GDC栓塞术中颅内动脉瘤再破裂的原因、对策与结果

目的探讨电解脱弹簧圈(Guglialm i detachab le coil,GDC)颅内动脉瘤栓塞术中动脉瘤再破裂的发生率、原因、对策及结果。方法302例颅内动脉瘤破裂患者行GDC栓塞术,其中8例发生术中动脉瘤再破裂。结果2例由微导丝穿破动脉瘤壁引起,3例由微导管穿破动脉瘤壁引起,2例由置放首枚弹簧圈时顶破动脉瘤壁引起,l例术中自发破裂,所有病例均继续行GDC动脉瘤填塞。2例死于动脉瘤破裂后大出血,其他6例均康复没有留下后遗症。本组术中动脉瘤再破裂发生率为2.6%,死亡率为25%。结论GDC血管内栓塞术中引起动脉瘤再破裂是十分少见的,但大部分病例经过继续填塞GDC可达到完全填塞动脉瘤,且不留下后遗症。     

S100P as a marker for poor survival and advanced stage in gallbladder carcinoma

AimsGallbladder carcinomas usually present in advanced stages and has a dismal prognosis despite modern imaging techniques and aggressive surgical intervention. Identification of biologic markers for early diagnosis and improved therapeutic strategies is thus of paramount importance. S100P has been identified in a variety of malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal and pancreaticobiliary systems, but it is not yet known if S100P expression is associated with clinically-relevant characteristics of gall bladder carcinoma. The aims of the present study were: 1) to investigate the relationship between S100P expression and histological type, grade, tumor-node-metastasis stage, presence of vascular invasion, perineural invasion and necrosis; and 2) to evaluate for any S100P-defined difference in the risk for tumor recurrence or death.MethodImmunostains for S100P were performed on 4 tissue microarray blocks containing 91 cases of gall bladder carcinoma.ResultThe intensity of S100P staining was significantly associated with pathological T stage 4 (p = 0. 0238). Staining intensity ≥3 in ≥25% tumor cells was associated with pathological T stage 4 (p = 0.0005). A higher S100P immunoreactivity score (IRS) was significantly associated with higher TNM stage (p = 0.0341). Age (p = 0.0485), presence of vascular invasion (p = 0.0359), pathological T stage (p = 0.0291) and TNM stage (p = 0.0153) were significantly associated with tumor recurrence. Intense S100P reactivity was associated with decreased overall survival [hazard ratio = 9.614; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.873–49.338; p = 0.0067].ConclusionOur findings indicate that S100P over-expression is a potential prognostic marker for gall bladder carcinoma and is significantly associated with advanced tumor stage and poorer survival.     

输液港与外周静脉置入中心静脉导管在乳腺癌术后辅助化疗患者中的应用分析

目的 比较输液港（IVAP）与外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）在乳腺癌术后辅助化疗患者中的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析2014年 1月至2016年12月南通市第三人民医院甲乳外科收治的60例早期乳腺癌术后辅助化疗的患者,按不同处理方法分为IVAP组30例和PICC组30例,观察两组患者的临床费用、并发症及生活自理能力的指标差异。结果 IVAP组患者总并发症的发生率（20.00%）低于PICC组（46.67%）;IVAP组患者在洗澡、穿衣、如厕及床椅移动等自理活动方面优于PICC组;但IVAP组患者平均每次化疗置管及维护费用[（1376.00±304.17）元]高于PICC组[（433.35±234.98）元],差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 IVAP是乳腺癌患者术后化疗深静脉留置的有效方法。     

Fetuin-A to adiponectin ratio is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

AimsThe purpose of this research was to explore the associations of fetuin-A, adiponectin, and fetuin-A/adiponectin ratio (F/A ratio) with subclinical atherosclerosis as evaluated by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in cases with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA total of 283 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were enrolled in this study. Serum fetuin-A and adiponectin levels were determined with an ELISA method. Other clinical and biochemical parameters were also collected.ResultsSignificant linear increases in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein (CRP) and F/A ratio, and a significant linear decrease in adiponectin with increasing tertiles of CIMT were observed (P for trends <0.05). However, no significant correlation between fetuin-A and CIMT was detected (P > 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression models, WHR, SBP and F/A ratio were independently correlated with higher CIMT. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that F/A ratio had a better predictive power for higher CIMT than adiponectin and fetuin-A, with an area under the curve of 0.802, 0.713 and 0.646, respectively.ConclusionF/A ratio is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.     

钆塞酸二钠增强MRI肝胆期高信号病变影像表现与特征分析

目的 探讨钆塞酸二钠（Gd-EOB-DTPA）增强MRI肝胆期高信号病变的影像学特征并进行分型。 方法 回顾性纳入经手术病理或典型影像表现及临床随访证实为肝脏局灶性病变的病人124例,平均年龄（55.1±15.8）岁。分析肝脏局灶性病变124个,包括肝细胞癌（HCC）52个、胆管细胞癌（ICC）7个、混合型肝细胞癌-胆管癌（cHCC-CC）4个、转移瘤（HM）6个、局灶性结节增生（FNH）及FNH样变42个、肝腺瘤（HCA）2个、异型增生结节（DN）5个、肝海绵状血管瘤（CHL）6个。所有病人均行肝脏Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI检查,观察分析肝胆期高信号病变特征并对其进行分型。同一病变中不同分型间占比的比较采用Fisher确切概率检验。计算肝胆期病灶-肝脏信号强度比（LLR）,不同病变间LLR的比较采用Kruskal-Wallis检验。 结果 HCC、ICC、HM、FNH/FNH样变和DN病变中不同分型间占比的差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。HCC病灶中28个可见包膜（53.85%）,各分型中Ⅱb型最多（23/52,44.23%）;ICC病灶中Ⅱa型和Ⅲ型最多（均为3/7,42.86%）;HM病灶中Ⅱa型最多（4/6,66.66%）,且均为胃肠道转移瘤;FNH/FNH样变中Ⅳa型最多（32/42,76.19%）;DN病灶中Ⅰa型最多（4/5,80.00%）。肝胆期不同高信号的病变间LLR的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,HCC的LLR低于FNH/FNH样变（P<0.05）。 结论 Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI肝胆期高信号病变的影像特征分型对肝脏局灶性病变的诊断具有一定价值。     

血清补体C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白3水平与糖尿病合并脂肪肝患者颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的探讨补体C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白3(C1q/tumour necrosis factor-related protein-3,CTRP3)与2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)患者颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法采用回顾性分析方法,选取2018年1月至2019年12月在南通大学附属南通第三人民医院内分泌科住院的T2DM患者111例及同期在南通大学附属南通第三人民医院体检中心健康体检者30名。健康体检者30名为对照组,T2DM患者111例根据是否合并NAFLD分为T2DM组52例,T2DM+NAFLD组59例。采用横断面研究方法,收集3组相关临床资料,多组间比较数据符合正态分布且方差齐采用单因素方差分析,两两比较采用SNK-q检验,定性资料比较用χ2检验,颈动脉内中膜厚度(carotid intima-media thickness,IMT)与影响因子的相关性采用偏相关性分析,采用多因素线性回归分析颈动脉IMT的影响因素。结果对照组、T2DM组和T2DM+NAFLD组3组间体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)分别为(23.65±2.81)、(25.52±3.12)、(24.90±2.94)kg/m2,收缩压分别为(119.43±15.81)、(130.63±10.20)、(139.37±14.11)mmHg,舒张压(72.93±9.74)、(73.40±9.44)、(77.97±10.00)mmHg,空腹血糖分别为(5.12±0.77)、(9.78±1.37)、(9.24±1.46)mmol/L,糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)分别为(4.87±1.43)%、(7.99±1.10)%、(8.56±1.29)%,胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)分别为1.56±0.37、2.80±1.00、3.47±0.94,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)分别为(1.52±0.34)、(1.23±0.31)、(1.22±0.31)mmol/L,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)(2.41±0.53)、(2.73±0.61)、(2.93±0.59)mmol/L,CTRP3分别为(292.93±68.54)、(241.69±61.01)、(150.80±56.67)μg/L,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.712、23.023、4.074、134.285、90.818、47.105、10.139、7.941、60.035,P均<0.05)。两两比较T2DM+NAFLD组收缩压、舒张压、HbA1c、HOMA-IR均高于对照组和T2DM组,CTRP3低于对照组和T2DM组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。T2DM组BMI、空腹血糖、HbA1c、HOMA-IR、HDL-C、LDL-C均高于对照组,CTRP3低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。对照组、T2DM组和T2DM+NAFLD组3组间IMT分别为(0.75±0.13)、(1.11±0.17)、(1.25±0.15)cm,Crouse积分分别为(1.28±0.97)、(3.22±1.42)、(4.54±1.22),斑块检出率分别为16.7%(5/30)、65.4%(34/52)、78.0%(46/59),组间比较差异均有统计学意义(F分别为105.941、67.063,χ^(2)=32.108,P均<0.001)。两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),T2DM+NAFLD组最高,其次为T2DM组,对照组最低。偏相关分析显示颈动脉IMT与收缩压、空腹血糖、HbA1c、HOMA-IR、甘油三酯、LDL-C均呈正相关(r值分别为0.356、0.572、0.575、0.620、0.172、0.291,P均<0.05),与HDL-C、CTRP3呈负相关(r值分别为-0.335、-0.675,P均<0.001)。多因素线性回归分析显示HbA1c、HDL-C、CTRP3均是颈动脉粥样硬化的影响因素(t值分别为2.621、-3.764、-7.280,P均<0.05)。结论血清CTRP3与T2DM合并NAFLD患者的颈动脉粥样硬化相关,可能对T2DM合并NAFLD患者的血管病变有保护作用。