Prognostic validity of the American joint committee on cancer eighth edition staging system for well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

BackgroundThe American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) made improvements for staging pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) in its 8th Edition; however, multicenter studies were not included.MethodsWe collected multicenter datasets (n = 1,086, between 2004 and 2018) to validate the value of AJCC 8 and other coexisting staging systems through univariate and multivariate analysis for well-differentiated (G1/G2) pNETs.ResultsCompared to other coexisting staging systems, AJCC 7 only included 12 (1.1%) patients with stage III tumors. Patients with European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) stage IIB disease had a higher risk of death than patients with stage IIIA (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.376 vs. 4.322). For the modified ENETS staging system, patients with stage IIB disease had a higher risk of death than patients with stage III (HR: 6.078 vs. 5.341). According to AJCC 8, the proportions of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV were 25.7%, 40.3%, 23.6%, and 10.4%, respectively. As the stage advanced, the median survival time decreased (NA, 144.7, 100.8, 72.0 months, respectively), and the risk of death increased (HR: II = 3.145, III = 5.925, and IV = 8.762).ConclusionThese findings suggest that AJCC 8 had a more reasonable proportional distribution and the risk of death was better correlated with disease stage.     

中医综合疗法对假性近视患者黄斑处脉络膜厚度及微血流密度的影响

[目的] 研究中医综合疗法对青少年假性近视患者黄斑处脉络膜厚度及微血流密度的影响,为中医疗法在青少年假性近视的治疗方面提供依据。[方法] 使用SPSS 21.0软件产生随机数字,将51例（102只眼）假性近视青少年患者随机分成对照组和治疗组。对照组患者27例（54只眼）,单纯使用复方托吡卡胺滴眼液点眼治疗;治疗组患者24例（48只眼）,在对照组治疗的基础上配合中药雾化、中药眼贴和耳穴埋籽等中医综合治疗。两组患者疗程均为8周,治疗前后检测两组患者裸眼远视力、电脑验光屈光度数、黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度及黄斑区浅层血流密度,并评价两组患者疗效。[结果] 1）治疗组1例因中药雾化过敏导致脱落,最终纳入23例（46只眼）。2）治疗8周后,治疗组总有效率为92.3%,对照组总有效率为75.0%,治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。3）治疗后,治疗组患者平均视力较治疗前提高,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;对照组患者平均视力较治疗前无明显改善,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。组间比较方面,治疗组治疗后平均视力较对照组有一定提高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。4）经治疗,治疗组患者平均假性近视度数较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;对照组患者平均假性近视度数较治疗前略有下降,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。组间比较方面,治疗组治疗后平均假性近视度数较对照组有一定下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。5）治疗组患者黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度较治疗前增厚,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;对照组黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度较治疗前无明显改变,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;组间比较方面,治疗组治疗后黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度较对照组增厚,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。6）治疗后,治疗组黄斑区浅层血流密度较治疗前增加,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;对照组黄斑区浅层血流密度较治疗前增加,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;组间比较方面,治疗组治疗后黄斑区浅层血流密度较对照组明显增加,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。[结论] 采用中医综合疗法对青少年假性近视治疗效果较好,并且可以增加黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度及黄斑区浅层血流密度,短期观察无不良反应,值得临床推广运用。     

伴颈5/6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病影像学特点及临床意义

目的 观测伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病患者的颈椎间孔形态及三维空间下的各相关径值,分析并探讨其临床意义。方法 随机选取492例伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄,在上海长征医院于2014年9月至2019年7月期间行手术治疗的神经根型颈椎病患者,行颈椎正侧位X线、颈椎CT、颈椎磁共振等检查,数字骨科系统重建后观测椎间孔形态并测量最佳投射角度下的纵径、上前后径、下前后径、横截面积、椎间隙高度等径值并对其进行统计学处理,比较病例组与正常成人组C5/C6椎间孔之间、病例组病变椎间孔与对侧椎间孔以及病例组中男女患者之间的差异。结果 病例组C5/C6椎间孔形态因骨赘增生等,以纺锤形、不规则形为主,病例组C5/C6椎间孔横径均值、纵径、横截面积、椎间隙平均高度分别为（5.81±1.40）mm、（10.45±1.70）mm、（50.02±15.46）mm2、（4.99±0.89）mm,均比正常成人组减小,且差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;男女间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 伴C5/C6椎间孔狭窄神经根型颈椎病患者的颈椎间孔的形态发生改变,导致椎间孔的横径均值及横截面积值均明显减小;椎间孔的横径在诊断颈椎间孔狭窄方面敏感性及特异性高;术中减压时应更加注重椎间孔横径的有效扩大,以提高手术效果。     

运用蛋白质组学技术研究晕船适应大鼠脑干蛋白的表达变化

目的应用蛋白质组学技术,建立晕船适应及不适应大鼠脑干蛋白质双向电泳图谱,鉴定差异表达蛋白。方法应用双向电泳技术,对2组40只大鼠脑干蛋白进行分离,肽指纹图谱鉴定差异蛋白质,并观察谷氨酰胺合成酶活力变化。结果获得8个晕船适应相关蛋白质,其中硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶Ⅱ、低相对分子质量神经丝蛋白、泛素羧基末端水解酶PGP9.5和谷氨酰胺合成酶上调;碳酸酐酶Ⅱ、磷酸丙糖异构酶Ⅰ、磷酸甘油酸变位酶B和线粒体电压依赖型阴离子通道下调。谷氨酰胺合成酶在晕船适应组大鼠活力增强。结论大鼠对晕船适应后可诱导与能量代谢、神经递质和氧化应激相关的脑干蛋白质组的改变。     

抗抑郁治疗伴有抑郁症状的功能性胃肠病患者疗效观察

目的探讨盐酸氟西汀治疗伴有抑郁症状的功能性胃肠病患者的临床效果。方法将158例伴有抑郁症状的功能性胃肠病患者按随机数字表法分为盐酸氟西汀治疗组(A组)和莫沙必利治疗组(B组)各79例,分别单纯采用盐酸氟西汀和莫沙必利治疗,疗程均为4周。结果治疗后两组的平均症状积分均明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);A组Zung积分较B组显著下降(P<0.01)。结论精神心理障碍会导致功能性胃肠病,对有抑郁倾向的患者抗抑郁治疗在改善患者抑郁症状的同时能够改善患者的胃肠功能。     

Combat surgery: Status of tactical abbreviated surgical control

Traditionally injury care meant definitive repair following surgical exploration. However the outcome is poor because of deranged physiology in severely injured. Damage control surgery (DCS) is abbreviated initial procedure with subsequent correction of physiological imbalance, followed by definite repair.Tactical abbreviated surgical control (TASC) is application of principles of DCS techniques in the tactical environment. TASC is applied because of patient related factors (classic damage control) and limitations due to tactical reasons. Non-patient related factors only seen in tactical setting are, large numbers of patients arriving in short span, mobility of forward medical units, limitation of resources, and hostile environment. TASC involves only phase one of classical DCS. Complete correction of physiological imbalances and definitive surgery is carried out at a better equipped static hospital. TASC has shown to improve survival, extends benefit to greater number and helps to conserve precious resources. However TASC has its own limitations.     

同心圆硬化的临床表现及影像特点分析

目的总结同心圆硬化（BCG）的临床表现及影像特点。方法对7例均为临床、影像和（或）病理证实的BCG进行分析，总结其临床、影像特点。结果中青年起病，性别差异不明显。多以淡漠、反应迟钝起病，病变多为多发，且病灶较大，但症状及体征相对少。磁共振成像（MRI）检查均可见同心圆改变。结论同心圆硬化是一种特殊类型的脱髓鞘病，发病机制不明，诊断主要依靠MRI检查，激素治疗有效，预后良好。