiology of ischaemic brain injury or to the regenerative phenomena that accompany ischaemic damage.     

严重Pilon骨折的手术治疗

目的总结严重Pilon骨折的不同手术方法、手术时机及治疗效果。方法对2000～2004年进行手术治疗的123例严重Pilon骨折患者进行回顾性研究。开放性损伤24例,闭合性损伤99例;均为Rüedi-Allgwer分型Ⅲ型。根据骨折的不同形态和软组织损伤情况分别采用胫骨三叶草钢板 腓骨1/3管形板固定,胫骨三叶草钢板 胫骨克氏针固定,腓骨1/3管形板或克氏针固定 胫骨超关节外固定支架固定,多枚克氏针内固定。结果所有患者均获得8～36个月(平均19.6个月)随访。骨愈合时间12～36周,平均13.4周。应用Tenny评分系统评估治疗效果,优22例,良64例,可27例,差10例;优良率为69.9%。术后5例出现皮肤坏死;4例感染;6例过下胫腓联合的螺丝钉断裂;3例骨延迟愈合;1例过早负重,出现骨折端畸形愈合。结论严重Pilon骨折根据不同的骨折类型、软组织损伤程度及医疗条件选择不同的手术方式和手术时机,均可取得良好的治疗效果。     

麻痹性痴呆的临床特征与诊断(附2例报告)

目的探讨麻痹性痴呆的临床特征，以及实验室及影像学检查在诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析2例麻痹性痴呆患者的临床资料，并结合文献进行讨论。结果主要临床表现为隐匿起病，进行性加重性痴呆、精神障碍、癫痫发作等；2例患者均被误诊。血清及脑脊液快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验（RPR）阳性，梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验（TPPA）阳性，头颅MRI主要表现为弥漫性脑萎缩。结论麻痹性痴呆的临床表现复杂多变，早期误诊率高；诊断主要根据临床特点、血清学及脑脊液检查综合考虑。     

谷氨酰胺对内毒素血症大鼠小肠营养作用的实验研究

35只大鼠随机分为四组 ,A组为正常对照组 ,B组为谷氨酰胺肠外营养组 (Gln TPN) ,C组为不含Gln的常规TPN组和经肠道营养的D组。内毒素以每天每公斤体重 2mg的剂量 ,混入营养液或等渗盐水中 ,持续滴注 5d。结果显示 ,B组肠壁蛋白质和DNA含量高于C组 ,其中回肠蛋白质含量有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5)。在绒毛高度、小肠粘膜及全层厚度等指标B组也明显优于C组 (P <0 .0 5) ,经肠道营养的D组在上述组织学观察数值上均与正常组相近 ,且粘膜厚度、绒毛高度均超过正常值 (P <0 .0 5)。B、D两组肠道细菌易位率均低于C组 (P <0 .0 5)。研究结果表明 ,加入Gln的TPN有助于防止内毒素血症大鼠肠粘膜萎缩及细菌易位。早期应用经肠道营养更具有积极的生理意义     

可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1在妊娠期高血压疾病中的作用

目的:探讨可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1在妊娠期高血压疾病患者血浆中的变化,为临床诊治提供依据。方法:用ELISA法检测29例妊娠期高血压疾病患者血浆中可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1水平,并与正常妊娠组和正常对照组进行组间比较。结果:子痫前期组、妊娠期高血压组、正常妊娠组晚期及正常对照组的可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1水平分别为1129.82±399.16、794.35±255.57、661.51±301.79及549.23±139.98ng/ml。组间比较,子痫前期组与妊娠期高血压组之间P<0.05,与正常妊娠组晚期及正常对照组之间P<0.001;妊娠期高血压组与正常对照组之间P<0.001;妊娠期高血压组与正常妊娠组晚期相比P>0.05,正常妊娠组3个不同孕龄阶段P>0.05。结论:可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1在妊娠期高血压疾病时显著升高,并随病情的加重而增高,可作为该病诊断和监控的一项指标。     

LncRNA ABHD11-AS1在Erastin诱导的胰腺癌细胞铁死亡中的作用及其机制

［摘要］目的： 探讨长链非编码RNA(long non coding RNA,lncRNA)α/β 水解酶结构域蛋白11的反义链1(α/β hydrolase domain containing protein 11 antisense strand 1,ABHD11 AS1)在Erastin诱导的胰腺癌细胞铁死亡中的作用及其潜在机制。方法: 通过GEPIA平台分析ABHD11 AS1在胰腺癌中的表达和患者预后。采用荧光实时定量PCR(qRT PCR)检测人胰腺癌PANC1、MIApaca 2和PaTu8988细胞中ABHD11 AS1表达,CCK8法计算Erastin半数抑制浓度(IC50)。在PANC1细胞中过表达ABHD11 AS1,分别转染pcDNA3.1、pcDNA3.1 ABHD11 AS1质粒;在PaTu8988细胞中干扰ABHD11 AS1表达,分别转染siControl、siRNA1、siRNA2,qRT PCR检测转染效率,分别予以对照(0 μmol/L Erastin)、Erastin(IC50浓度)处理,CCK8法检测细胞活性,ELISA法检测丙二醛和还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)含量;另在pcDNA3-1-ABHD11-AS1和siRNA1组加入Erastin的同时加入铁死亡挽救剂Ferrostatin 1,坏死挽救剂Necrostatin-1或凋亡挽救剂Z-VAD-FMK,CCK8法检测细胞活性;免疫印迹法检测5组胰腺癌细胞中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4)、雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)以及磷酸化mTOR(p-mTOR)表达水平。结果: 胰腺癌组织中ABHD11-AS1表达水平明显高于癌旁组织,高表达ABHD11-AS1组患者预后较差(P<0.05)。ABHD11-AS1相对表达量由低到高依次是人胰腺癌PANC1、MIApaca 2和PaTu8988细胞,Erasin IC50趋势与ABHD11 AS1表达量相同,依次是2.245、11.760、17.120 μmol/L。与pcDNA3.1组相比,pcDNA3.1 ABHD11 AS1组细胞活性及GSH含量明显增高,而丙二醛含量明显降低(P<0.05);与siControl组相比,siRNA1组和siRNA2组细胞活性及GSH含量明显降低,丙二醛含量明显增高(P均<0.05)。仅Ferrostatin-1可以挽救pcDNA3.1-ABHD11 AS1和siRNA1组细胞活性(P<0.05)。过表达ABHD11 AS1可促进mTOR活化,增强GPX4表达(P<0.05);而干扰ABHD11 AS1则相反。结论: LncRNA ABHD11 AS1可通过活化mTOR促进GPX4表达,从而促进胰腺癌细胞铁死亡抵抗。     

卒中后认知障碍患者粪便钙卫蛋白测定及其与血清炎性因子的相关性

目的： 探讨卒中后认知障碍（post stroke cognitive impairment,PSCI）患者粪便钙卫蛋白（fecal calprotectin,FC）水平及其与认知状态和血清炎性因子的相关性。方法: 收集2021年3月至2022年3月就诊的PSCI患者32例、卒中后无认知障碍（post stroke with no cognitive impairment,PSNCI）患者44例和无卒中对照者25例,检测并对比3组中FC水平以及PSCI组治疗前后的FC水平。对PSCI组进行简易智力状态检查量表（mini mental state examination,MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA）评估,并检测血清C 反应蛋白（CRP）和白介素 6（IL 6）的水平。结果: PSCI组、PSNCI组和对照组的年龄、性别、吸烟史、饮酒史未见明显差异,高血压史和糖尿病史在3组间存在显著差异（P<0.05）,PSCI组FC水平显著高于PSNCI组和对照组（P<0.01）。对PSCI患者改善认知治疗1个月后,PSCI患者FC水平较治疗前显著降低（P<0.01）。在PSCI组中,FC水平与MoCA评分和MMSE评分呈负相关（P<0.01）,与血清CRP水平和血清IL 6水平呈正相关（P<0.01）。结论: PSCI患者FC水平升高,与PSCI患者的认知功能和血清炎性因子具有相关性,在PSCI的发生机制中发挥重要作用。