炎症相关指标在预测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后迟发性脑缺血的临床价值

目的 探讨炎症相关指标（白细胞计数、血沉、C-反应蛋白）在预测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后迟发性脑缺血的临床价值.方法 将动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者217例以是否发生迟发型脑缺血（DCI）分为2组,其中DCI组69例,非DCI组148例.回顾性分析217例患者炎症相关指标,并分析其与DCI患者临床预后的关系.结果 DCI组入院炎症相关指标（WBC计数、血沉及C-反应蛋白）均明显高于非DCI组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.随访结果显示DCI组有33例患者死亡,植物生存12例,重残患者12例,与非DCI组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.Spearman相关性分析显示DCI组格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）与炎症指标均呈负相关（r=-0.877,-0.683,-0.841,P＜0.05）.结论 炎症相关指标可作为预测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后迟发性脑缺血的工具之一.     

前交通动脉动脉瘤瘤体指向与大脑前动脉A1段几何形态学的关系:回顾性病例系列研究

目的 探讨前交通动脉动脉瘤(anterior communicating artery aneurysm,ACoAA)瘤体指向与大脑前动脉A1段几何形态学的关系.方法 回顾性收集ACoAA患者的数字减影脑血管造影和临床资料.ACoAA依瘤体指向分为前下指向、前上指向、后上指向、后下指向和复杂指向型.大脑前动脉A1段根据其几何形态分为弧形(Ⅰa型:上弧形;Ⅰb型:下弧形)、“S”形(Ⅱa型:反横“S”形;Ⅱb型:横“S”形)、“近线”形(Ⅲa型:内侧半向下的“近线”形;Ⅲb型:内侧半朝上的“近线”形;Ⅲc型:基本水平状的“近线”形)及不显影.结果 共纳入200例ACoAA患者,其中前上指向型93例,前下指向型76例,后下指向型8例,后上指向型8例,复杂指向型15例.大脑前动脉A1段形态分别为:Ⅰa型113侧,Ⅰb型8侧;Ⅱa型27侧,Ⅱb型70侧;Ⅲa型21侧,Ⅲb型46侧,Ⅲc型60侧;不显影55侧.ACoAA瘤体指向与优势显影侧A1段形态之间存在显著关联性(x2=215.582,P=0.000;Pearson列联系数C为o.665,P=0.000),与非优势显影侧A1段形态之间无显著关联性(x2=5.525,P=0.478).当ACoAA瘤体指向向下时,优势显影侧A1段一般表现为Ⅰa型、Ⅱa型或Ⅲa型;当瘤体指向向上时,优势显影侧A1段一般表现为Ⅰb型、Ⅱb型或Ⅲb型;当瘤体指向为复杂指向时,优势显影侧A1段可表现为各种形态.结论 ACoAA瘤体指向与优势显影侧大脑前动脉A1段形态之间存在显著关联性.     

听神经瘤术中面神经电生理监测的问题与对策

Objective To explore the solutions to some problems of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring during operation for acoustic neuroma and evaluate the function of anatomically preserved facial nerve. Methods The tumors were resected with suboccipital retrosigmoid approaches under microscope in 25 cases. Intraoperative monitoring was used to protect facial nerve and evaluated its function. Results Total removal was achieved in 25 patients( 100% ). The facial nerve was preserved anatomically in 23 cases(92% ),H - B Grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ in 19 cases, Grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ in 5, Grade Ⅴ～Ⅵ in 1. Stimulative intensity at the end of tumor resection was related to the function of facial nerve, and the lower was the better. The function of facial nerve might be Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade when stimulative intensity was lower than 0. 5 mA, and facial electromyograph response amplitudes was greater than 100 μV. The function of facial nerve was not ideal when stimilative intensity was above 2 mA and response amplitude was not clear. Conclusions Skilled technique of intraoperative facial nerve electrophysiologic monitoring can obviously increase the rate of anatomical and functional preservation of facial nerve, and quantitative analysis of electromyogram may help to evaluate its postoperative function.     

SYBR荧光实时定量PCR检测不同病理类型颅咽管瘤ICAM-1 mRNA表达

目的定量研究细胞间粘附分子基因(ICAM—1 mRNA)在不同病理类型颅咽管瘤的表达差异及意义。方法收集30例经手术治疗的颅咽管瘤标本,采用SYBR荧光实时定量PCR法检测 ICAM-1 mRNA在肿瘤组织的表达,并对表达结果行统计学分析。结果造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤 ICAM-1mRNA表达量为(62．18±6．43)×103 copies／μg,鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤ICAM-1 mRNA表达量为 (1．13±0．17)×103 copies／μg,造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤ICAM-1 mRNA表达量显著性高于鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤(P<0．01)。结论两种病理类型颅咽管瘤ICAM—1 mRNA表达存在显著性差异,此差异性可能与两种病理类型颅咽管瘤不同的肿瘤炎症有关。     

脑胶质肉瘤八例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨胶质肉瘤的流行病学特点,及其发病机制、治疗、预后和放射与继发胶质肉瘤之间的关系.方法 手术治疗8例胶质肉瘤,并结合文献进行分析.结果 全部镜下手术切除,肿瘤全切5例,次全切3例.随访中7例发现肿瘤复发,2例出现颅内转移,6例因肿瘤复发在术后2年内死亡.8例中2例为继发性,均在原发肿瘤术后接受过放疗.结论 胶质肉瘤是罕见的高度恶性肿瘤,其复发、转移率高,预后不良,尽可能完全切除肿瘤是首选治疗方案,对复发肿瘤再次手术为延长生存时伺的最佳手段.放射治疗与继发胶质肉瘤之间可能存在着一定的因果关系.     

听神经瘤术中面神经电生理监测的问题与对策

Objective To explore the solutions to some problems of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring during operation for acoustic neuroma and evaluate the function of anatomically preserved facial nerve. Methods The tumors were resected with suboccipital retrosigmoid approaches under microscope in 25 cases. Intraoperative monitoring was used to protect facial nerve and evaluated its function. Results Total removal was achieved in 25 patients( 100% ). The facial nerve was preserved anatomically in 23 cases(92% ),H - B Grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ in 19 cases, Grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ in 5, Grade Ⅴ～Ⅵ in 1. Stimulative intensity at the end of tumor resection was related to the function of facial nerve, and the lower was the better. The function of facial nerve might be Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade when stimulative intensity was lower than 0. 5 mA, and facial electromyograph response amplitudes was greater than 100 μV. The function of facial nerve was not ideal when stimilative intensity was above 2 mA and response amplitude was not clear. Conclusions Skilled technique of intraoperative facial nerve electrophysiologic monitoring can obviously increase the rate of anatomical and functional preservation of facial nerve, and quantitative analysis of electromyogram may help to evaluate its postoperative function.     

Aβ1-42作用的小胶质细胞对体外培养的神经干细胞生存的影响

目的: 探讨β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ_1-42)作用的小胶质细胞对体外培养的神经干细胞(NSCs)生存的影响。方法: 利用Transwell小室在体外建立NSCs与小胶质细胞共培养体系,检测Aβ_1-42蛋白作用小胶质细胞前后NSCs增殖、分化及凋亡情况。结果: 与单纯共培养组相比,Aβ_1-42干预共培养组的增殖率降低,且微管相关蛋白2(MAP-2)和胆碱乙酰转化酶(CHAT)阳性表达率也均降低。结论: Aβ_1-42介导的炎症反应抑制了神经干细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡,并能显著降低其分化成神经元尤其是胆碱能神经元的能力。     

神经内镜治疗34例脑积水的疗效观察

目的 探讨神经内镜治疗脑积水的临床疗效与适应症.方法 对2006年1月-2009年12月采用神经内镜治疗34例不同类型脑积水患者的情况进行回顾性分析.15例梗阻性脑积水采用内镜下脑室造瘘术,19例交通性脑积水采用内镜下引导分流术,随访期6个月～2年,评价其预后及并发症.结果 34例患者术后症状均得到明显缓解,无严重并发症,疗效满意.结论 采用神经内镜手术治疗脑积水,具有安全、微创、疗效好、术后恢复快、并发症发生率低等优点.     

94例脑干胶质瘤MRI影像与病理分级的关系分析

目的 探讨脑干胶质瘤的MRI影像学特点及其与病理分级的关系.方法 回顾性分析经手术治疗并有明确病理诊断的94例脑干胶质瘤的临床资料,包括MRI及病理资料,并对相关变量进行统计检验,判断该变量与病理分级的关系.结果 脑干胶质瘤直径大小(P =0.029)、是否跨脑干轴位中线生长(P =0.016)、有无坏死灶(P＜0.000)、囊变(P=0.004)以及对基底动脉包绕(P=0.001)在高、低级别胶质瘤之间的分布差异有统计学意义.结论 脑干胶质瘤是一类异质性肿瘤,术前根据肿瘤直径大小、是否跨脑干轴位中线生长,囊变、坏死及基底动脉包绕,可在一定程度上判断脑干胶质瘤恶性程度,指导判断预后.     

第三脑室底造瘘术后瘘口闭塞2例并文献复习

目的探讨第三脑室底造瘘(endoscopic third ventriculostomy,ETV)治疗非交通性脑积水失败的原因和防治方法。方法回顾性分析2例ETV术后造瘘口闭塞的非交通性脑积水病人的临床资料,结合文献复习分析ETV失败的原因,并提出相应的防治方法。结果内镜直视下发现2种不同的瘘口闭塞模式,经2次造瘘和分流术治疗,病人临床症状均明显好转。结论造瘘口和远端脑池的梗阻可能是ETV治疗非交通性脑积水术后失败的重要原因,2次手术时应在内镜直视下探查造瘘口,而保持足够大的造瘘口并合理处理是预防瘘口闭塞的有效手段之一。