煤矿工人工作家庭冲突对职业紧张的影响研究

目的分析煤矿作业人员工作家庭冲突对其职业紧张发生的影响,为降低其职业紧张的发生提供参考依据。方法通过分层整群抽样的方法纳入1500名煤矿工人作为研究对象,采用ERI量表和工作家庭冲突量表调查研究对象的工作家庭冲突和职业紧张现状,采用二分类logistic回归对职业紧张的影响因素进行分析。结果研究共调查了1346名煤矿作业工人,工作家庭冲突分数结果显示,不同轮班、婚姻和工种的煤矿作业人员其分数差异较大(P<0.05);煤矿工人职业紧张阳性率为47.77%,煤矿工作人员在不同年龄、工龄和婚姻状况之间职业紧张阳性率差异较大(分别为χ^(2)=20.938、χ^(2)=19.873、χ^(2)=6.273,P<0.05);工作家庭冲突三维度的方面(时间、压力、行为)的得分都与付出、超负荷和ERI比值呈现出正相关关系(P<0.05);多因素回归分析发现:年龄>45岁(OR=1.370,95%CI:1.052~1.785)、工龄>10年(OR=1.788,95%CI:1.223~2.614)和家庭-工作冲突(OR=1.070,95%CI:1.049~1.091)均是煤矿作业人员发生职业紧张的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论研究表明煤矿作业工人目前发生职业紧张状况不容乐观,家庭-工作冲突可以增加职业紧张发生的风险。

Impact of working-family conflicts on occupational tension in coal miners

Objective To analyze the influence of working-family conflicts on the occurrence of occupational tension among coal miners, and to provide references for reducing the occurrence of occupational tension. Methods By using a stratified cluster sampling method, 1,500 coal miners were enrolled to serve as the research subjects. Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) Scale and Work-Family Conflict Scale were applied to investigating the current status ofworking-family conflicts and occupational tension in the subjects. Binary logistic regression was employed to analyze the factors affecting occupational stress. Results A total of 1,346 coal miners were surveyed in the study. The results of the working-family conflicts score revealed that the scores of coal miners with different shifts, marriages and jobs varied greatly (all P<0.05). The positive rate of occupational stress in the coal miners was 47.77%, and there were significant differences in the positive rate of occupational stress among coal miners with different ages, working years and marital status (χ²=20.938, χ²=19.873, χ²=6.273, all P<0.05). The scores of three dimensions ofworking-familyconflicts (time, stress and behavior) showed positive correlations with paying out, overload, and ERI ratio (all P<0.05). Multi-factor regression analysis displayed that >45 years of age (OR=1.370, 95%CI:1.052-1.785), length of service >10 years (OR=1.788, 95%CI:1.223-2.614), and family-working conflicts (OR=1.070, 95%CI:1.049-1.091) were all risk factors for occupational stress in the coal miners (all P<0.05). Conclusion This research reveals that the status of occupational stress in the coal miners is not optimistic, and family-working conflicts can increase the risk of occurrence of occupational stress.