山东省肾综合征出血热社区“灶点”干预模式效果评价

为控制肾综合征出血热（HFRS）在农村地区流行，我们在山东省平邑县进行HFRS干预实验，探讨社区HFRS干预最优化模式。     

丹参注射液与异甘草酸镁抗肝纤维化的临床对比研究

Objective To observe the change of liver function and liver fibrosis indexes of the chronic hepatitis B patients that were treated by Danshen injection(DI) and magnesium isnglyeyrrhizinate(MI). Methods 80 chronic hepati-tis B patients based on the conventional treatment were randomly divided into D1 group(40 patients) and MI group(40 pa-tients). The two groups were used with DI and MI injection for 30 days respaetively and then,the levels of liver function and serum hepatic fibrosis(HA, LN, Ⅳ -C) were detected and compared before and after treatment. Results Treatment by DI and MI could both improve liver function significantly, the effect of Ml group was better than DI group(P < 0.05). Moreover, in improving serum hepatic fibrosis, the effect of DI group was better than MI group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The efficacy of the improvement to hepatic fibrosis DI is better than MI, while in improvement of liver function MI is superior to DI.     

Difference in absorption of the two structurally similar flavonoid glycosides, hyperoside and isoquercitrin, in rats.

The present study was to investigate oral absorption of the two similar flavonoid glycosides, isoquercitrin (IQ, quercetin-3-O-glucoside) and hyperoside (HP, quercetin-3-O-galactoside) in rats. Two groups of male SD rats received an oral dose of either IQ (4.5 mg/kg) or HP (6.0 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected via jugular vein at time intervals after drug administration and the plasma concentrations of the studied compounds were analyzed by HPLC. The stability of IQ and HP in the GI tract was also measured by incubation with various GI contents from rats. The results showed that unchanged IQ was barely detectable whereas the glucuronidated quercetin (the aglycone of IQ) was found to be the major form in plasma after oral administration of IQ. In contrast, HP could not be detected in plasma neither as unchanged form nor its aglycone or conjugated aglycone form. Additional in vitro stability studies demonstrated that HP is more stable than IQ in the GI tract. This suggests that IQ could be hydrolyzed easier than HP to its aglycone in GI tract before being absorbed. In conclusion, IQ, as a flavonoid glucoside, could be rapidly absorbed and transformed into glucuronidated quercetin and such absorption might be related to the hydrolysis of the type of sugar moieties attached to its aglycone molecule.     

Role of CYP2C9 and its variants (CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*13) in the metabolism of lornoxicam in humans.

CYP2C9 is an important member of the cytochrome P450 enzyme superfamily with some 12 CYP2C9 alleles (*1-*12) being previously reported. Recently, we identified a new CYP2C9 allele with a Leu90Pro mutation in a Chinese poor metabolizer of lornoxicam [Si D, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Yang L, Zhou H, and Zhong D (2004) Pharmacogenetics 14:465-469]. The new allele, designated CYP2C9*13, was found to occur in approximately 2% of the Chinese population. To examine enzymatic activity of the CYP2C9*13 allele, kinetic parameters for lornoxicam 5'-hydroxylation were determined in COS-7 cells transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1 plasmids carrying wild-type CYP2C9*1, variant CYP2C9*3, and CYP2C9*13 cDNA. The protein levels of cDNA-expressed CYP2C9*3 and *13 in postmitochondrial supernatant (S9) from transfected cells were lower than those from wild-type CYP2C9*1. Mean values of Km and Vmax for CYP2C9*1, *3, and *13 were 1.24, 1.61, and 2.79 microM and 0.83, 0.28, and 0.22 pmol/min/pmol, respectively. Intrinsic clearance values (Vmax/Km) for variant CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*13 on the basis of CYP2C9 protein levels were separately decreased to 28% and 12% compared with wild type. In a subsequent clinical study, the AUC of lornoxicam was increased by 1.9-fold and its oral clearance (CL/F) decreased by 44% in three CYP2C9*1/*13 subjects, compared with CYP2C9*1/*1 individuals. This suggests that the CYP2C9*13 allele is associated with decreased enzymatic activity both in vitro and in vivo.     

针刺影响单纯肥胖病患者血浆酪酪肽水平观察

目的:观察钎刺减肥过程中血浆酪酪肽(PYY)的变化,以了解其与减肥效应的关系.方法:临床针刺治疗34例单纯性肥胖病患者3个疗程,治疗前后测量体质指数(BMI)、脂肪百分率(F%),酶联免疫法测定血清胰岛素,放免法测定血浆PYY,生化比色法测定血脂、血糖,并与20例正常人对照.结果:临床总有效率88.23%,针刺可提高患者降低的胰岛素敏感指数(IAI,t=-5.103,P=0.000)和PYY水平(t=-4.195,P=0.000),但变化的相关性未达到显著性水平(r=0.058,P=0.745).结论:调节PYY可能是针刺减肥取得疗效的途径之一,但其与改善肥胖机体的脂肪代谢异常引起的胰岛素抵抗性的关系有待进一步研究.     

补肾健骨方对卵巢切除所致骨质疏松大鼠外周血清中TNF-α的影响

目的:探讨补肾健骨方治疗骨质疏松症的机理.方法:切除大鼠的双侧卵巢造成骨质疏松模型.采用骨组织形态汁量学方法对胫骨不脱钙骨切片进行形态计量;采用放射免疫分析方法测定大鼠外周血清中TNF-α的含量.结果:切除大鼠卵巢后,胫骨TBV%显著降低,而TRS%以及TFS%、MAR和mAR皆显著增高,表明卵巢切除所造成的是一种骨吸收大于骨形成的高转换型骨质疏松模型.而补肾健骨方能使上述指标发生逆转.同时,大鼠外周血清中TNF-α含量显著增高,而该方能使之降低.结论:补肾健骨方对卵巢切除所致的骨质疏松症有明显的治疗作用,而能使TNF-α含量降低是其治疗机理之一.     

电针治疗术后胃动力障碍60例临床观察

目的:观察电针治疗术后胃动力障碍的临床疗效、疗程.方法:将120例患者随机分为治疗组60例,采用电针治疗,对照组60例,采用西药吗叮啉静脉点滴治疗,观察两组的疗效、疗程.结果:治疗组治愈率为91.7%,对照组为68.3%,经X2检验,X2=6.91,P＜0.01,有显著性差异;治疗组有效率为98.4%,对照组为88.3%,经X2检验,X2=4.82,P＜0.05,有显著性差异,提示治疗组的治愈率及有效率均高于对照组.在两组治愈患者中,经1个疗程治疗后,治疗组治愈45例(81.8%),对照组治愈13例(31.7%),经X2检验,X2=24.66,P＜0.005有极显著性差异.提示治疗组治愈患者的疗程短于对照组.结论:电针对术后胃动力障碍的治疗优于西药吗叮啉静脉点滴.     

吸毒人员吸毒方式、性行为特点与HBV感染的关系研究

目的 了解湖南省吸毒人员乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染情况以及吸毒方式、性行为特点与HBV感染的关系。方法 采用现况研究，通过整群抽样，随机抽取某男性戒毒所和某女性戒毒所中的吸毒人员，以问卷的方式调查吸毒人员的吸毒方式和性行为特点，并用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中HBsAg、抗-HB、HHcAg、抗-HBc、抗-HBc，采用Chi-square检验对数据进行统计分析。结果 吸毒人员HBV感染率为63．2％；静脉注射和非静脉注射吸毒者HBV感染率分别为64．0％和59．4％，两者差异无显著性(P＞0．05)；有婚外性行为和无婚外性行为的吸毒人员HBV感染率分别为65．4％和55．2％，两者差异有显著性(P＜0．05)；不同性伙伴个数HBV感染率比较有显著性差异(P＜0．01)。结论 吸毒人群是HBV的高危人群，静脉吸毒与非静脉吸毒对HBV的感染无显著性差异，婚外性行为是HBV感染的主要危险因素，性伙伴个数是影响HBV感染的重要因素之一。     

三种特殊饮用水对小鼠免疫系统的影响

目的　了解碱性离子水、矿溶生态水、活化水对机体免疫系统的影响。方法　根据《保健食品功能学评价程序和检验方法 1 996》 ,选用 1 2 0只 1 7 8～ 2 3 3g健康雄性Balb c小鼠 ,分为 4小组 ,每小组 30只 ,每天分别自由饮用纯净水 (对照组 )、碱性离子水、矿溶生态水、活化水 ,5 0天后进行小鼠脏器体重比值测定、迟发型变态反应实验、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验、半数溶血值 (HC50 )的测定和抗体生成细胞数的测定(Ⅰ组 )。另选用 1 2 0只 1 7 8～ 2 3 3g健康雄性Balb c小鼠 ,分组同前 ,5 0天后进行ConA诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞转化实验和NK细胞活性测定 (Ⅱ组 ) ,再选用 1 2 0只 1 6 7～ 2 2 0g健康雌性Balb c小鼠 ,分组同前 ,5 0天后进行小鼠碳廓清实验 (Ⅲ组 )。实验数据用stata软件 ,多个实验组和一个对照组间比较 ,进行方差分析。结果　 (1 )三种特殊饮用水与纯净水比较 ,对雌性Balb c小鼠体重增长的影响不显著 ,但饮用碱性离子水和活化水的雄性小鼠的体重增长值均明显低于纯净水 (P <0 0 1和P <0 0 5 ) ;(2 )活化水与纯净水组间比较 ,胸腺体重比值明显增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ;腹腔巨噬细胞鸡红细胞吞噬指数明显增加 (P <0 0 1 ) ;NK细胞活性明显增加(P <0 0 1 )。 (3)其他指标与相应的纯净水比较差?     

δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶基因多态性对职业铅接触工人血铅和锌原卟啉的影响

[目的 ]研究δ 氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶 (ALAD)基因多态性对职业铅接触工人血铅 (PbB)和锌原卟啉 (ZPP)的影响。 [方法 ]采集 170名上海市某蓄电池厂职业铅接触工人外周静脉血样 ,多聚酶链式反应 (PCR)和限制性内切酶 (MspⅠ )限制性片段长度多态性 (RFLP)方法进行ALAD基因分型分析 ,用PE 80 0型原子吸收分光光度计和ZPP 3 80 0型血液锌原卟啉测定仪分别测定PbB和ZPP含量 ,并分析其与基因型的关系。 [结果 ]①ALAD11纯合子基因型者有 15 4名 ,占90 5 9% ;ALAD12杂合子基因型者有 16名 ,占 9.41% ;未检出ALAD2 2纯合子基因型者 ;②ALAD1和ALAD2等位基因分布频率分别是 95 .2 9%和 4.71% ;③在同等外暴露条件下 ,ALAD12杂合子基因型组工人血铅水平 ( 1.0 4± 0 .48μmol/L)明显高于ALAD11纯合子基因型组工人血铅水平 ( 0 .78± 0 .3 4μmol/L) ,且差异有统计学意义 ;④ALAD12基因型工人锌原卟啉(ZPP)含量比ALAD11基因型者稍低 ,但差异没有统计学意义 ,前者为 ( 0 .42± 0 .2 4) μmol/L ,后者为 ( 0 .46± 0 .41) μmol/L。[结论 ]ALAD2等位基因频率与文献报道的亚洲人群的结果相近 ,符合Hardy Weinberg平衡 ,在同样职业铅暴露环境下 ,具有ALAD2等位基因的工人血铅水平增高 ,ALAD2等位基因可加重工人体内的铅