热舒适的生理机制

目的为室内人工空调温度参数的设定及热舒适度提供实验证据.方法分别观察不同空调温度对大鼠下丘脑部位多巴胺神经元活动及体温的影响.结果当空调温度为28 ℃时,下丘脑多巴胺(DA)代谢产物--双羟苯乙酸(DOPAC)水平和体温在记录的1 h内保持不变.与此相比较: 1.当空调温度高于28 ℃时, DOPAC水平逐渐增加,当空调温度低于27 ℃时,DOPAC水平逐渐降低;2.当空调温度为26 ℃、27 ℃、28 ℃、29 ℃时,大鼠体温能够保持相对恒定.当空调温度高于29 ℃时,体温逐渐增加;当空调温度低于26 ℃时,体温逐渐降低.结论麻醉状态下的大鼠在空调温度为28℃时,体温调节活动处于最佳状态.     

浅谈电子文档的原始性和真实性及法律证据作用

该文针对电子文件或档案的原始性真实性与电子档案的法律证据作用,参考了最新的研究结果,并提出了自己的思考,逐步探讨了它们的涵义及关系.     

A novel access method for endovascular procedures in the porcine model

Objective To evaluate the use of the saphenous artery as an alternative access for endovascular procedures in the porcine model. Methods Fourteen adult pigs (25-35kg) were used in this study, 3 pigs from an acute study and 11 from chronic studies. A 2-3 cm incision was made and a saphenous artery cutdown was performed in 24 sides. Micropunc ture sets (Boston Scientific) or 18 G puncture needles were used to access the artery. Different sizes of introducers (4-7F) were used to establish endovascular access. Angiographic catheters were then used to confirm if the access was usable. Four saphenous arteries were explanted in the pigs from a chronic study 4 to 28 days after surgical procedure. Results The saphenous artery was very easy to expose and 4-5 F introducer sheaths were able to be inserted to establish access for endovascular procedures in the pigs. The saphenous artery was unable to accomodate an introducer with a size larger than 6 F. Four saphenous arteries were injured when 5 and 6 F introducers were used, but angiographic procedures could still be performed. Morphologic evaluation of the explanted arteries demonstrated occlusion of the saphenous arteries without injury or disruption of the adjacent femoral arteries. Conclusion The saphenous artery can be used as an access site in pigs for angiographic and interventional procedures if the catheter size is less than 6 F. This vessel is easier to access and can preserve the femoral artery for repeat procedures in the future.     

Rosiglitazone down-regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of CD40 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells through a NF-κB dependent mechanism

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism by which PPARγ ligand, rosiglitasone, regulates the expression of CD40 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods RPMCs were harvested from Sprague-Dawley rat peritoneal cavity and maintained under defined in vitro conditions. The cells were randomly divided into groups as follows: medium, LPS (5 mg/L), LPS (5 mg/L)+BAY11-7085(5 μmol/L, NF-κB inhibitor), rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L or 20 μmol/L, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activator), LPS (5 mg/L)+rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L)+GW9662 (3 μmol/L, peroxisome proliferator-aetivatcd receptor γ antagonist), and LPS (5 mg/L)+vehicle (DMSO 0.2 ml/L). The expressions of CD40 and ICAM-1 RNA in RPMCs were examined by RT-PCR after 3 hour treatment, and the protein expressions of CD40, ICAM-1, p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκBα were examined by Western blot or immunofluorescence after 24 hour treatment. Results Following treatment with LPS, both the expressions of CD40 and ICAM-1 protein in RPMCs were up-regulated significantly (P<0.05), and the phosphoralation of p65 was increased greatly (1.10±0.17 vs 0.55±0.06, P<0.05). BAY11-7085 (5 μmol/L) significantly decreased the protein expression of p-p65 (0.22±0.11 vs 1.10±0.17, P<0.01), CD40 (0.34±0.02 vs 0.50±0.06, P<0.05) and ICAM-1 (0.35±0.16 vs 0.74±0.03, P<0.05). Pretreated with rosiglitazone for 3 h then added with LPS for 1 h, the levels of p-p65, CD40 and ICAM-1 in RPMCs were significantly decreased compared with those of LPS group (0.77±0.08 vs 0.90±0.10, P相似文献   

自身免疫性感音神经性聋豚鼠的子代内耳生理功能研究

目的 :观察自身免疫性感音神经性聋 (ASHL)母豚鼠所产子代内耳生理功能的变化 ,探讨针对内耳的自身免疫因素对子代内耳生理功能的影响及其改变特点。方法 :同种内耳抗原 (CIEAg)持续免疫孕豚鼠 ,采用耳蜗电图 (记录cAP、CM )和眼震电图仪 (记录自发性眼震和冷热空气试验 )测试母鼠和子鼠的听觉和前庭功能 ,并检测血清特异性体液免疫反应。结果 :ASHL模型母豚鼠所产子鼠血清中发现有特异性抗体水平升高 ,部分 (3 /9)出现听觉损伤。非ASHL母鼠和对照组母鼠所产子代未见明显异常。结论 :ASHL雌鼠所产子代可出现感音神经性聋 ,其内耳损伤和功能障碍极可能与针对内耳组织的自身免疫反应 (尤其是体液免疫 )有关 ,从而提示内耳自身免疫因素可能为部分先天性非遗传性感音神经性聋的病因之一。     

婴儿巨细胞病毒性肝炎(下)

实验室检查主要包括诊断CMV感染和肝功能检查两方面。一、CMV感染的实验室检查实验室检查是诊断CMV感染和判明抗CMV治疗效果的基础,因此无论采用何种方法,必须试剂可靠,操作严格,结果可信。实验室检查的方法有以下几种。(一)病毒学检测1.显微镜下检测病毒颗粒和包涵体:在电镜下检查病毒,除能见到完整的病毒颗粒外,还可发现致密体等不完整的病毒颗粒。加用特异性抗CMV单抗后,能提高阳性检出率。但是此法不仅需要昂贵的电镜设备,阳性率也不高,已很少用于研究,更难作为常规检查。显微镜下寻找包涵体,阳性率也不高,且在很多产毒性感染时也…     

脂多糖刺激树突状细胞前后TLR2、3、4基因表达的检测

目的 检测脂多糖作用于树突状细胞前后TLR2、3、4基因的表达情况。方法 从外周血分离单核细胞，加入rhGM-CSF及rhIL-4，培养的第6天，实验组加入脂多糖刺激24h，对照组不加。分别提取细胞总RNA，行半定量RT-PCR，产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析。结果 单核细胞经GM-CSF及IL-4诱导7d后的DC表达较高水平TLR2、3、4。脂多糖刺激24h后，TLR2、3、4表达下降，TLR4几乎测不到。结论 树突状细胞在受脂多糖刺激前后TLRs的表达有显著变化，推测和它的功能成熟有关。     

内脂素在MIN6胰岛β细胞的表达及葡萄糖和棕榈酸对其表达的影响

Visfatin was expressed in rat anti mouse islets,as well as in MIN6 cells. The visfatin expression was affected by various concentrations of environmental glucose (5.5 and 33.3 mmoL/L) and palmitate(0.5 mmol/L). As compared with low-level glucose medium (5.5 mmol/L, 1.0±0.11) , visfatin expression increased in media with high glucose and palmitate (1.32 ±0. 18, 1. 33±0. 15,1.72±0.27, all P<0. 05). The result suggests that visfatin seems to be involved in the regulation of insulin secretion.     

婴儿外部性脑积水的多排螺旋CT表现及临床分析

目的探讨婴儿外部性脑积水(external hydrocephalus,EH)的多排螺旋CT特征及诊断价值.方法对35例外部性脑积水患儿的病因、临床特征、CT表现进行分析.结果双侧额顶区蛛网膜下腔对称性局限性增宽,是EH出现最早也是最具有特征的CT征象.结论 CT检查对婴儿外部性脑积水的临床诊断、病因分析及治疗具有重要的价值.     

糖尿病腹膜透析患者胰岛素治疗方案探讨

目的探讨糖尿病腹膜透析(CAPD)患者合理的胰岛素应用方法.方法采用横断面研究方法调查所有接受CAPD治疗至少6个月以上的糖尿病肾病患者的胰岛素使用方案及血糖控制情况.并在横断面研究的基础上,动态观察24例新收的糖尿病CAPD患者透析前、后胰岛素的使用方法、剂量调整方案及血糖控制情况.结果2002年6月至2002年12月间共25例2型糖尿病CAPD患者,其中腹腔内注射胰岛素(IP)6人,皮下注射胰岛素(SC)9人,腹腔和皮下联合应用(IP SC)7人.①空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、透析液糖总负荷量、透析液平均糖浓度、透析剂量在IP、SC、IP SC三组间差异均无显著性,(P＞0.05);②与IP及IP SC组相比,SC组胰岛素用量明显减少,(P＜0.05);③腹膜炎的总发生率为1次/每15患者月,明显高于同期非糖尿病腹膜透析患者的腹膜炎发生率(1次/每48患者月),(P＜0.01);④动态观察24例新收的糖尿病CAPD患者,胰岛素剂量较透析前平均增加了(0.33±0.23)倍.透析后调整的胰岛素实际增加量与理论预测增加量差异无显著性,(P＞0.05).患者血糖控制良好,平均为(5.81±1.22)mmol/L.结论皮下注射胰岛素是有效控制糖尿病CAPD患者血糖水平的适当途径.腹膜透析后,可在原有皮下应用胰岛素方案的基础上,参照糖吸收量计算需增加的胰岛素用量适当增减胰岛素,能有效控制血糖.