Relationship between Neurological Deterioration and Blood Pressure/Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

ObjectivesNeurological deterioration (ND) during hospitalization is an independent predictor of poor prognosis after stroke. Risk factors affecting early ND within 48 h post stroke have been intensively investigated, while few data are available on those for late ND after transfer to a wheelchair. Therefore, it was investigated whether hemodynamic factors may affect the late ND during hospitalization.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted on 135 patients with atherothrombotic or cardiogenic cerebral infarction who were admitted to our hospital between April 1st, 2014 and July 31st, 2017. During hospitalization, average, maximum, and minimum values were determined for systolic blood pressure (sBP), diastolic BP (dBP), and heart rate (HR), respectively.135 patients were classified into two groups; ND (+) group, in which modified Barthel index score at the time of transfer to a wheelchair showed five points or more decrease between wheelchair transfer and discharge, and ND (?) group, which did not. Vital indices were compared between the two groups and subjected to ROC-curve analysis.ResultsThe ND (+) group included 32 patients, and the ND (?) 103. Significant differences were found between the groups in four items; sBPmin (p = 0.029), dBPmin (p = 0.019), HRave (p = 0.028), and HRmax (p < 0.01). The ND (+) group showed lower sBPmin and dBPmin, and higher HRave and HRmax than the ND (?) group.ConclusionsLate ND after transfer to a wheelchair is related to the vital indices during hospitalization and should be cautiously managed to prevent late ND     

溃疡性结肠炎内镜、病理特点及其临床意义

目的探讨溃疡性结肠炎内镜及病理组织学检查的临床特点及其意义。方法采用分级的方法描述219例活动期溃疡性结肠炎以及53例治疗后临床症状完全缓解者的内镜、病理组织学特点。运用Spearman等级相关系数进行相关分析。结果本组219例活动期溃疡性结肠炎内镜分级主要分布在Ⅱ～Ⅲ级，占59．8％。病理组织学分级主要分布在Ⅲ～Ⅳ级，占79．9％（r=0．1692，P=0．0122）。经治疗后4周～8个月间，53例临床症状完全消失。内镜分级由治疗前的Ⅲ～Ⅳ级向Ⅰ～Ⅱ级转归，而病理组织学分级Ⅳ级为22．7％（r=0．3007，P=0．0287）。内镜分级与病理组织学分级两者间均无相关性。结论本组内镜及病理组织学分级描述溃疡性结肠炎病情以及疗效有不一致性。早期诊断以及近期疗效的判断不仅应依靠临床症状及内镜检查所见，更应结合病理组织学检查。     

大学生男男性行为者社会网络特征与多性伴的相关性研究

目的 了解长沙市大学生男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men, MSM)的社会网络特征与多性伴之间的相关性,为制定更有针对性的艾滋病防治措施提供科学依据。 方法 运用横断面研究设计,于2017年9月—2018年3月,在长沙市通过连续样本抽样及滚雪球抽样法招募大学生MSM,并进行匿名问卷调查。 结果 有效调查214人,共提名800名社交网络成员和430名性网络成员。多性伴MSM占47.6%。社交网络大小、社交网络密度的中位数和四分位数分别为6(3.75, 6)、0.1(0, 0.5)。性网络大小的中位数和四分位数为2(2,3),性网络密度为0。经多因素logistic回归分析发现,做过HIV检测(OR=2.688, 95%CI:1.336~5.407)、有偶然性伴 (OR=2.409, 95%CI=1.619~3.583)、社交网络大于5人(OR=2.163, 95%CI=1.093~4.280)、性网络与社交网络重合程度高者(OR=0.624, 95%CI=0.412~0.945),有2个或以上性伴的可能性大。 结论 大学生MSM多性伴行为普遍,且与部分社会网络特征相关,建议通过同伴进行社会网络干预,预防大学生MSM群体中HIV传播。     

以动脉蒂远端作为回流静脉的改良踇趾腓侧皮瓣修复手指远节创面

目的探讨以动脉蒂远端作为回流静脉的改良踇趾腓侧皮瓣修复手指远节创面的临床效果。方法2018 年 6 月—2020 年 1 月收治 15 例手指远节缺损患者，其中男 12 例，女 3 例；年龄 24～56 岁，平均 40.2 岁。均为机器挤压伤所致。拇指 2 例，示指 6 例，中指 3 例，环指 3 例，小指 1 例；均为远节指腹部分或全部缺损，伴骨、肌腱外露。手指创面缺损范围为 1.7 cm×1.3 cm～3.0 cm×2.0 cm。受伤至入院时间 0.6～4 h，平均 2.3 h。切取皮瓣时，将血管蒂中腓侧趾固有动脉向远端继续游离，将其作为回流静脉与受区静脉吻合。皮瓣切取范围为 2.0 cm×1.5 cm～3.2 cm×2.2 cm。结果术后皮瓣全部成活，均未发生血管危象，创面均Ⅰ期愈合。足部供区除 1 例缝合过紧，拆线后切口部分裂开，予以换药后自行愈合外，其余患者供区切口愈合良好，足部功能正常。15 例患者均获随访，随访时间 3~18 个月，平均 9.3 个月。手指指腹外形满意，指腹饱满有螺纹；皮瓣颜色、质地、弹性良好，末次随访时两点辨别觉达 6～8 mm；手指屈伸活动正常。末次随访时，按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评价手功能，获优 13 例，良 2 例。结论以动脉蒂远端作为回流静脉的改良踇趾腓侧皮瓣，在不增加额外损伤前提下改善了皮瓣静脉回流，提高了皮瓣使用成功率。     

2型糖尿病患者行腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术临床研究

目的:探讨胆总管结石合并2型糖尿病患者行腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术(LCBDE)的可行性、安全性及有效性.方法:回顾性分析2009年12月-2012年12月采用LCBDE治疗的58例合并2型糖尿病(糖尿病组)及同期58例无糖尿病(非糖尿病组)胆总管结石患者的临床资料,比较两组术前、术中及术后的情况.结果:两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、开始进食时间、术后住院时间及中转开腹方面,差异均无统计学意义(t/x 2=3.921,6.940,1.332,1.270,0.342,均P＞0.05).两组术后电解质紊乱、胆管炎、胆瘘、切口感染、肺部感染发生率比较,差异亦均无统计学意义(×2=0.438,0.537,0.342,1.036,0.342,均P＞0.05).两组均无术后结石残余、胆管狭窄及死亡病例.结论:合并2型糖尿病的胆总管结石患者在围手术期严格控制血糖,术中仔细操作的前提下,行LCBDE是可行的、安全的、有效的.     

Photodecomposition,photomutagenicity and photocytotoxicity of retinyl palmitate under He–Ne laser photoirradiation and its effects on photodynamic therapy of cancer cells in vitro

ObjectiveOur aim was to study photodecomposition, photomutagenicity and cytotoxicity of retinyl palmitate (RP), a principal storage form of vitamin A in humans and animals, under He–Ne laser photoirradiation. Moreover, the effect of different concentrations and timing protocol of antioxidants on photodynamic therapy (PDT) is contradictory, so the effect of RP (as antioxidant) on the PDT cytotoxicity was studied.MethodsPhotomutagenicity was tested by Ames test. Photodecomposition was studied by UV–vis spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was measured with MTT-assay. Moreover, the effect of PDT, using hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) as photosensitizer under He–Ne laser irradiation (10 J/cm²), was studied on HeLa cells either with or without RP (1–100 μM) which incubated with the cells for short or long incubation period (1 h or 24 h) prior to PDT.ResultsNo photodecomposition of RP alone was obseved whereas there is a little photodecomposition of RP only in presence of HpD under irradiation with He–Ne laser. Moreover, no photomutagenicity was observed in Salmonella typhimurium strains under laser irradiation in presence or absence of HpD. RP alone (1–100 μM) significantly decrease the viability of HeLa cells. Laser irradiation of HeLa cells pre-incubated with RP alone for 24 h showed further significant decrease in viability of the cells. While RP incubations for 1 h before PDT had slight effect on the cells, 24 h incubation before PDT enhanced the cytotoxicity of PDT on HeLa cells.ConclusionsRP can be used 24 h before PDT to enhance its effects. RP is not mutagenic under irradiation with He–Ne laser.     

Cholecystokinin protects mouse liver against ischemia and reperfusion injury

BackgroundCholecystokinin (CCK), as a gastrointestinal hormone, has an important protective role against sepsis or LPS-induced endotoxic shock. We aim to address the role of CCK in hepatic ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R) injury.Materials and methodsA murine model of 60 min partial hepatic ischemia followed by 6 h of reperfusion was used in this study. CCK and CCKAR Levels in blood and liver were detected at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion. Then the mice were treated with CCK or proglumide, a nonspecific CCK-receptor (CCK-R) antagonist. Mice were randomly divided into four groups as follows: (1) sham group, in which mice underwent sham operation and received saline; (2) I/R group, in which mice were subjected to hepatic I/R and received saline; (3) CCK group, in which mice were subjected to hepatic I/R and treated with CCK (400 μg/kg); (4) proglumide group (Pro), in which mice underwent hepatic I/R and treated with proglumide (3 mg/kg); CCK and proglumide were administrated via tail vein at the moment of reperfusion. Serum AST (sAST) and serum ALT (sALT) were determined with a biochemical assay and histological analysis were performed with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E). Cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) expressions in blood were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The MPO (myeloperoxidase) assay were used to measure neutrophils' infiltration into the liver. The apoptotic index (TUNEL-positive cell number / total liver cell number × 100%) was calculated to assess hepatocelluar apoptosis. Finally, activation of NF-κB and phosphor-p38 expression in liver homogenates were analyzed with Western Blot (WB).ResultsOur findings showed that 1) CCK and CCK-AR were upregulated in our experimental model over time; 2) Treatment with CCK decreased sAST/sALT levels, inflammatory hepatic injury, neutrophil influx and hepatocelluar apoptosis, while proglumide aggravated hepatic injury.ConclusionThese findings support our hypothesis and suggest that CCK played a positive role in the ongoing inflammatory process leading to liver I/R injury.     

夹层杯离心涂片集菌法检测胸腹水抗酸杆菌的初步观察

目的研究夹层杯离心涂片集菌法检测胸腹水抗酸杆菌临床应用。方法对夹层杯离心涂片集菌法和直接涂片法对结核性胸腹水标本的检出阳性率进行比较;并与罗氏培养法比较,考察该方法的临床应用价值。结果结核病人胸腹水标本100份,直接涂片法阳性率25.8%,夹层杯涂片离心集菌法痰涂片阳性率40.8%,两者比较有统计学意义。以罗氏培养法为标准,夹层杯涂片离心集菌法的敏感性、特异性、阳性预期值、阴性预期值及准确性分别为:90.9%、93.8%、97.6%、78.9%和91.7%。结论夹层杯离心涂片集菌法检测胸腹水抗酸杆菌优于直接涂片法,并与罗氏培养法相比有较满意的符合率。     

某教学医院重症监护病房与普通病房细菌分布及耐药性比较分析

收集2016年医院重症监护病房（ICU）与普通病房（非ICU）患者临床首次分离出的12 307株病原菌,分析其细菌分布构成及耐药性差异。 ICU和非ICU排在首位的分别是鲍曼不动杆菌（25.50%）和铜绿假单胞菌（16.68%）。 ICU抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于非ICU,呈高水平的多重耐药,应规范抗菌药物的使用,加强医院感染防护措施,以控制ICU病区的耐药流行。