461例乳腺癌患者抑郁症和焦虑症患病现状及其影响因素

目的 探讨新疆乳腺癌患者抑郁症和焦虑症患病现状及其影响因素。 方法 选取2018年1—12月在新疆医科大学第三附属医院住院的所有乳腺癌患者为研究对象,采用抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表开展横断面调查,评价乳腺癌患者合并抑郁症和焦虑症现状,并采用二元logistic回归模型分析乳腺癌患者合并抑郁症或焦虑症的影响因素。 结果 461例乳腺癌患者中抑郁症患者为197例(42.73%),其中轻度、中度和重度抑郁症患者分别为146例(31.67%)、44例(9.54%)、7例(1.52%);焦虑症患者为240例(52.06%),其中轻度、中度和重度焦虑症患者分别为146例(31.67%)、64例(13.88%)、30例(6.51%)。多因素结果显示:未做过化疗(OR=0.355,95%CI:0.165~0.761)、低收入(OR=9.211,95%CI:3.303~25.685)、病程短(OR=7.716,95%CI:1.773~33.577)和每周锻炼≤150 min(OR=2.718,95%CI:1.777~4.155)为乳腺癌合并抑郁症影响因素;农村户籍(OR=1.835,95%CI:1.142~2.957)、病程短(OR=2.208,95%CI:1.377~3.541)和每周锻炼≤150 min(OR=1.939,95%CI:1.303~2.886)为乳腺癌合并焦虑症影响因素。 结论 新疆地区女性乳腺癌患者中抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率较高,应积极采取干预措施,降低患者抑郁、焦虑等负性情绪的发生,提高患者生活质量,改善其预后。

Prevalence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety in 461 patients with breast cancer

Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients in Xinjiang. Methods We selected all breast cancer patients hospitalized in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to December, 2018 to serve as the research subjects. Self-Rating Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. The prevalence of depression and anxiety in the breast cancer patients was evaluated, and a binary logistic regression model was applied to analyzing the factors influencing depression or anxiety among the breast cancer patients. Results Among the 461 breast cancer patients, there were 197(42.73%) patients having depression, of which mild, moderate and severe depression patients accounted for 31.67%(146/461), 9.54%(44/461) and 1.52%(7/461), respectively. There were 240(52.06%) patients with anxiety, of which mild, moderate and severe anxiety patients accounted for 31.67%(146//461), 13.88%(64/461) and 6.51%(30/461), respectively. Multivariate analysis results revealed that having no chemotherapy(OR=0.355, 95%CI:0.165-0.761), having a lower income(OR=9.211, 95%CI:3.303-25.685), having a shorter disease duration(OR=7.716, 95%CI:1.773-33.577) and physical exercise per week ≤150 minutes(OR=2.718, 95%CI:1.777-4.155) were the factors influencing depression among the breast cancer patients. Rural registered permanent residence(OR=1.835, 95%CI:1.142-2.957), having a shorter disease duration(OR=2.208, 95%CI:1.377-3.541) and physical exercise per week ≤150 minutes(OR=1.939, 95%CI:1.303-2.886) were the factors influencing anxiety among the breast cancer patients(all P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety in the female breast cancer patients in Xinjiang are relatively high. Intervention measures should be actively taken to reduce the occurrence of negative emotions such as depression and anxiety and improve the patients’ quality of life and prognoses.