A highly tumor-targeted nanoparticle of podophyllotoxin penetrated tumor core and regressed multidrug resistant tumors

Podophyllotoxin (PPT) exhibited significant activity against P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistant (MDR) tumor cell lines; however, due to its poor solubility and high toxicity, PPT cannot be dosed systemically, preventing its clinical use for MDR cancer. We developed a nanoparticle dosage form of PPT by covalently conjugating PPT and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with acetylated carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Ac) using one-pot esterification chemistry. The polymer conjugates self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs) of variable sizes (20–120 nm) depending on the PPT-to-PEG molar ratio (2–20). The conjugate with a low PPT/PEG molar ratio of 2 yielded NPs with a mean diameter of 20 nm and released PPT at ∼5%/day in serum, while conjugates with increased PPT/PEG ratios (5 and 20) produced bigger particles (30 nm and 120 nm respectively) that displayed slower drug release (∼2.5%/day and ∼1%/day respectively). The 20 nm particles exhibited 2- to 5-fold enhanced cell killing potency and 5- to 20-fold increased tumor delivery compared to the larger NPs. The biodistribution of the 20 nm PPT-NPs was highly selective to the tumor with 8-fold higher accumulation than all other examined tissues, while the larger PPT-NPs (30 and 120 nm) exhibited increased liver uptake. Within the tumor, >90% of the 20 nm PPT-NPs penetrated to the hypovascular core, while the larger particles were largely restricted in the hypervascular periphery. The 20 nm PPT-NPs displayed significantly improved efficacy against MDR tumors in mice compared to the larger PPT-NPs, native PPT and the standard taxane chemotherapies, with minimal toxicity.     

Increased IL-10/IL-17 ratio is aggravated along with the prognosis of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

ObjectiveThis study is to investigate the association between the Treg/Th17 cells and prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).MethodsTotally 50 CLL patients and 20 Health controls were included in this study. Regulatory T (Treg) cells and the cell subset secreting IL-17 (Th17) in peripheral blood were detected with flow cytometry. Serum levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were determined with ELISA, and expression of Foxp3 and RORγt was assessed with quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsTreg and Th17 cell proportions in peripheral blood in the CLL patients were significantly higher than control. Serum levels of IL-10 and IL-17, and expression of Foxp3 and RORγt, were significantly increased in the CLL patients. Ratios of Treg/Th17 and IL-10/IL-17 were significantly elevated in the CLL patients. Compared with those before treatment, Treg/Th17 and IL-10/IL-17 ratios were declined in the CLL patients in remission. Compared with the non-remission group, Treg cells were significantly decreased, while Th17 cells were significantly increased, resulting in decreased Treg/Th17 ratio, in the remission group. Moreover, the serum IL-10 level was significantly decreased, while the serum IL-17 level was significantly increased, resulting in declined IL-10/IL-17 ratio, in the remission group. Correlation analysis showed that, Treg and Th17 cell counts were significantly associated with CD38 and ZAP-70 expression in the CLL patients. Moreover, the IL-10/IL-17 ratio was also significantly associated with CLL prognostic factors.ConclusionAltered Treg/Th17 and IL-10/IL-17 ratios in CLL would be aggravated along with the disease progression, which might be used as indicators for the disease prognosis.     

乌鲁木齐市家蝇抗药性现状及发展趋势分析

目的 分析乌鲁木齐市家蝇对化学杀虫剂的抗药性现状及发展趋势，探讨防制对策。方法 常规微量点滴法。结果 对溴氰菊酯的抗性系数在24．00-253．67；对敌敌畏的抗性系数在11.44-53.24;对二氯苯醚菊酯抗性系数在9.29-36.10，对氯氰菊酯的抗性系数在2.32-9.62。结论：8年来家蝇对4种杀虫剂的抗药性在不断上升，仍保持较高水平，但迅速上升的趋势开始减缓。     

基于LabVIEW的多通道脉搏波记录处理系统

本文描述了一个基于LabVIEW的虑拟仪器系统。该系统能采集、记录和处理人体多处典型部位的脉搏波，用改进的高斯函数（钟形波）叠加模型，通过北线性拟合算法----Levenberg-Marquardt（LM）算法提取脉图特征。实验表明：该模型和算法能简单有效地对各类脉图进行特征识别，识别率达到90％以上。     

新疆地区维吾尔族乳腺癌BRCA1基因突变分析

目的研究新疆地区维吾尔族乳腺癌患者BRCA1基因突变情况及突变位置。方法选取70例维吾尔族乳腺癌根治标本,对照组为32例维汉族乳腺良性病变（纤维腺病及纤维腺瘤）及乳腺癌旁非癌组织;应用PCR-单链构象多态性和DNA序列测定的方法检测BRCA1基因突变。结果（1）70例维吾尔族乳腺癌中发现9例BRCA1突变的12个新位点。（2）70例维吾尔族乳腺癌BRCA1的突变率为12.86%（9/70）,22例维吾尔族早发性乳腺癌（≤35岁）BRCA1突变率为31.82%（7/22）。维吾尔族早发性乳腺癌BRCA1突变率（7/22）高于维吾尔族晚发性乳腺癌（2/48）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=10.295,P〈0.01）。（3）70例维吾尔族乳腺癌中发现9例BRCA1基因核苷酸多态性位点,其中8例多态性位点均为3232A〉G。（4）2例双侧乳腺癌中均检测出BRCA1基因的突变。结论BRCA1突变可能与新疆维吾尔族乳腺癌尤其是维吾尔族早发性乳腺癌及双侧乳腺癌的发生密切相关。     

煤矿工人工作家庭冲突对职业紧张的影响研究

目的分析煤矿作业人员工作家庭冲突对其职业紧张发生的影响,为降低其职业紧张的发生提供参考依据。方法通过分层整群抽样的方法纳入1500名煤矿工人作为研究对象,采用ERI量表和工作家庭冲突量表调查研究对象的工作家庭冲突和职业紧张现状,采用二分类logistic回归对职业紧张的影响因素进行分析。结果研究共调查了1346名煤矿作业工人,工作家庭冲突分数结果显示,不同轮班、婚姻和工种的煤矿作业人员其分数差异较大(P<0.05);煤矿工人职业紧张阳性率为47.77%,煤矿工作人员在不同年龄、工龄和婚姻状况之间职业紧张阳性率差异较大(分别为χ^(2)=20.938、χ^(2)=19.873、χ^(2)=6.273,P<0.05);工作家庭冲突三维度的方面(时间、压力、行为)的得分都与付出、超负荷和ERI比值呈现出正相关关系(P<0.05);多因素回归分析发现:年龄>45岁(OR=1.370,95%CI:1.052~1.785)、工龄>10年(OR=1.788,95%CI:1.223~2.614)和家庭-工作冲突(OR=1.070,95%CI:1.049~1.091)均是煤矿作业人员发生职业紧张的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论研究表明煤矿作业工人目前发生职业紧张状况不容乐观,家庭-工作冲突可以增加职业紧张发生的风险。     

墨玉县维吾尔族2型糖尿病合并冠心病患病现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解新疆墨玉县维吾尔族2型糖尿病合并冠心病的患病现状,为当地人群慢性病的危险因素控制和健康管理提供参考依据。 方法 选取2019年新疆墨玉县维吾尔族成人全民健康体检数据中的2型糖尿病患者为调查对象。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析2型糖尿病合并冠心病的影响因素。 结果 2019年墨玉县维吾尔族2型糖尿病患者共14 659例,患病率为4.96%;2型糖尿病患者中,合并冠心病患者共767例,患病率为5.23%。经多因素logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.218,95%CI:1.042~1.424)、年龄[40~59岁(OR=3.254,95%CI:2.151~4.922);≥60岁(OR=4.382,95%CI:2.860~6.712)]、婚姻状况[已婚(OR=12.798,95%CI:1.772~92.415);离婚/其他(OR=16.659,95%CI:2.276~121.948)]、有冠心病家族史(OR=3.878,95%CI:2.773~5.423)、高血压(OR=3.295,95%CI:2.698~4.024)、肥胖(OR=1.264,95%CI:1.084~1.475)、嗜糖(OR=1.995,95%CI:1.490~2.670)、嗜油(OR=2.406,95%CI:2.025~2.860)、嗜盐(OR=1.447,95%CI:1.151~1.820)是2型糖尿病合并冠心病的影响因素。 结论 维吾尔族2型糖尿病合并冠心病的危险因素较多,建议当地医疗卫生部门应重视2型糖尿病、冠心病的防治,提高居民健康意识,改变居民不良饮食习惯和生活方式,降低2型糖尿病合并冠心病的患病风险。     

461例乳腺癌患者抑郁症和焦虑症患病现状及其影响因素

目的 探讨新疆乳腺癌患者抑郁症和焦虑症患病现状及其影响因素。 方法 选取2018年1—12月在新疆医科大学第三附属医院住院的所有乳腺癌患者为研究对象,采用抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表开展横断面调查,评价乳腺癌患者合并抑郁症和焦虑症现状,并采用二元logistic回归模型分析乳腺癌患者合并抑郁症或焦虑症的影响因素。 结果 461例乳腺癌患者中抑郁症患者为197例(42.73%),其中轻度、中度和重度抑郁症患者分别为146例(31.67%)、44例(9.54%)、7例(1.52%);焦虑症患者为240例(52.06%),其中轻度、中度和重度焦虑症患者分别为146例(31.67%)、64例(13.88%)、30例(6.51%)。多因素结果显示:未做过化疗(OR=0.355,95%CI:0.165~0.761)、低收入(OR=9.211,95%CI:3.303~25.685)、病程短(OR=7.716,95%CI:1.773~33.577)和每周锻炼≤150 min(OR=2.718,95%CI:1.777~4.155)为乳腺癌合并抑郁症影响因素;农村户籍(OR=1.835,95%CI:1.142~2.957)、病程短(OR=2.208,95%CI:1.377~3.541)和每周锻炼≤150 min(OR=1.939,95%CI:1.303~2.886)为乳腺癌合并焦虑症影响因素。 结论 新疆地区女性乳腺癌患者中抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率较高,应积极采取干预措施,降低患者抑郁、焦虑等负性情绪的发生,提高患者生活质量,改善其预后。     

PON1Q192R基因多态性与冠心病患者使用氯吡格雷疗效的关系

目的：探讨不同民族PON1Q192R等位基因变异频率以及PON1Q192R基因多态性与冠心病患者氯吡格雷抵抗（CR）的关联性。方法：纳入新疆医科大学第二附属医院2020年1月至2020年12月使用氯吡格雷且诊断为冠心病的患者127例,患者每日服用氯吡格雷75 mg,5 d后用血栓弹力图测定相关参数,并进行CYP2C19*2、CYP2C19*3、CYP2C19*17和PON1Q192R基因分型检测。结果：不同民族之间PON1Q192R基因突变频率差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）,患者的血栓弹力图参数结果显示,PON1Q192R基突变并不会显著降低氯吡格雷疗效。结论：PON1Q192R基因突变频率与冠心病患者氯吡格雷反应的相关性还需要进一步研究。     

基于季节性ARIMA模型的新疆肺结核发病预测分析

目的 探讨季节性时间序列模型(autoregressive integrated moving average,ARIMA)在新疆肺结核发病预测中的应用,并验证模型的可行性和适用性。 方法 采用季节性ARIMA(p, d, q )(P, D, Q)_s拟合2005年1月—2019年8月新疆地区肺结核月发病人数,建立多个季节时间序列模型并进行比较,选出最优模型对2019年9—12月肺结核发病人数进行预测。 结果 2005年1月—2019年8月新疆地区肺结核累积发病人数为627 869例,年平均发病人数为3 567例。 新疆地区肺结核月发病数具有季节性,1—5月平均发病数高于平均水平,6—12月平均发病数低于平均水平,发病高峰为1月和3月,发病低谷为9月。通过赤池信息量(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC)和贝叶斯信息量(Bayesian Information Criterion,BIC)最小原则得出,ARIMA(1, 1, 1 )(0, 1, 2)₁₂是最优模型,其残差序列为白噪声,参数的回归系数均具有统计学意义,拟合的平均绝对百分比误差MAPE为8.723%。预测的MAPE为18.674%,真实值均处于预测值的95%置信区间内。 结论 ARIMA(1, 1, 1 )(0, 1, 2)₁₂模型能够较好地拟合新疆肺结核发病数据,并进行短期预测,对新疆卫生防控措施的制定具有一定指导意义。