A combination of Sinomenine and Methotrexate reduces joint damage of collagen induced arthritis in rats by modulating osteoclast-related cytokines

ObjectiveTo analyze the combination therapy of Sinomenine (SIN) and Methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we herein demonstrated the combination effect of SIN and MTX on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats through their modulation on osteoclast-related cytokines.MethodsCIA was induced by the immunization of type II collagen (CII) in SD rats. SIN and MTX were administrated alone or in combination after the onset of arthritis. Arthritis index and histological analysis were used to evaluate the effect of treatments. Effects of SIN and MTX on expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteopontin (OPN) in synovial tissues were assayed by immunohistochemistry. RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), IL-6, IL-17 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in rat serum were measured by ELISA. The expression of osteoclast-related cytokines in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients was assayed by RT-PCR.ResultsSIN and MTX combination additively reduced the inflammatory symptoms and joint damage in CIA. Combination of SIN and MTX significantly repressed synovial RANKL and OPN production. SIN and MTX exhibited complementary and synergistic effect upon down-regulating RANKL, IL-6, IL-17 and MMPs in rat serum. SIN and MTX also modulated the expression of RANKL and OPG in RA-FLS.ConclusionSIN and MTX have additive effects, decreasing inflammation and joint damage in CIA rats by modulating osteoclast-related cytokines. These results are indicative of the combined effect of SIN and MTX for anti-arthritic treatment in RA.     

卵巢卵黄囊瘤的声像图特征、临床病理与预后分析

目的分析并总结卵巢卵黄囊瘤（OYST）的声像图特征、临床病理特点及预后。 方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2020年12月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院行超声检查、经手术病理证实的OYST患者10例,记录患者的临床资料、声像图特点、病理结果及分期、治疗方式及预后。通过与病理结果进行对照,分析各例患者超声特点,总结能够提示OYST的主要或特定声像图特征。 结果OYST患者年龄偏小（≤30岁）,肿块体积大（最大径94~265 mm）,肿瘤内部回声以实性为主,常单侧发病,形状规则,血流信号丰富,甲胎蛋白常异常增高（多数＞1000 ng/ml）。10例OYST患者均选择手术治疗,其中1例患者手术后因肿瘤全身转移伴盆腔脓肿死亡,1例合并妊娠者足月顺产一健康婴儿。2例Ⅲ A期患者死亡,2例Ⅲ C期及6例Ⅰ C期患者均无瘤生存,其中6例患者保留生育功能,化疗后3个月内均恢复正常月经,3例患者已完成生育,生育子女健康。 结论OYST具有某些特定的超声征象,正确认识其声像图特征并结合相关临床及实验室检查,对于该病的术前评估至关重要。     

毛面乳房假体和光面乳房假体隆乳术后包膜挛缩率的Meta分析

目的 利用Meta分析方法定量比较光面乳房假体和毛面乳房假体隆乳术后的包膜挛缩发生率.方法 以breast augmentation、capsular contracture、smooth implant、textured implant、隆乳、乳房假体等检索词在MEDLINE数据库、EMBASE数据库、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普生物数据库等检索,最大限度地收集毛面乳房假体和光面乳房假体隆乳的文献,提取其包膜挛缩和其他并发症的数据进行整合,以获得比值比（odds ratio,OR）合并值.各合并数据使用RevMan 5.2软件进行分析.结果 对11项研究毛面乳房假体和光面乳房假体的临床对照试验进行Meta分析后得出,包膜挛缩发生率的合并OR值为0.32,95％可信区间（CI）为0.18～0.58,P=0.0002.除包膜挛缩外,其他并发症发生率的合并OR值为1.31,95％ CI为0.96～1.77,P=0.09.结论 毛面乳房假体隆乳术后发生包膜挛缩风险低于光面乳房假体.     

强直性脊柱炎患者不同部位骨密度精确性比较及临床意义

目的比较强直性脊柱炎（AS）不同部位骨密度（BMD）测量精确性。方法对27例AS均行双能X线吸收法（DEXA）测定BMD,测定并记录腰椎、股骨颈和桡骨远端BMDZ值。记录患者病程,根据病程将患者分为A组（早期组,病程〈10年）和B组（晚期组,病程≥10年）。结果A、B组腰椎BMDZ值比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,股骨颈与桡骨远端BMDZ值2组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。A组腰椎BMD更低,更能反映患者的低骨量状况;B组腰椎BMD增高,股骨颈BMD更能反映患者的低骨量状况。结论在早期AS患者中。腰椎BMD具有更好的精确性,更能准确反映其低骨量状态;但在晚期AS患者,腰椎BMD精确性降低,股骨颈BMD更能准确地反映其低骨量状态。     

Prompt surgery is effective for acute type A aortic dissection with cerebral ischemia

BackgroundAcute type A aortic dissection (aTAAD) with preoperative cerebral ischemia (CI) is common and lethal, but the timing and treatment method remain uncertain. We retrospectively reviewed our aTAAD patients with CI and analyzed the outcomes and related risk factors.MethodsFrom January 2011 to December 2019, 1,173 patients diagnosed with aTAAD from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were enrolled. Among them, 131 patients had CI preoperatively (CI group), and 1,042 patients were in the non-CI group. One hundred eight in the CI group and 984 in the non-CI group received central repair surgery. Fifteen patients had postoperative cerebral complications (CC) and 93 had non-CCs. ROC curves were used to identify the safe duration of preoperative CI.ResultsThe CI group was older (56.3 vs. 53.2 years, P=0.013) and had lower rates of pain, chest pain and back pain (77.9% vs. 94.4%, 75.4% vs. 87.5% and 30.8% vs. 42.3%, respectively) than the non-CI group. The CI group had a higher rate of preoperative hypotension and tamponade (13.7% vs. 6.0%, 26.9% vs. 10.4%, respectively; P=0.000). More patients in the CI group did not receive central repair surgery, and the CI had higher mortality (28.2% vs. 15.9%). CI without central repair surgery was a strong risk factor for mortality. CI patients with CC after central repair had a higher mortality, and preoperative coma was the strongest risk factor for postoperative CC.A duration between CI symptoms and central repair surgery of less than 12.75 hours is recommended.ConclusionsPrompt surgery is effective for aTAAD with CI, and preoperative coma and a safe duration longer than 12.75 hours would predict worse outcomes.     

The immune profiles and “minimizing tacrolimus” strategy for long-term survival recipients after liver transplantation

正To the Editor : Liver transplantation (LT) has become a major and effective therapeutic approach for end-stage liver disease [1] . However, 10- year graft and patient survival rates remained low with 54% and 61%, respectively [2] . Improving the outcome of long-term LT has become a major focus of the transplantation community.     

1型糖尿病患者心理痛苦的现状及其影响因素研究

目的探讨1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者心理痛苦的现状及其影响因素。方法选取2019年8月至2020年1月于南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院治疗的199例T1DM患者,当面向患者发放一般资料调查问卷、T1DM痛苦量表、医学应对方式问卷和领悟社会支持量表进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关分析法分析T1DM患者心理痛苦得分与应对方式及社会支持的相关性。采用logistic多元线性回归分析法分析T1DM患者心理痛苦的影响因素。结果199例T1DM患者中伴有糖尿病痛苦者173例,检出率为88.44%。T1DM患者心理痛苦总得分为(2.15±0.61)分。T1DM患者心理痛苦得分与面对、回避应对方式、家庭支持、朋友支持维度均呈负相关(r=-0.867~-0.407,均P<0.01),与屈服应对方式均呈正相关(r=0.407~0.749,P<0.01),与其他支持维度无相关性(均P>0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示:T1DM痛苦总分与共同居住人数(β=-0.116),并发症(β=0.091),严重低血糖事件(β=0.061),采取面对、回避、屈服应对方式(β=-0.118、-0.177、0.116)、家庭支持(β=-0.363)和朋友支持得分(β=-0.171)有关(均P<0.05)。结论T1DM患者的心理痛苦处于中等水平,其影响因素有居住状态、糖尿病并发症、近期严重低血糖事件、疾病应对方式和社会支持。     

有氧舞蹈对轻度认知障碍患者认知和运动功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨自主设计的有氧舞蹈对轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者认知和运动功能的干预作用。 方法：将MCI患者随机分为运动组和对照组,运动组接受35min/次、3次/周、为期3个月的有氧舞蹈,对照组仅接受健康宣教。所有受试者在干预前、干预3月后、入组6个月随访时接受认知功能和运动功能评估。 结果：干预前,两组的基线评估结果无显著性差异（P>0.05）。3个月有氧舞蹈干预后,运动组简易精神状态评分（mini-mental state examination, MMSE）、蒙特利尔认知评估(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)评分、韦氏逻辑记忆测试评分、连线测试-A所需时间和连线测试-B所需时间与干预前比较均有显著性差异（P<0.05）;韦氏逻辑记忆量表评分,连线测试-B所需时间与对照组比较有显著性差异（P<0.01,P<0.05）。随访时运动组MoCA评分,韦氏逻辑记忆测试评分、连线测试-A与干预前比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）。3个月干预后,运动组Berg平衡量表评分与干预前和对照组比较差异均有显著性意义（P<0.05）。 结论：有氧舞蹈能够改善MCI患者的认知功能和运动功能。     

吗替麦考酚酯对自身免疫性疾病患者白细胞计数和感染的影响

目的：考察吗替麦考酚酯（MMF）对自身免疫性疾病患者白细胞计数和感染的影响。方法：采用自身前后对照法进行回顾性研究,纳入使用吗替麦考酚酯治疗的免疫病患者共计51人,考察治疗前后患者血液常规检查结果以及感染发生情况。结果：使用吗替麦考酚酯后患者白细胞计数显著降低（6.01 vs. 4.93,P=0.007）。此外,吗替麦考酚酯的使用与细菌感染（P=0.001）和病毒感染（P=0.041）显著相关,但与真菌感染无关（P=0.050）。结论：吗替麦考酚酯治疗自身免疫性疾病可能导致白细胞减少并增加细菌感染和病毒感染发生的风险。因此,在使用吗替麦考酚酯治疗期间,建议定期复查血常规并嘱托患者注意避免劳累、受凉和感染。