新冠肺炎疫情下艾灸防治帕金森病的临床应用分析＊

帕金森病（Parkinson''s disease，PD）是仅次于阿尔茨海默病的世界第二大神经系统退行性疾病，随着老龄化社会的到来，PD患病率呈明显上升趋势。全球爆发的新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）是一种急性传染性疾病，严重威胁人们的身体健康和生命安全。PD患者大多为老年人且合并有基础疾病，体质普遍较弱，是新冠肺炎的易感人群，一旦染病则发展为重症的风险很高。中医艾灸疗法在治疗PD及防治疫病方面发挥了很好的辅助治疗效果。通督扶阳灸法联合强壮穴艾灸治疗，既可以帮助PD患者改善临床症状，延缓病情进展，又可以提高机体免疫功能，增强抗病能力而防治新冠肺炎。     

隔代抚养与老年人心理健康相关性的Meta分析

目的 对隔代抚养与老年人心理健康关系进行meta分析。 方法 检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普等中英文数据库,收集关于隔代抚养对老年人心理健康影响的相关文献,检索时限为自建库起至2021年5月。对纳入文献进行质量评价及数据整理。所有数据均采用RevMan 5.4软件进行meta分析。结果 最终纳入20篇文献,总样本量69 974例。Meta分析结果显示:在认知功能（SMD = 0.32, 95%CI:0.28～0.36, P＜0.001）、生活满意度（SMD = 0.06, 95%CI:0.04～0.09, P＜0.001）及自评健康（SMD = 0.08, 95%CI:0.02～0.14, P = 0.010）评估中,隔代抚养组评估结果优于非隔代抚养组,呈正相关且有统计学差异;在抑郁状况（SMD = - 0.04, 95%CI: - 0.09～0.01, P = 0.150）评估中,隔代抚养组评估结果劣于非隔代抚养组,呈负相关且有统计学差异。亚组分析结果显示:与非隔代抚养组相比,国外隔代抚养组（SMD = 0.27, 95%CI:0.15～0.39, P＜0.001）;国内隔代抚养组（SMD = - 0.07, 95%CI: - 0.09～ - 0.05, P＜0.001）老年人抑郁状况差异具有统计学意义。祖父抚养组与祖母抚养组（SMD = - 0.32, 95%CI: - 0.40～ - 0.24, P＜0.001）;城镇抚养组与农村抚养组（SMD = - 0.23, 95%CI: - 0.30～ - 0.17, P＜0.001）抑郁状况差异具有统计学意义。结论 隔代抚养对老年人的认知功能、生活满意度及自评健康有维持和促进作用。国家、性别及地域是隔代抚养老年人抑郁状况的重要影响因素。     

妊娠期糖尿病孕妇和糖耐量正常孕妇妊娠压力与社会支持的相关性研究

目的 分析妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）孕妇和糖耐量正常孕妇妊娠压力与社会支持的相关性,对比该相关性在两组间是否存在差异。方法 选取495名GDM孕妇和352名糖耐量正常孕妇,采用一般情况调查表、妊娠压力量表（PPS）和社会支持评定量表（SSRS）进行问卷调查,并运用典型相关分析来研究妊娠压力和社会支持的相关性。结果 GDM组与正常组孕妇都处于轻度压力状态（0.38±0.32分vs.0.38±0.31分, t =0.061, P> 0.05）,且社会支持度均相对较高（40.68±6.88分vs.40.66±6.71分, t=0.042 , P> 0.05）,组间比较显示差异无统计学意义。GDM组和正常组孕妇妊娠压力与社会支持均存在典型相关关系（ λGDM =0.291, F=4.282 ,P<0.01; λ正常 =0.271, F=2.900 ,P<0.01）。GDM组孕妇妊娠压力主要由“确保母子健康和安全”引起,且主观支持的影响较大;而正常组孕妇妊娠压力主要来自于“认同父母角色”,且客观支持的影响较大。结论 应重视孕妇的妊娠压力状态,根据妊娠压力来源的不同可提供有针对性的社会支持,减缓孕期压力,促进母婴健康。     

熊果酸诱导胃癌细胞BGC-823凋亡机制的研究

目的:探讨熊果酸(UA)对胃癌细胞BGC-823增殖抑制和诱导凋亡的作用机制。方法:采用MTT法检测UA对BGC-823细胞的增殖抑制效应;用琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察DNA凋亡片段;流式细胞仪检测UA作用后BGC-823细胞的周期分布和凋亡率;用Fas单克隆抗体检测BGC-823细胞表面Fas的表达;Western blot检测BGC-823细胞Bcl-2的表达及caspase-3和caspase-8的活性。结果:UA对BGC-823细胞具有增殖抑制效应,并呈浓度和时间依赖性。UA作用24 h时半数抑制浓度(IC50)为43.10μmol/L。当UA浓度为50和60μmol/L时,琼脂糖凝胶电泳可呈现DNA凋亡梯带。随着UA浓度从20μmol/L递增到60μmol/L,周期检测发现BGC-823细胞出现亚G1峰逐步增高,S期阻滞增加,G1期下降。细胞内Bcl-2表达下降,caspase-3和caspase-8活性增加。BGC-823细胞表面未发现Fas的表达。结论:UA对BGC-823细胞有较强的增殖抑制和诱导凋亡作用,下调Bcl-2的表达及激活caspase-3、caspase-8可能是其诱导凋亡的机制。     

某大学本科生避孕节育知识与生殖健康现状调查

目的了解某大学本科生避孕节育和生殖健康方面的知识、态度和行为紧急避孕节育的利用和需求情况,分析并提出相应解决措施。方法采用匿名自填问卷的方法对本科生进行调查。结果有89.30%的学生认为有必要了解避孕节育及生殖健康知识;有73.1%的大学生对西方流行的"性解放"观念持赞成或无所谓态度;有55.10%的学生认为选择避孕药具应最先考虑效果。结论高校应开设避孕节育教育和服务,教学内容为性行为相关的生理与心理,及避孕节育的实用方法。     

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??OBJECTIVE To develop on-line high performance liquid chromatography-biochemical detection (HPLC-BCD) methods to screen effective components in Ginkgo biloba extract for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Radical scavengers and AchE inhibitors in G.biloba leave extract were screened by HPLC-UV-DPPH/ABTS and HPLC-UV-AchE methods, respectively. The stability and repeatability of the on-line HPLC-UV-AchE method were investigated using galanthamine as a positive reference. The main active ingredients in the extract were identified by ultra high performance liquid chromatography linear ion trap/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-LTQ/orbitrap MS) method. RESULTS Fourteen antioxidants in G.biloba extract were detected by the HPLC-UV-DPPH/ABTS method, while three AchE inhibitors were found by the HPLC-UV-AchE method. The three AchE inhibitors were tentatively identified by UPLC-LTQ/orbitrap MS as 4-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-cis-coumaric acid?? ginkgolide A and 3-O-[2-O-(β-D-Glucosyl)-α-L-rhamnosyl]quercetin, respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed on-line HPLC-BCD method shows high sensitivity, good repeatability and stability. It can be used to screen antioxidants and AchE inhibitors in G. biloba extract. This will provide an effective, quick and convenient analysis tool to quickly find bioactive ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines for treating related diseases.     

In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of ellagic acid and its colonic metabolite,urolithins, on human bladder cancer T24 cells

Urolithins were the metabolites of ellagic acid by intestinal flora in gastrointestinal tract. In previous research, it was found that urolithins could mainly inhibit prostate cancer and colon cancer cell growth. However, there is no report about bladder cancer therapy of urolithins. In this paper, three urolithin-type compounds (urolithin A, urolithin B, 8-OMe-urolithin A) and ellagic acid were evaluated for antiproliferative activity in vitro against human bladder cancer cell lines T24. The IC₅₀ values for T24 cell inhibition were 43.9, 35.2, 46.3 and 33.7 μM for urolithin A, urolithin B, 8-OMe-urolithin A and ellagic acid, respectively. After the administration of urolithins and ellagic acid, we found these compounds could increase mRNA and protein expression of Phospho-p38 MAPK, and decrease mRNA and protein expression of MEKK1 and Phospho-c-Jun in T24 cells. Caspase-3 was also activated and PPAR-γ protein expression increased in drug-induced apoptosis. And what’s more, the antioxidant assay afforded by three urolithins and EA treatments were associated with decreases in the intracellular ROS and MDA levels, and increased SOD activity in H₂O₂-treated T24 cells. The results suggested that these compounds could inhibit cell proliferation by p38-MAPK and/or c-Jun medicated caspase-3 activation and reduce the oxidative stress status in bladder cancer.     

基于文献计量分析的我国医学信息教育发展历程研究

以中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库为数据源,对我国近35年医学信息教育领域公开发表的研究论文进行检索和统计,分析文献增长规律、合著情况、高产作者、核心机构、高频关键词、重要期刊等方面,系统总结我国医学信息教育的发展历程,进而为医学信息教育的科学可持续发展提供参考。