深低温冷冻大段同种异体骨移植修复四肢骨肿瘤切除后大段骨缺损

目的：分析大段同种异体骨移植在治疗四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损中的疗效。方法：对30例四肢骨肿瘤．按Enneking分期原则确定切除范围，进行瘤段广泛切除，大段异体骨移植修复骨缺损，平均移植骨段13．6cm，并辅以坚强内固定，对高恶性骨肿瘤进行术前、后化疗。结果：随访4～53个月，治疗满意率为85％，主要并发症是感染、局部复发、肺转移死亡，其发生率为20％，保肢率为80％。结论：大段同种异体骨移植，在治疗四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损方面是一种有效可行的方法。     

Evaluation of matrix metalloproteases as early biomarkers for bone regeneration during the applied Masquelet therapy for non-unions

IntroductionIn the current study, we sought to determine if serum concentrations of MMPs correlate with bone regeneration occurring during the course of the Masquelet-therapy and to identify if MMPs may serve as early biomarkers reflecting successful bone regeneration and tissue remodeling.Material and methodsThis study was designed as a prospective clinical observer study. We compared serum samples over the time of treatment, as a matched-pair analysis, from 10 patients who were treated successfully with the Masquelet-therapy (Responder) with 10 patients who did not respond to the Masquelet-therapy (Non-Responder). The quantitative measurement was performed with Luminex Performance Human High Sensitivity Assays according to manufacturer’s instructions. The lab technician performing the Luminex assays was blinded to both patient data and clinical outcome.ResultsAnalysis of the expression pattern of MMP-2, -8 and -9 showed significant differences between groups. Two days after the first step of the Masquelet therapy Responder showed peak values of MMP-8 and MMP-9 that where significantly higher (p = 0.003 and p = 0.042, respectively) than in Non-Responder. In contrast serum levels of MMP-2 were lower after the first step of the Masquelet therapy in the Non-Responder group. The ratio of MMP-9 and MMP-2 was significantly higher in the Responder group two days after step I (p = 0.031) as well as 4 weeks after step II (p = 0.030).ConclusionThe findings of the current study emphasize the potential role of MMPs as biomarkers in bone remodeling. In particular, a distinct expression of MMP-2 correlates with successful bone regeneration, whereas initial overexpression of MMP-2 serum levels might identify patients that have a higher risk for a poor outcome of the Masquelet-therapy. Furthermore, we were able to introduce the serum analysis of the ratio of MMP-9 and MMP-2 as promising novel modality for early prediction of the outcome of the Masquelet therapy. Further analysis of this ratio over time subsequent to the second step might serve as an early indicator of a favorable response to the induced membrane technique.     

Risk of Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 12-Year Retrospective Cohort Study of 65,898 Patients

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that causes the destruction of soft tissues and cartilage around joints. Owing to the widespread use of potent disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, the need for total knee and hip arthroplasties (TKA and THA) has been reduced in patients with RA. However, the current association between RA and either THA or TKA has not been demonstrated in large-scale epidemiological studies.MethodsWe conducted a large-scale retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with RA during a 12-year period (2000-2012) in Taiwan. We recruited 32,949 patients with RA and 32,949 individually propensity score-matched non-RA controls.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounding factors, we found that the risk of THA or TKA was 4.02 times higher in patients with RA than in those without RA (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.77-4.52). The risk of THA or TKA was highest in patients with RA younger than 40 years (adjusted hazard ratio, 43.18; 95% CI, 16.01-116.47). Compared with non-RA patients, patients with RA were 4.82 times more likely to undergo THA (95% CI, 3.84-6.04), 3.85 times more likely to undergo TKA (95% CI, 3.48-4.25), and 19.06 times more likely to undergo both THA and TKA (95% CI, 8.90-40.80).ConclusionThese findings document a 4.02-fold greater long-term risk of undergoing THA or TKA in RA patients relative to non-RA patients in Taiwan.     

Introduction of a New Treatment Algorithm Reduces the Number of Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Elderly Females

BackgroundIncreasing global usage of cementless prostheses in total hip arthroplasty (THA) presents a challenge, especially for elderly patients. To reduce the risk of early periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFFs), a new treatment algorithm for females older than 60 years undergoing primary THA was introduced. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the new treatment algorithm on the early risk of perioperative and postoperative PFFs and guideline compliance.MethodsA total of 2405 consecutive THAs that underwent primary unilateral THA at our institution were retrospectively identified in the period January 1, 2013-December 31, 2018. A new treatment algorithm was introduced on April 1, 2017 with female patients aged older than 60 years intended to receive cemented femoral components. Before this, all patients were scheduled to receive cementless femoral components. Demographic data, number of perioperative and postoperative PFFs, and surgical compliance were recorded, analyzed, and intergroup differences compared.ResultsThe utilization of cemented components in female patients older than 60 years increased from 12.3% (n = 102) to 82.5% (n = 264). In females older than 60 years, a significant reduction in the risk in early postoperative and intraoperative PFF after introduction of the new treatment algorithm was seen (4.57% vs 1.25%; P = .007 and 2.29% vs 0.31%; P = .02, respectively). Overall risk for postoperative and intraoperative fractures combined was also reduced in the entire cohort (4.1% vs 2.0%; P = .01).ConclusionUse of cemented fixation of the femoral component in female patients older than 60 years significantly reduces the number of PFFs. Our findings support use of cemented femoral fixation in elderly female patients.     

Timing of surgery for hip fractures in the elderly: A retrospective cohort study

IntroductionAlthough early surgery for elderly patients with hip fracture is recommended in existing clinical guidelines, the results of previous studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to compare postoperative outcomes of early and delayed surgery for elderly patients with hip fracture.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective study using a national inpatient database in Japan, patients aged 65 years or older who underwent surgery for hip fracture between July 2010 and March 2014 were included. Early surgery was defined as surgery on the day or the next day of admission. Assessed outcomes included death within 30 days and hospital-acquired pneumonia.ResultsIn this cohort, 47,073 (22.5%) patients underwent surgery for hip fractures within two days of admission (early surgery group) and 161,805 (77.5%) underwent surgery for hip fractures thereafter (delayed surgery group). Early surgery was significantly associated with lower odds for hospital-acquired pneumonia (odds ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.25–0.69) and pressure ulcers (odds ratio, 0.56, 95%CI: 0.33–0.96, p = 0.035), but was not associated with 30-day mortality (odds ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.49–1.86) or pulmonary embolism (odds ratio, 1.62, 95%CI: 0.58–4.52, p = 0.357).ConclusionsThese results support current guidelines, which recommend early surgery for elderly hip fractures patients.     

三种内固定方法治疗老年人骨质疏松性股骨粗隆间骨折分析

目的分析三种内固定方法治疗老年人骨质疏松性股骨粗隆间骨折的优缺点。方法我院自2000年10月～2009年10月收治老年人骨质疏松性股骨粗隆间骨折81例,根据不同类型采用不同的治方法 ,行加压中空螺钉（CLS）16例、动力髋螺钉（DHS）58例、动力髁螺钉（DCS）7例。比较各组手术时间、出血量、骨折愈合时间、以及并发症发生情况。结果术后随访1～7年,平均32个月。加压中空螺钉组手术创伤小、手术时间及术中出血量、术后并发症均明显少于其他手术组（P〈0.05）,其余二组差异无统计学意义。结论三种手术方法各有优缺点,术前仔细分析骨折类型,合理选用内固定,积极治疗骨质疏松症是取得满意效果的必要条件。     

Metal hypersensitivity: can it mimic infection?

Metal hypersensitivity leading onto hardware rejection is reported as a rare phenomenon. If not suspected, it can be a harrowing experience for the patient because it can lead to a seemingly never-ending cycle of tests and procedures. This case highlights the fact that although metal hypersensitivity is rare, it should be included in the differential once infection has been excluded.     

龟鹿二仙胶汤含药血清对兔骨髓基质干细胞增殖的影响

目的：观察龟鹿二仙胶汤对骨髓基质干细胞（BMSCs）增殖的影响,确定影响BMSCs增殖的最佳中药血清浓度。方法：经前期体外分离、纯化、培养获得兔BMSCs,运用不同浓度的龟鹿二仙胶汤中药含药血清对获得的兔BMSCs进行药物干预24、48、72h后,采用MTT、免疫组化、流式细胞仪等方法,研究龟鹿二仙胶汤对BMSCs增殖的影响。结果：MTT比色实验显示,龟鹿二仙胶各浓度组均能不同程度地促进BMSCs的能量代谢,促进BMSCs增殖,与空白对照组相比有显著差异（P〈0．01）,而且以15倍药物浓度组为最佳。免疫组化结果证实,龟鹿二仙胶汤含药血清可通过促进PCNA表达来控制DNA复制,以15倍龟鹿二仙胶汤药物浓度血清培养时BMSCs表达致密的棕褐色颗粒最多,其他浓度组及TGF—β3组较多,空白对照组则最少。FCM结果显示,二仙胶汤药物血清能显著提高BMSCs增殖指数,且以15倍药物浓度龟鹿血清培养时最明显。结论：龟鹿二仙胶汤刺激BMSCs增值与药物浓度有关,低浓度龟鹿二仙胶汤就能显著刺激BMSCs增殖,无论是48h、72h测验均为15倍药物浓度时具有显著的增值作用,而更高浓度龟鹿二仙胶汤则表现为促进BMSCs增殖作用减弱。     

360°节段融合技术在峡部裂翻修中的应用

目的探讨360°节段融合技术在青年腰椎峡部裂翻修中的疗效。方法 2007年1月至2009年12月,采用前、中、后柱360°脊柱节段融合方法翻修治疗峡部裂修补失败患者10例,术后3d开始下床活动,腰围固定2个月。结果平均手术时间为3h,平均失血量为250mL,术后随访12～36个月,所有患者均在术后12个月内愈合,未见内固定松动、断裂。结论 360°脊柱融合方法在腰椎峡部裂翻修中取得了良好疗效,是一个比较理想的手术方式。