乙肝疫苗免疫失败儿童病毒S基因"a"决定簇变异研究

目的 探讨江苏常州地区乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败儿童病毒S基因“a”决定簇的变异情况。方法 对15例乙肝疫苗接种后血清表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性的儿童,采用聚合酶链反应方法(PCR)扩增其血清中HBV DNA S基因区。并对PCR产物直接标记测序。结果 15例HBsAg阳性儿童有14例血清HBV DNA阳性,其中有4例出现了S基因“a”决定簇的变异,变异率为28．6％,第126位的异亮氨酸（Ile)被苏氨酸(Thr)替代1例,第134位苯丙氨酸(Phe)被异亮氨酸替代1例。第145位甘氨酸(Gly)被丙氨酸(Pha)替代2例。结论乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败儿童中存在s基因“a”抗原决定簇变异,江苏常州地区存在HBVS基因“a”决定簇变异的新类型。     

血管内皮生长因子与肿瘤

血管形成是肿瘤生长和转移的重要条件 ,而血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)对肿瘤的血管形成具有很突出的作用 ,就VEGF与肿瘤予以综述     

恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎患者血清铁蛋白的检测与临床意义

目的:检测慢性乙型肝炎患者血清铁蛋白(SF)的水平及恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗前后的变化。方法:采用化学发光法检测102例慢性乙型肝炎患者SF水平,并检测ALT、HBV DNA、基因型等指标。结果:轻度、中度至重度患者SF水平依次递增,均高于健康对照组,SF与ALT水平呈正相关,不同基因型之间SF水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。抗病毒治疗48周后,ALT复常组及HBV DNA阴性组患者SF水平均明显下降。结论:检测SF水平可以在一定程度上反映肝脏炎性反应程度。定期监测SF的变化,对判断恩替卡韦抗病毒疗效及疾病预后有一定意义。     

不同回灌堆体和回灌方式对纳滤浓缩液回灌效果的影响

分别以4 a的老龄垃圾和焚烧厂产生的灰渣为堆体,采用水平和垂直2种回灌方式,研究工程中最适合的回灌参数。结果表明:老龄垃圾堆体中的微生物降解进水中部分COD,使得出水COD有所下降。而炉渣堆体中对进水只有一定的物理截留作用。炉渣堆体对于NH4+有着吸附和离子交换的作用,导致初期出水的NH3-N较低。同时,炉渣堆体的回灌出水中电导率较高,影响后续产生的渗沥液的处理。在回灌方式方面,水平回灌虽然进水的停留时间较长,但是出水的COD和电导率没有太大的变化,NH3-N反而升高。     

Fabrication and photocatalytic property of magnetic SrTiO3/NiFe2O4 heterojunction nanocomposites

Novel multifunctional SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites were successfully fabricated via a two-step route. The as-prepared samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field-emission transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The results indicate that the SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ heterostructures are composed of SrTiO₃ spheroidal nanoparticles adhered to NiFe₂O₄ polyhedra. The heterojunction established in the composite material accelerates the process of electron–hole pair separation and boosts the photo-Fenton reaction. Among the samples, 15 wt% SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites exhibit a powerful light response and excellent room temperature ferromagnetism. Subsequently, the photocatalytic degradation of RhB over the as-prepared samples was investigated and optimized, revealing that the 15 wt% SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites exhibit the best photocatalytic activity and stability under simulated solar light irradiation. Furthermore, according to experimental results, the possible mechanism of improved photocatalytic activity was also proposed.

Photocatalytic degradation of RhB for all samples under simulated solar light illumination and absorption spectra of RhB over 15 wt% SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites.     

干扰素联合拉米夫定治疗YMDD变异株慢性乙型肝炎

新一代核苷类似物拉米夫定作为抗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的有效药品用于临床已取得了较好疗效，但因YMDD变异株的出现，又使部分慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)的治疗复杂化。目前尚无理想的抗YMDD变异病毒治疗方案，我们用干扰素联合拉米夫定治疗YMDD变异株CHB近两年，效果比较满意。     

177Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA靶向可降解纳米粒子腹腔灌注治疗小鼠卵巢癌伴腹膜转移的实验研究

目的 观察放射性核素¹⁷⁷Lu标记的叶酸-二乙烯三胺五乙酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸共聚物(¹⁷⁷Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA)纳米粒子的体内靶向分布,评价腹腔灌注纳米粒子治疗小鼠卵巢癌腹膜转移瘤及腹水疗效。方法 制备¹⁷⁷Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA纳米粒子,向人卵巢癌移植瘤荷瘤小鼠尾静脉注射纳米粒子后4、24、72 h和7 d,行微型单光子发射计算机断层显像仪(micro-SPECT/CT)显像,观察纳米粒子体内分布情况。将12只人卵巢癌腹腔转移瘤裸鼠模型按随机抽签法分为阴性对照组(生理盐水)、化疗组(顺铂3 mg/kg,2次/周)和粒子组(¹⁷⁷Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA粒子18.5 MBq),每组4只,腹腔灌注给药。7 d后行活体荧光成像评价腹腔肿瘤生长情况,计算相对抑瘤率,TUNEL法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡率,免疫组织化学法检测肿瘤Ki67增殖活性,比较治疗后各组腹水体积。结果 micro-SPECT/CT显像显示,移植瘤放射性浓聚,24 h肿瘤肌肉摄取比值(T/M)最高,为2.81±0.49。活体荧光成像显示,腹腔给药治疗后,粒子组、化疗组和阴性对照组的腹腔肿瘤荧光强度分别为(1.45±0.19)×10¹⁰、(2.21±0.36)×10¹⁰和(2.63±0.79)×10¹⁰,差异有统计学意义(F=6.09,P=0.029);粒子组和化疗组的相对肿瘤抑制率(TGI)分别为35.6%和18.6%。粒子组和化疗组的肿瘤细胞凋亡率(AI)均高于阴性对照组(F=9.96,P=0.009),粒子组和化疗组的Ki67指数均低于阴性对照组(F=9.93,P=0.013),粒子组和化疗组腹水体积均小于阴性对照组(F=13.43,P=0.006)。结论 ¹⁷⁷Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA纳米粒子可行小鼠卵巢癌靶向显像,腹腔灌注后局部滞留和降解吸收,抑制卵巢癌腹膜转移瘤和腹水生长,为晚期卵巢癌伴腹膜转移患者诊疗提供新思路。     

三维适形放疗治疗中晚期食管癌的临床分析

目的探讨三维适形放疗（3D-CRT）治疗中晚期食管癌的临床效果。方法 110例中晚期食管癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组55例。对照组应用常规三野等中心放疗技术进行治疗,观察组应用三维适形放疗技术进行治疗,分析其临床治疗效果。结果对照组有效率为63.64%,观察组有效率为96.36%,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论三维适形放疗技术应用于中晚期食管癌的临床治疗,有效率高,具有显著优势,有临床推广的意义。     

Enhanced visible light absorption performance of SnS2 and SnSe2via surface charge transfer doping

The layered two-dimensional (2D) SnS₂ and SnSe₂ have received intensive attention due to their sizable band gaps and potential properties. However, it has been shown that the visible light absorption of SnS₂ and SnSe₂ are restricted as photocatalysts and light-harvesting material absorbers for water splitting and high-performance optoelectronic devices. Herein, to enhance the visible light absorption performance of SnS₂ and SnSe₂, we performed a systematic investigation on tuning the electronic and optical properties of monolayers SnS₂ and SnSe₂via surface charge transfer doping (SCTD) with the adsorption of molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃) and potassium (K) as surface dopants based on density functional theory. Our calculations reveal that MoO₃ molecules and K atoms can draw/donate electrons from/to SnS₂ and SnSe₂ as acceptors and donors, respectively. The adsorption of MoO₃ molecules introduces a new flat impurity state in the gap of the monolayers SnS₂/SnSe₂, and the Fermi level moves correspondingly to the top of valence band, resulting in a p-type doping of the monolayer SnS₂/SnSe₂. With the adsorption of K atoms, the electrons can transfer from K atoms to the monolayer of SnS₂ and SnSe₂, making K an effective electron-donating dopant. Meanwhile, the bandgaps of monolayers SnS₂ and SnSe₂ decrease after the MoO₃ and K doping, which leads to the appearance of appreciable new absorption peaks at around ∼650/480 and ∼600/680 nm, respectively, and yielding an enhanced visible light absorption of SnS₂ and SnSe₂. Our results unveil that SCTD is an effective way to improve the photocatalytic and light-harvesting performance of SnS₂ and SnSe₂, broadening their applications in splitting water and degrading environmental pollutants under sunlight irradiation.

Enhanced visible light absorption performance of monolayer SnS₂ and SnSe₂via surface charge transfer doping (SCTD).     

基于UASB反应器厌氧处理厨余垃圾实验研究

以常州市厨余垃圾为研究对象,采用UASB反应器,就一次性进料餐厨垃圾厌氧处理条件下运行及工艺参数（如pH、碱度、氨氮等）进行实验研究。结果表明：在厨余垃圾厌氧消化过程中氨氮是不断增加累计的,pH维持在7.6左右;COD从开始的20 000～140 000 mg/L到最终UBF出水10 000～12 000 mg/L;VFA随着时间的增加逐渐降低;总氮先升高后降低;产气量随着时间较稳定增加。