Rickettsia raoultii-like Bacteria in Dermacentor spp. Ticks, Tibet, China

TO THE EDITOR: Rickettsia raoultii is an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium belonging to the spotted fever group (SFG) of the genus Rickettsia. Genotypes RpA4, DnS14, and DnS28, originally isolated from ticks from Russia in 1999 (1), were designated as Rickettsia raoultii sp. nov. on the basis of phylogenetic analysis (2). R. raoultii has been found mainly in Dermacentor spp. ticks in several countries in Europe (3). It was detected in a Dermacentor marginatus tick from the scalp of a patient with tick-borne lymphadenitis in France (2), which suggests that it might be a zoonotic pathogen. We determined the prevalence of R. raoultii-like bacteria in Dermacentor spp. in highland regions in Tibet.     

基于网络药理学对紫苏-百合药对治疗原发性失眠的作用机制研究

目的：通过网络药理学研究紫苏-百合药对治疗原发性失眠的有效活性成分及相应基因靶点、信号通路,并探讨其作用机制。方法：通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）、中药综合数据库（TCMID）和文献检索紫苏-百合药对的主要化合物及其相应的作用靶点;通过GeneCards、人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)检索原发性失眠的疾病靶点;紫苏-百合药对和原发性失眠的交集基因靶点通过String数据库和Cytoscape软件构建网络可视化;利用DAVID数据库对交集靶点进行基因本体（GO）富集分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）富集分析。结果：本研究共筛选到紫苏-百合药对主要有效活性成分共22个,其中紫苏16个,百合7个（包含1个重复活性成分）;有效活性成分与原发性失眠共同作用靶点53个;GO富集分析结果显示生物过程（BP)共有284条;细胞组分(CC)共有35条;分子功能(MF)共有58条;KEGG信号通路富集结果显示102条通路。结论：紫苏-百合药对能够通过多靶点、多通路治疗原发性失眠,为深入揭示其作用机制提供了生物信息学基础。     

成人获得性锌缺乏症1例

 报告1例成人获得性锌缺乏症。患者女,55岁,眼周及口周皮疹1个月,双手足水疱10余天。皮肤科检查：头发稀疏、颜色正常;双眼周、口周见红色斑疹、斑片及鳞屑;双手掌及手腕、双足底、足趾见红斑基础上水疱、大疱,疱壁厚,疱液澄清,尼氏征阴性,部分破溃结痂;肛周、骶尾部见多处破溃后红色糜烂面。腹部及四肢见散在红色斑疹、褐色痂皮,口腔及生殖器黏膜未累及。实验室检查：血清锌70.05 μmol/L,碱性磷酸酶＜20 U/L。皮损组织病理：轻度角化过度,表皮轻度增生,灶性细胞内细胞间水肿,局部形成小水疱,真皮浅中层血管周围少量淋巴细胞浸润。诊断：获得性锌缺乏症。治疗：予以口服葡萄糖酸锌溶液及营养支持疗法,皮损1周内缓解。随访3个月未见复发。     

补肺健脾方联合茚达特罗格隆溴铵治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效研究

目的:探讨补肺健脾方联合茚达特罗格隆溴铵对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者疗效及对磷脂酰肌醇激酶3/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)信号通路和炎症因子的影响。方法:选择老年COPD稳定期患者122例,运用随机数字表法分为两组,各61例。对照组给予茚达特罗格隆溴铵治疗,观察组给予补肺健脾方联合茚达特罗格隆溴铵治疗,两组疗程均为8周。比较两组治疗疗效,治疗前后肺功能、COPD评估测试(CAT)问卷评分、6 min步行距离(6MWT)、血清PI3K、血清Akt水平、PI3K/Akt蛋白表达,肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-8(IL-8)和白介素-15(IL-15)水平。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组。治疗后,两组FEV1、PEF、FEV1/FVC和6MWT高于治疗前,而CAT评分、血清PI3K、血清Akt水平、PI3K/Akt蛋白表达灰度值、TNF-α、IL-8、IL-15水平低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。治疗后,两组FEV1、PEF、FEV1/FVC和6MWT高于对照组,而CAT评分、血清PI3K、血清Akt水平、PI3K/Akt蛋白表达灰度值、TNF-α、IL-8、IL-15水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:补肺健脾方联合茚达特罗格隆溴铵对老年COPD稳定期患者疗效较好,患者肺功能明显改善,生活质量、运动耐力明显提高,且PI3K/Akt信号通路表达下调,细胞炎症反应降低。     

Chronic effects of tributyltin on multiple biomarkers responses in juvenile common carp,Cyprinus carpio

In this study, the chronic toxic effects of tributyltin (TBT), an antifouling paints commonly present in surface and ground water, on morphological indices, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and ATPase activity and heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 protein in tissues (liver, gill, and white muscle) of common carp were investigated. Fish were exposed at sublethal concentrations of TBT (75 ng/L, 0.75 μg/L, and 7.5 μg/L) for 60 days. When compared with the control, there was significant lower condition factor in fish exposed at the higher concentration of TBT. ROS levels in three tissues increased significantly at higher TBT concentrations (0.75 and 7.5 μg/L). The hepatic antioxidant enzymes (total antioxidative capacity and superoxide dismutase) activities were induced at higher concentrations (0.75 μg/L) of TBT. When compared with the hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities in fish exposed to 0.75 μg/L of TBT, there was a decreasing trend in those exposed to TBT with a concentration of 7.5 μg/L. However, all the antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly inhibited in gill and muscle of fish exposed to higher TBT concentrations (0.75 and 7.5 μg/L). Moreover, there was significant lower Na‐K‐ATPase in three tissues after long‐term exposure to higher concentration of TBT, but a significant higher Hsp70 protein levels was observed. In short, environmental concentrations of TBT could not induce obvious impacts on fish, but long‐term exposure to higher concentrations of TBT could affect seriously the health status of fish. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 937–944, 2016.     

基于HTML5的肿瘤流行病数据可视化系统实现

目的:为恶性肿瘤流行病领域科研人员方便解读数据并识别恶性肿瘤的流行特征,助其开展下一步的干预研究。方法:使用HTML5、D3.js及ECharts等相关可视化技术。结果:设计实现了基于Web端B/S结构的CEDV系统。结论:CEDV系统从多个维度对发病数据进行可视化展示,以及对数据的全库搜索功能及动态分析功能。肿瘤流行病学科研人员通过CEDV系统能够直观完整地把握和理解海量的肿瘤流行病数据,为其后续的科研活动提供方便。     

河北省18岁及以上人群糖尿病患病现状分析

目的 了解河北省≥18岁人群糖尿病患病情况。方法 2013年9月至2014年4月采用多阶段整群抽样方法抽取≥18岁常住人口为样本,分析调查前12个月糖尿病患病状况。结果 共有7 678人纳入分析。河北省人群糖尿病患病率为12.9%（男性：13.1%,女性：12.8%）,男女性患病率差异无统计学意义（P=0.09）,城市人群患病率（16.2%）高于农村人群（12.1%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,患病率有随年龄增长的趋势（P<0.01）。FPG受损患病率为5.1%,男女性及城乡患病率差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。糖耐量减低患病率为10.4%,男女性及城乡患病率差异无统计学意义。糖尿病患者中知晓率为50.7%,治疗率为46.3%,控制率为37.5%。女性知晓率、治疗率均高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 河北省人群糖尿病患病率较高,城乡间患病率差异大。FPG受损及糖耐量减低患病率均较高,而糖尿病知晓率、治疗率、控制率较低。     

携带肠道病毒71型VPl基因的重组减毒沙门菌的构建和鉴定

目的构建和鉴定能够稳定携带肠道病毒71型（EV71）VPl基因的重组减毒伤寒沙门菌,用于口服EV71DNA疫苗的研发。方法利用DNA重组技术,构建表达EV71VPl蛋白的真核表达质粒VR．EV7lVPl,体外转染Vero细胞后检测目的蛋白体外表达和抗原性,并将该质粒电转化至减毒伤寒沙门菌SL7027。结果酶切鉴定证实构建含EV7lVPl基因的重组质粒,体外表达目的蛋白具有较好的抗原性．并获得稳定携带该质粒的重组减毒伤寒沙门菌。结论成功构建稳定携带肠道病毒71型VPl基因的减毒伤寒沙门菌,为下一步的疫苗研究打下了基础。     

Molecular spectrum of α- and β-globin gene mutations detected in the population of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China

We studied 6,023 individuals diagnosed with anemia on the basis of hematological examinations. The study showed that the frequency of α-thalassemia (α-thal) carriers was 26.9% and β-thal carriers comprised 19.9% of the population of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China (PCR). The diagnosed α-thal anomalies were related to six gene mutations and 16 genotypes, whereas the β-thal were related to 10 gene mutations and 65 genotypes. The four most common mutations [codons 41/42 (-TTCT), codon 17 (A>T), -28 (A>G) and IVS-II-654 (C>T)] accounted for 86.38% of the β-globin gene mutations. Risk analysis of mutation alleles in thalassemia cases identified four mutations (-α(3.7), -α(4.2), αα(Westmead) and αα(CS)) that were associated with α-thal intermedia, with an odds ratio (OR) of 62.41-32.68. Four high-risk mutations, namely, codon 26 (G>A), -28, codons 41/42 and codon 17, were associated with β-thal major (β-TM), with an OR of 3.93-2.20. The present study provides important genetic information on thalassemia in this population.