Effects of adult enriched environment on cognition,hippocampal-prefrontal plasticity and NMDAR subunit expression in MK-801-induced schizophrenia model

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by psychosis, negative symptoms and cognitive impairment. Cognitive deficits are enduring and represent the most disabling symptom but are currently poorly treated. N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction hypothesis has been notably successful in explaining the pathophysiological findings and symptomatology of schizophrenia. Thereby, NMDAR blockade in rodents represents a useful tool to identify new therapeutic approaches. In this regard, enriched environment (EE) could play an essential role. Using a multilevel approach of behavior, electrophysiology and protein analysis, we showed that a short-term exposure to EE in adulthood ameliorated spatial learning and object-place associative memory impairment observed in postnatally MK-801-treated Long Evans rats. Moreover, EE in adult life restored long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal-medial prefrontal pathway abolished by MK-801 treatment. EE in adulthood also induced a set of modifications in the expression of proteins related to glutamatergic neurotransmission. Taken together, these findings shed new light on the neurobiological effects of EE to reverse the actions of MK-801 and offer a preclinical testing of a therapeutic strategy that may be remarkably effective for managing cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia.     

Diagnosis,treatment and maxillofacial rehabilitation in rhinocerebral mucormycosis patient: A case report and review of the literature

Mucormycosis is an aggressive, rare and opportunistic infectious disease, with a high mortality rate. Etiologic agents are filamentous fungi, and infection among humans normally occurs through spore inhalation. A 61-year-old male individual, presenting left eye amaurosis, dark epistaxis, hyperalgesia and malodor underwent clinical examination, which detected ulcerative lesion and wide bone exposure in the hard palate and alveolar ridge. Direct microbiological examination, microbiological culture and lesion biopsy were performed. Non-septate smooth fungal hyphae forming right angles with each other were observed through the direct microbiological examination. Microbiological culture revealed fast-growing fungal colonies with cottony texture, identified as Rhizopus sp. Histopathological examination exhibited necrosis areas, intense mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and bulky hyphae, thus concluding the mucormycosis diagnosis. Amphotericin B antifungal therapy and surgical intervention were adopted as treatment. The patient was then rehabilitated with maxillofacial prosthesis, subsequently to the healing of the surgical wound.     

低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白1基因多态性与中国人阿尔茨海默病发病风险的meta分析

目的探讨低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白1(LRP-1)基因C766T位点多态与中国人阿尔茨海默病(AD)发病风险的关系。方法应用LRP-1、low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 gene、阿尔茨海默病等关键词,检索中国期刊全文数据库(CJFD)、Medline、Cochrane图书馆与中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc)4个数据库,对1997年1月至2019年6月公开发表的关于中国人阿尔茨海默病LRP-1基因多态性的病例对照研究进行meta分析。结果共纳入16项病例对照研究。综合数据分析,CC基因型及C等位基因与中国人AD发病相关,均P0.05,差异有统计学意义;中国人携带CC基因型发生AD的风险是携带CT/TT基因型的1.477倍,携带C等位基因发生AD的风险是携带T等位基因的1.669倍。CC基因型及C等位基因与汉族人AD发病亦相关,均P0.05,差异有统计学意义;汉族人携带CC基因型发生AD的风险是携带CT/TT基因型的1.711倍,携带C等位基因发生AD的风险是携带T等位基因的2.005倍。结论 LRP-1基因C766T位点多态性与中国人,尤其是汉族人AD发病风险相关,携带CC基因型和C等位基因的个体有更大风险发生AD。     

Genetic screening and analysis of TUBB8 variants in females seeking ART

Research question: More than 100 variants have been identified in the TUBB8 gene, which account for approximately 30% of infertile women with oocyte maturation defects. But what is the correlation between the highly phenotypic diversity and genetic variability? Are there other variants in TUBB8 related to female infertility?Design: TUBB8 resequencing was performed in 80 female subjects who were experiencing infertility and were seeking treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (ART), or had ever experienced ART failure due to oocyte maturation defects. All variants were evaluated with pedigree analysis, population frequency, in-silico analysis and molecular modelling. The effects of the variants on oocytes/arrested embryos were assessed by morphological observations, immunostaining, embryo biopsies and chromosome euploidy analysis.Results: Nine missense variants and two frameshift variants from an additional 15 families were identified, including four novel variants and seven previously reported recurrent variants. These TUBB8 variants were related to highly variable phenotypes, including abnormalities in oocyte maturation or morphology, fertilization failure, embryonic development abnormalities and implantation failure. Also further clarified were the incomplete penetrance of heterozygous p.E108K, the likely benign significance of heterozygous p.A313V and the clinical effect of a novel variant of p.R380C.Conclusions: This study significantly expands the variant spectrum of the TUBB8 gene and, together with the available findings on TUBB8 variants and female infertility, will potentially facilitate the genetic counselling of infertile women in future.     

新冠肺炎疫情时期妇科病房管理策略及思考

 

新型冠状病毒感染疫情给社会和经济带来极大影响,也严重影响抗击疫情非一线科室的日常医疗运行。本文总结了新型冠状病毒疫情暴发以来中南大学湘雅医院妇科病房运行的相关经验,针对妇科病房收治患者过程中的各个环节所需的医务防护措施,以及如何应用网络平台对患者进行全病程管理的讨论和建议,以期做到在工作人员安全防护前提下患者的精准管理。

     

Long-Term Outcomes of Cementing Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Liners Into Well-Fixed Acetabular Shells in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundCementing a new liner into a secure, well-positioned metallic shell can be a less-invasive strategy in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aimed to report the mean 14-year outcomes of cementing highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) liners into well-fixed acetabular shells in revision THAs.MethodsThis study reviewed a single-surgeon series of cementing XLPE liners into well-fixed acetabular components. Of the 52 hips (51 patients) evaluated, 48 hips (47 patients) that satisfied a minimum follow-up of 10 years were included. The Harris Hip score was used for clinical evaluation. Final hip radiographs were used to determine the extent of acetabular osteolysis and stability of the components. The mean age at index operation was 53 years (range, 32 to 72). The mean follow-up duration was 14 years (range, 10 to 18).ResultsThe mean Harris Hip score improved from 58 points (range, 23-81) preoperatively to 91 points (range, 45-100) at the final evaluation (P < .001). A total of 3 acetabular rerevisions were performed, all for aseptic loosening of the outer shell. One postoperative dislocation occurred, but it was successfully treated with a closed reduction. Final radiographs showed a significant reduction in acetabular osteolysis (P < .001). Implant survivorship free from any rerevision was 93.3% (95% confidence interval, 85.9-100%) at 14 years.ConclusionCementing an XLPE liner into a well-fixed acetabular shell in revision THA demonstrated excellent clinical and radiographic outcomes at a mean of 14 years postoperatively. This technique could be a safe and durable option in the absence of XLPE liners compatible with preimplanted shells.