Impact of Hepatitis B virus infection on postoperative complications and length of stay in elderly patients with hip fracture: A retrospective cohort study

BackgroundOsteoporosis and subsequent fractures are common in the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) population, especially in the elderly. This study investigated the effects of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on postoperative outcomes following hip fracture surgery.MethodsThe study identified elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at three academic tertiary care centres between January 2014 and December 2020. Propensity score matching was performed to compare the outcomes of 1,046 patients with HBV infection to 1,046 controls.ResultsThe seroprevalence of HBV among elderly patients undergoing hip surgery was 4.94%. The HBV cohort had significantly higher rates of medical complications (28.1 vs. 22.7%, p = 0.005), surgical complications (14.0 vs. 9.7%, p = 0.003), and unplanned readmissions (18.9 vs. 14.5%, p = 0.03) within 90 days of surgery. Patients with HBV infection were more likely to have increased length of stay (6.2 vs. 5.9 days, p = 0.009) and in-hospital charges (¥52,231 vs. ¥49,832, p < 0.00001). Multivariate logistic regression suggested that liver fibrosis and thrombocytopenia were independent risk factors for major complications and extended LOS.ConclusionPatients with HBV infection were at greater risk of adverse postoperative outcomes. We should pay more attention to the considerable burden of perioperative management of CHB patients. Due to the high proportion of undiagnosed patients in the Chinese elderly population, universal HBV screening should be considered preoperatively.     

肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系的构建

目的：构建肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系,为肺结核临床护理质量管理提供参考依据。方法：以Donabedian的“结构–过程–结果 ”三维质量评价模型为理论基础,通过文献检索、德尔菲专家函询法、层次分析法确立肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系。结果：共有45名专家完成两轮函询,问卷有效回收率均为100%;专家权威系数（Cr）分别为0.822和0.859;两轮函询肯德尔协调系数（Kendall’s W）分别为0.140～0.379和0.107～0.665,P均<0.01。根据条目筛选标准、专家意见及院内外专家小组会议讨论结果,确立终版评价指标体系含一级指标3项,二级指标18项,三级指标73项。结论：肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系结构合理,构建过程科学、可靠,可为肺结核专科护理质量管理及专业学科发展提供理论参考。     

数字医学技术在儿童腹部实质脏器损伤诊治中的临床应用效果

目的:探讨儿童腹部实质脏器损伤诊治中应用数字医学技术的效果。方法:选取2016年1月至2022年8月贵港市人民医院采用数字医学技术指导期间诊治的100例腹部实质脏器损伤患儿作为观察组,另选取2012年1月至2015年12月未采用数字医学技术指导期间诊治的100例腹部实质脏器损伤患儿作为对照组,比较两组患儿中,不同创伤类型患儿在保守治疗中的输血量、住院时间、保守治疗成功率;以及不同创伤类型的患儿中转手术治疗的术中出血量、手术时间及术后并发症情况。结果:选择保守治疗的患儿中,观察组肝损伤、脾损伤、肾损伤患儿的保守治疗成功率均高于对照组,输血量均少于对照组,住院时间均短于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P <0.05);中转手术治疗的患儿中,观察组肝损伤、脾损伤、肾损伤患儿的术中出血量均少于对照组,手术时间均短于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组中不同创伤类型患儿的手术并发症发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论:数字医学技术应用在儿童腹部实质脏器损伤诊治中,可为治疗方案的选择提供准确的指导,有助于提高治疗方案的效果,改善患儿临床指标,缩短住...     

深圳市急性缺血性脑卒中复发的危险因素及风险评估

目的探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)复发的危险因素及复发风险评估。方法通过调查深圳市某三级医院历史病案数据资料,回顾性研究2011—2017年收治新发住院AIS病例及其复发情况共1779例(年龄≥18岁),基于多因素cox回归模型评估深圳市AIS复发的影响因素。结果高血压(HR=2.862)、饮酒史(HR=1.002)、NIHSS≥4分(HR=2.868)和Essen≥3分(HR=2.997~4.743)是AIS患者复发的高危预测因素(P<0.05)。结论高血压、饮酒史、NIHSS及Essen评分高均是AIS复发的危险因素,尽早对AIS患者进行筛查和强化管理是预防复发的关键。     

Survival outcomes after breast-conserving therapy compared with mastectomy for patients with early-stage metaplastic breast cancer: a population-based study of 2412 patients

BackgroundPrevious studies revealed that patients with early-stage metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) underwent mastectomy more often than breast-conserving therapy (BCT) mainly due to the larger tumor size. This study was performed to compare the survival outcomes following BCT versus mastectomy for patients with early-stage MBC.MethodsSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify women diagnosed with early-stage MBC (T1-3N0-3M0) between 2001 and 2016, who were treated with either BCT or mastectomy. We assessed overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) using the Kaplan-Meier method and hazard ratios using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsA total of 2412 MBC patients were identified, 881 (36.5%) of whom underwent BCT and 1531(63.5%) underwent mastectomy. The median follow-up time was 73 months. Most of patients had older age (≥50 years old), larger tumor size, higher American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage and hormone receptor negativity. After adjustment for confounding variables, patients who underwent BCT had significantly improved OS (5-year OS: 84.3% vs 62.5%; 10-year OS: 73.0% vs 52.1%; adjusted HR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.59–0.97, p = 0.028) and BCSS (5-year BCSS: 89.1% vs 70.8%; 10-year BCSS: 83.9% vs 67.5%; adjusted HR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.53–0.96, p = 0.026) than those who underwent mastectomy, and this improvement remained significant for all T and N stages of MBC except for N2-3 stage.ConclusionBCT conferred improved OS and BCSS compared with mastectomy for patients with early-stage MBC, and the improvement persisted in almost all of the subgroups of different T and N stages.     

上调lncRNA SNHG12与miR-199a-5p/FZD6轴对肝细胞癌细胞增殖、侵袭和上皮-间质转化的影响

背景与目的：肝细胞癌（HCC）是临床上常见的恶性肿瘤之一,侵袭、转移和术后复发是导致HCC患者死亡的主要原因。目前认为长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）的失调可能与各类癌症的发生和转移有关。有研究显示lncRNA SNHG12在HCC组织表达明显上调,但其具体功能尚不清楚。故本研究探讨lncRNA SNHG12在HCC细胞中的作用及机制。 方法：用qRT-PCR检测SNHG12以及预测到的靶miRNA及靶基因（miR-199a-5p与FZD6）在HCC细胞HepG2细胞与人肝内胆管上皮细胞HIBEC中的基因表达量,观察下调SNHG12对HepG2细胞增殖、侵袭和上皮-间质转化（EMT）相关蛋白表达的影响;采用miRanda和双荧光素酶报告基因实验分析SNHG12和miR-199a-5p之间的关系,分析下调miR-199a-5p对HepG2细胞增殖、侵袭和EMT的影响,以及SNHG12对miR-199a-5p作用的影响;TargetScan和双荧光素酶报告基因实验分析miR-199a-5p和FZD6的关系;检测过表达及下调FZD6对HepG2细胞增殖、侵袭和EMT的影响,以及SNHG12和miR-199a-5p对FZD6表达的影响。 结果：与HIBEC细胞比较,HepG2细胞中SNHG12表达量明显升高、miR-199a-5p表达量明显降低、FZD6表达量明显升高（均P<0.01）。下调SNHG12表达,HepG2细胞增殖、侵袭和EMT被明显抑制,过表达SNHG12作用则相反（均P<0.05）。SNHG12与miR-199a-5p特异性结合,下调miR-199a-5p促进HepG2细胞增殖、侵袭与EMT,过表达miR-199a-5p则起到抑制作用（均P<0.05）。过表达miR-199a-5p对HepG2细胞的作用,能部分被同时过表达SNHG12所逆转（均P<0.05）。miR-199a-5p靶向FZD6,下调FZD6后HepG2细胞增殖、侵袭与EMT明显抑制,过表达FZD6则相反（均P<0.05)。下调SNHG12抑制FZD6的基因和蛋白表达,而下调miR-199a-5p则促进FZD6的表达（均P<0.01）;与单独下调miR-199a-5p比较,同时下调SNHG12和miR-199a-5p,FZD6的表达被抑制（P<0.01）。 结论：HCC细胞中lncRNA SNHG12的上调可能通过影响miR-199a-5p/FZD6轴促进HCC细胞的增殖、侵袭和EMT过程。     

LCBDE+LC与ERCP+LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的网状Meta分析

目的 近年来,腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）、腹腔镜胆总管探查术（LCBDE）、内镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）普遍应用于胆系结石的治疗,本Meta分析比较了三种治疗胆囊结石合并胆管结石的手术方式的疗效及安全性,即LCBDE+LC、术前ERCP（PreERCP）+LC、术中ERCP（IntraERCP）+LC。方法 计算机检索Medline、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase数据库,查找1990—2019年关于LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的随机对照试验（RCT）研究。按照纳入与排除标准,选择文献、评价质量、提取数据,采用Stata软件进行网状Meta分析。计算累积排序概率曲线下面积（SUCRA）,用于预测各手术方式的有效性及安全性,主要结局指标为结石清除率,病死率,胰腺炎、胆漏、出血,以及中转开腹率。结果 共有19篇RCT研究纳入分析,共计2 627例患者。网状Meta分析结果显示：（1）结石清除率：IntraERCP+LC优于LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（2）病死率：LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC三者之间的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;（3）胰腺炎：PreERCP+LC的发生率高于LCBDE+LC、IntraERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（4）出血：LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC三者之间的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;（5）胆漏：LCBDE+LC的发生率高于PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（6）中转开腹率：PreERCP+LC与IntraERCP+LC、LCBDE+LC与IntraERCP+LC之间的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,而LCBDE+LC发生率高于PreERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC三种手术方式均可用于治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石,其中IntraERCP+LC的结石清除率最高,LCBDE+LC的胆漏风险较大,而PreERCP+LC的胰腺炎风险最高。     

IL-6 receptor blockade ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting inflammasome in mice

Background and ObjectiveInterleukin 6 (IL-6) has been identified as a key mediator in inflammation, immune responses and glucose metabolism. In this study, we assessed the effects of an IL-6 receptor antibody on diabetic nephropathy in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsTwelve week old male db/db mice were treated with Tocilizumab (an IL-6 receptor antibody), normal IgG1 control antibody, insulin or normal saline for 12 weeks. Renal injury, inflammation and insulin resistance were assessed.ResultsDb/db mice treated with Tocilizumab exhibited reduced proteinuria and glomerular mesangial matrix accumulation compared to db/db + IgG controls. Additionally, Tocilizumab suppressed inflammatory response, oxidative stress and the IL-6 signaling pathway in the diabetic kidneys. It is noteworthy that blockade of IL-6 receptor blunted the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome partly through inhibition of IL-17A. Furthermore, insulin resistance assessed by glucose tolerance test, was ameliorated by Tocilizumab treatment.ConclusionsThe protective effects of an IL-6 receptor blockade against diabetic renal injury may be due to decreased insulin resistance and inhibition of the inflammasome.     

Serum cholesterol as a predictor of mortality among the elderly patients with pneumonia in the emergency department

BackgroundReduced cholesterol levels are associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. However, the effect of reduced cholesterol levels on the prognosis of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum total cholesterol levels and the clinical outcomes of elderly patients with CAP.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study that included elderly (≥65 years) CAP patients hospitalized through emergency department between January 2016 and December 2019. We collected their baseline characteristics and laboratory data, including total cholesterol levels at the time of admission. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between total cholesterol levels and 14-day in-hospital mortality.ResultsA total of 380 patients were included. The overall 14-day in-hospital mortality rate was 12.37%. Survivors had higher total cholesterol levels than non-survivors (median, 125 mg/dL; interquartile range [IQR], 102–151 mg/dL versus median, 100 mg/dL; IQR, 83–126 mg/dL; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model showed that a total cholesterol level of <97 mg/dL was independently associated with 14-day in-hospital mortality in patients with CAP (odds ratio, 2.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–7.599; p = 0.027).ConclusionsA decreased level of total cholesterol was associated with increased short-term mortality in elderly patients with CAP. Initial total cholesterol levels may be a useful biomarker to predict the outcome of patients with CAP.