蛋白转导域介导BCR/ABL抗原对CML患者T细胞的活化作用

目的：研究蛋白转导域(PTD)介导的BCR／ABL抗原对慢性髓细胞白血病(CML)患者T细胞的特异性活化作用。方法：利用基因工程技术，将PTD基因与CML b3a2 bcr／abl基因融合并原核表达。将纯化的PTD—BCR／ABL融合蛋白与CML患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)体外共孵育，用流式细胞仪分别检测CD4^ 、CD8^ T细胞上活化抗原CD25的表达。结果：终浓度为100mg／L的PTD—BCR／ABL抗原体外刺激4d后，10例CML患者中，5例表现为CD8^ T细胞活化，2例表现为CD4^ T细胞活化，其中有1例CD8^ 和CD4^ T细胞同时活化；而作为对照的BCR／ABL抗原刺激组无一例表现为CD8^ 或CD4^ T细胞活化。结论：PTD能将外源性BCR／ABL抗原转导入抗原呈递细胞内，加工呈递后激活抗原特异性CD8^ 及CD4^ T细胞，为CML特异性CD8^ 、CD4^ T细胞的体外活化及细胞免疫治疗开辟一条新的途径。     

Immunohistochemical analysis of Smac/DIABLO expression in human carcinomas and sarcomas

Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) is released from mitochondria into the cytosol during apoptosis, promoting caspase activation by neutralizing the inhibition of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) on caspases. Alteration of apoptosis is essential for cancer development, and cancer cell death by radiation and chemotherapy is largely dependent upon apoptosis. In this study, archival tissues of 100 carcinomas and 50 sarcomas from various origins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of Smac/DIABLO. Smac/DIABLO immunoreactivity was seen in 62 of 100 (62%) carcinomas, including 42 of 60 stomach carcinomas, 7 of 10 colorectal carcinomas, 4 of 10 lung carcinomas, 7 of 10 ovarian carcinomas, and 2 of 10 prostate carcinomas. Smac/DIABLO is expressed in 11 of 50 (22%) sarcomas, including 2 of 8 malignant schwannomas, 5 of 11 rhabdomyosarcomas, 2 of 7 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 1 of 6 leiomyosarcomas, 0 of 8 angiosarcomas, 0 of 8 liposarcomas, and 1 of 2 Ewing's sarcomas. These data demonstrated that Smac/DIABLO expression levels vary depending on the individual cancer types. Furthermore, the present study showed that many human cancers do not express Smac/DIABLO, and suggest that lack of Smac/DIABLO expression in the cancer cells may inhibit apoptosis, thereby promoting their survival.     

Distinct patterns of cleavage and translocation of cell cycle control proteins in CD95-induced and p53-induced apoptosis

Apoptotic cell death induced by p53 occurs at a late G1 cell cycle checkpoint termed the restriction (R) point, and it has been proposed that p53-induced apoptosis causes upregulation of CD95. However, as cells with defective in CD95 signaling pathway are still sensitive to p53-induced apoptosis, CD95 cannot be the sole factor resulting in apoptosis. In addition, unlike p53-induced apoptosis, the relationship between CD95-mediated apoptosis and the cell cycle is not clearly understood. It would therefore be worth investigating whether CD95-mediated cell death is pertinent with p53-induced apoptosis in view of cell cycle related molecules. In this report, biochemical analysis showed that etoposide-induced apoptosis caused the induction and the nuclear translocation of effector molecules involved in G1 cell cycle checkpoint. However, there was no such translocation in the case of CD95-mediated death. Thus, although both types of apoptosis involved caspase activation, the cell cycle related proteins responded differently. This argues against the idea that p53-induced apoptosis occurs through the induction of CD95/CD95L expression.     

老年与中青年癌症病人心理健康状况比较研究

癌症是一种心身疾病 ,心理社会因素在癌症的发生、发展及预后中均起着重要作用。反过来 ,癌症对病人来说又是一种恶性刺激 ,会给病人带来沉重的心理负担 ,影响疾病的康复和生活质量 ,并可加速癌症的恶性进展 ,造成不良后果。有研究表明 ,老年与中青年癌症病人因社会地位、社会经验及社会责任的不同而各具特点[1] 。了解不同年龄癌症病人的心理状况 ,并采取相应的处理策略 ,对癌症的治疗和康复具有积极作用。我们对 1999年 7月～ 2 0 0 0年 8月收治的 12 6例老年和 96例中青年癌症病人的心理健康状况进行了对比分析 ,结果总结如下。1　材料和…     

MERKEL CELL TUMOR COEXPRESSING CYTOKERATIN AND NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS

Whorled filaments 10 nm in width were identified by anti-intermediate filaments antibodies in a Merkel cell tumor from a 52-year-old man. Immunohistochemlcal tests revealed that the tumor was stained with anti-keratin antibody and antibodies against the 68-kd and 200-kd subunits of neurofilament proteins but not antibody against the 150-kd subunlt. This is the first reported case of Merkel cell tumor expressing a 200-kd subunit of neurofilament proteins.     

甲亢对妊娠妇女的影响

目的 探讨甲亢对妊娠妇女的影响。方法 回顾性分析32例妊娠合并甲亢病例。结果 甲亢合并早孕者共16例,发生妊娠剧吐10例,先兆流产6例;甲亢合并晚孕者16例,发生早产3例,胎儿窘迫6例,合并妊高征2例,产后出血2例,新生儿窒息3例。结论 重症甲亢控制不良的病例易于发生流产、早产、胎儿窘迫等并发症,新生儿窒息的发生率高。孕前及孕期应积极控制甲亢,以降低妊娠并发症。     

颈深筋膜及筋膜间隙的计算机三维重建

目的 :对颈深筋膜及深筋膜间隙进行计算机三维重建以显示其立体结构。方法 :用生物塑化技术制作薄层断面标本 ,在SGI工作站上 ,采用双线提取筋膜及间隙轮廓的方法对颈深筋膜及其间隙进行了三维重建。结果 :重建出咽后间隙、颈动脉间隙和内脏间隙及颈部的大血管和重要器官。重建结构均能单独显示、任意搭配显示或总体显示 ,可在三维空间位置上绕任意轴旋转任意角度。结构 :用双线法提取筋膜及间隙轮廓 ,能重建出筋膜间隙并能同时清楚显示间隙内的结构 ,为筋膜间隙的计算机三维重建提供了一种新的方法     

成年大鼠基底前脑隔-斜角带复合体的巢蛋白免疫阳性神经元至海马的纤维投射

目的 观察大鼠基底前脑巢蛋白(nestin)免疫阳性神经元的纤维投射。方法 先用荧光素逆行追踪法显示基底前脑内投射至海马的荧光素标记神经元，观察摄片后再进行nestin免疫组织化学染色。对比荧光照片和免疫组织化学染色照片，辨认荧光素和nestin双标神经元。结果 在基底前脑注射侧的内侧隔核(MS)和斜角带核的垂直支(vDB)和水平支(hDB)均存在荧光素标记细胞，其中一部分为nestin免疫阳性。在MS、vDB和hDB，双标细胞占逆行标记细胞的比例分别为21．3％、25％和20．6％；占nestin阳性细胞的比例分别为26．6％、15．7％和16．3％。结论 大鼠基底前脑的nestin免疫阳性神经元发出神经纤维向海马投射。提示在基底前脑有一个平行于隔-海马胆碱能投射和GABA能投射的第3条通路。     

分子构效关系研究的模式识别方法

定量构效关系 QSAR是研究并揭示物质结构和活性之间的联系 ,近年来有广泛的研究与应用。在一定程度上 ,联系揭示的是一种模式识别的问题 ,本文介绍了在此类研究中所涉及到的模式识别方法 ,并作了一些前景展望     

脑益嗪对实验性血栓形成的影响

脑益嗪是—钙拮抗剂。本实验用颈动—静脉血流旁路术和改良的chandler氏体外血栓法研宄了脑益嗪的抗血栓作用。结果表明:脑益嗪对两种方法形成的血栓均有明显的抑制作用,二种方法的结果基本一致。因此,本文提示脑益嗪除直接扩张血管外,尚有很强的抗血栓作用,其效价强度优于阿斯匹林。