三类降压药物对高血压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及左室重构的对比研究

目的：评价氯沙坦,福辛普利,氨氯地平对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）心肌细胞凋亡及左室重构的效应,方法：将40只16周龄SHR随机分为氯沙坦治疗组（SHR－L）,福辛普利治疗组（SHR－F）,氨氯地平治疗组（SHR－A）及空白对照组（SHR－C）,采用末端脱氧核糖核苷酸转移酶介导dUTP缺口未端标记,放免及病理检查方法对SHR治疗8周,16周心肌细胞凋亡指数（APOI）,血浆和组织血管紧张素Ⅱ,（PAngⅡ,M AngⅡ）及左室重构指标检测。结果：（1）各治疗组治疗8周,16周收缩压均明显下降,组间差异无显著性;各治疗组左室重量（LVW）,左室重量指数（LVMI）均有显著性改善,SHR－F组治疗16周较其他两组LVMI显著减低。（2）仅SHR－F组治疗8周APOI显著性下降,治疗16周各治疗组APOI均有显著下降,尤以SHR－F组下降明显。（3）SHR－L组治疗8周及16周PAng Ⅱ,MAngⅡ显著增加。SHR－F组治疗8周MAngⅡ显著下降,治疗16周SHR－F,SHR－A两组MAngⅡ均明显下降,且前组较后组下降显著,但对PAngⅡ无明显影响。结论：3药物均能有效逆转心脏肥厚及抗心肌细胞凋亡,其中以福辛普利显著,上述作用可能是拮抗心肌组织肾素－血管紧张素－醛固酮系统的效应。     

丁咯地尔治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的临床研究

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of buflomedil on clinical symptom and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients. METHODS: 58 cases of diabetic patents with peripheral neuropathy were divided into diabetes group treated with buflomedil (DB) 100 mg.d-1 and diabetes control group (DP) treated with PGE1 200 micrograms.d-1. NCV was measured and peripheral nerve symtom was observed in two groups before treatment and after 2 weeks. RESULTS: NCV and peripheral nerve symptom were obviously improved both in DB group and DP group (P < 0.01). The effective rate were respectively 80.0% and 89.3% in DB group and DP group. The diversity was no significant in DB group and DP group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: buflomedil is an effective and safe drug for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients.     

异丙酚小剂量咪唑安定联合镇静与胃镜检查

OBJECTIVE: To search for a sedative method that is more suitable for gastroscopy. METHODS: All of patients were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The experimental group was treated with propofol and midazolam, the control group was treated with propofol alone. The cumulation dosage of propofol, sedative effect, variation of BP and SaO2 were observed in all patient. RESULTS: The cumulative dosage of propofol in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group [(73.21 +/- 18.67) mg and (117.23 +/- 21.57) mg respectively]; the oblivious degree in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (95.65% and 80.00%); the onset time and the descendant range of BP and SaO2 were also lower in the experimental than those in the control group. There was not remarkable difference in sedative effect and veriviscont time between the control group and the experimental group. CONCLUSIONS: In such a rapid operation of gastroscopy, the dosage of propofol in the experimental group is obviously less than that in the control group, while it does not affect the effect of sedation, the diagnose and cure time in gastroscopy room, and has more security and less cost.     

缺血预处理抑制缺血再灌注所致兔在体心肌细胞凋亡

目的：为探讨缺血预处理对缺血再灌注过程中心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：将24只新西兰白兔制成在体心肌缺血／再灌注模型,并随机分成假手术对照组（P组）,缺血／再灌注对照组（IR组）,缺血预处理组（IP组）,结果：IP组心肌梗死面积与缺血面积的比率比IR组显著减少（P＜0．05）;凋亡指数IP组亦比IR组小（P＜0．01）,IR组心肌DNA Ladder形成明显,IP组DNA Ladder模糊不清,结论：缺血预处理对缺血／再灌注损伤中心肌细胞凋亡具有抑制作用。     

Externalization and internalization of cardiac endothelin receptors during different phases of sepsis in rat.

Objective. To study the redistribution ofendothelin- 1 (ET- 1 ) receptors in two subcellular organelles, the sarcolemreal membrane and the light vesicle, of rat heart during the progression of sepsis. Methods. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). ET1 receptor was assayed by using[125I]-ET1 binding. Marker enzyme activities, protein yield, and dry-to-wet weight ratio of cardiac membraneswere measured. Results. Septic rat heart exhibited two distinct phases: an initial hyperdynamic phase( 9h after CLP; early stage of sepsis) followed by a hypodynamic ( 18h after CLP, late stage of sepsis) phase. [125I]-ET1 binding study showed that during early stage of sepsis, the Bmax of ET1 receptors was increased by 30% in sarcolemma but decreased by 19% in light vesicles, while during late stage of sepsis, the Bmax was decreased by 24% in sarcolem-ma but increased by 38% in light vesicles. The total binding of sarcolemma and light vesicles was increased by 25% during early stage of sepsis but decreased by 17% during late stage of sepsis. Conclusions. These data indicated that ET1 receptors in the rat heart were externalized from light vesicles to sarcolemmal membranes during early hyperdynamic phase while internalized from surface membranes to intracellu-lar compartment during late hypodynamic phase of sepsis.     

ISOBUTYRAMIDE ACTIVATES TRANSCRIPTION OF HUMAN FETAL γ- AND MURINE EMBRYONIC εy-GLOBIN GENES

INTRODUCTIONDuringhumandevelopment,theexpressionofβ－likeglobingenesdisplaystwoswitches：fromembryonic（ε）tofetal（GγandAγ）duringearlydevelopmentandfromfetaltoadult（βandδ）aroundtheparturientperiod．Inadultlife,thefetalhemoglobin（HbF,α２γ２）islessthan１％oftotalhemoglobinandisrestrictedtoFcellswhichrepre－sentlessthan５％ofthebloodcells（１）．Stimulationorreactivationoffetalglobinexpressionhasbeenconsideredtobeapotentialmethodofamelioratingtheβhemoglobin－opathies．Ins…     

脊柱侧凸矫形钽氏棒内固定失败原因分析

目的：分析脊柱侧凸鲁氏棒矫形内固定术后内失败的原因,为今后应用鲁氏棒治疗脊柱侧凸提供有益的借鉴。方法回顾1989年1月至1999年3月收治的脊柱侧凸患者应用鲁氏棒矫形内固定者96例,其中由各种原因所致的内固定失败者15例。结果：分析造成内固定失败的原因为①术前软组织松解不充分;②矫形过程中拧紧内固定钢丝时用力不均匀;③内固定钢丝数量太少;④植骨的数量不足;⑤内固定的节段不正确;⑥下床活动太早。结论：应用鲁氏棒治疗脊柱侧凸仍然是一种行之有效的方法,但在术前准备、手术过程和术后处理时,应注意以上可能造成固定失败的因素。     

Three-dimensional reconstruction of internal auditory meatus and anatomical study of the inner structures]

OBJECTIVE: To provide anatomical basis for surgical operation in internal auditory meatus (IAM). METHODS: Structures of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and IAM in 25 temporal bone specimens (50 sides) fixed in formalin were measured. Three-dimensional reconstruction (3DR) of IAM in 13 normal adults (26 sides) was conducted using spiral CT scanning. RESULTS: IAM took a conic shape with larger inside and smaller outside. The average width of IAM was (4.16 +/- 1.23) mm(2.87-6.83 mm) in horizontal dimension, the average height was (3.14 +/- 1.01) mm(2.23-4.45 mm) in vertical dimension, the average length was (8.67 +/- 2.31) mm (6.77-11.22 mm), the average volume was (98.23 +/- 16.56) mm3(67.44-133.21 mm3). There were 1-4 internal auditory arteries branched from the anterior-inferior cerebellar artery, which formed a vascular ansa near the opening of IAM. The average length of the facial nerve in IAM was (0.98 +/- 0.03) mm (0.89-1.07 mm), the average diameter of vestibulocochlear nerve was (1.67 +/- 0.05) mm (1.42-1.97 mm), the average diameter of the intermediate nerve (0.23 +/- 0.02) mm (0.19-0.26 mm). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to pay attention to types of vascular ansa and relative nerve location in IAM during operation.     

梨状窝癌局部扩展的病理学研究

目的 探讨梨状窝癌局部扩展的规律,为梨状窝癌的手术治疗提供病理学依据。方法 应用石蜡包埋大体标本连续切片的方法,对２６例梨状窝癌全喉及次全喉及次全喉切除的标本进行了观察。结果 位于梨状窝外侧壁的肿瘤（４例）主要向外侧咽侧壁扩展,位于梨状窝内侧壁的肿瘤（５例）容易向喉腔及对侧梨状窝扩展。累及整个梨状窝１７例。声门旁间隙及甲状软骨是最易受侵犯的喉结构,环状软骨受侵较少;会厌及会厌前间隙的侵犯未见超过中