利用浸苗法将野生天麻总DNA导入马铃薯的研究

目的研究野生天麻总DNA对马铃薯的转化,分析马铃薯转化植株中野生天麻的药用成分天麻素。方法采用浸苗法将野生天麻总DNA导入马铃薯试管苗,通过紫外扫描法、PCR扩增筛选转化植株,对转化植株进行SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS—PAGE)蛋白分析,通过TLC法检测天麻素。结果(1)在200株转化的马铃薯中有21株的紫外扫描图谱与正常对照组有显著差异,且在220 nm有明显吸收峰。(2)5株经PCR扩增出野生天麻抗真菌蛋白(GAFP)基因。(3)转基因马铃薯与正常马铃薯的蛋白表达有明显差异,并且在转基因马铃薯中有一条与GAFP相同的条带。而正常马铃薯中无此条带。(4)通过薄层色谱法检测出3株转基因马铃薯表达野生天麻的有效药用成分天麻素。结论采用浸苗法进行外源总DNA导入是可行的。     

毛冬青的化学成分研究

毛冬青为冬青科植物毛冬青I lex pubescemHook.etA rm的干燥根,具有活血通脉、消肿止痛、清热解毒的功效,在临床上广泛用于治疗冠心病、心绞痛和脉管炎等疾病。为了寻找该植物中的活性成分,笔者对毛冬青进行了化学成分研究。从其70%乙醇提取物中分离得到7个化合物,经理化常数测定和波谱解析鉴定为丁香苷(Ⅰ)、sinap ic aldehyde4-O--βD-g lucopyranoside(Ⅱ)、liriodendrin(Ⅲ)、( )-环合橄榄树脂素(Ⅳ)、tortoside A(Ⅴ)、(-)-橄榄树脂素(Ⅵ)、对羟基苯乙醇(Ⅶ)。1药材、仪器与试剂熔点用XT4-100显微熔点仪测定;核磁共振谱用Inova-500…     

Dietary modulation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced adrenal toxicity in female Sprague-Dawley rats.

In this study, dietary modulation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced adrenal toxicity in rats was investigated. Beginning at postnatal day (PND) 21, female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either soy-containing NIH-31 diet or soy- and alfalfa-free 5K96 diet. On the first day of diestrus when the animals were PND 50 +/- 5, rats received either an oral dose of 80 mg/kg DMBA or sesame oil, the vehicle, and were sacrificed at 24, 36, or 48 h after treatment. Apoptosis was manifested at 24 and 36 h after DMBA treatment in the zona reticularis (ZR) and the zona fasciculata (ZF) of the adrenal cortex; this was followed by severe hemorrhagic necrosis at 48 h. DMBA-induced apoptosis, evaluated by the TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical analysis of activated caspase 3, and the ratio of expression of pro-apoptotic Bax to anti-apoptotic Bcl2, was greater in rats fed NIH-31 diet relative to rats fed 5K96 diet at 24 h after treatment. Four of six DMBA-treated rats fed 5K96 diet had severe adrenal necrosis by 48 h, whereas this lesion was present in only two of six DMBA-treated rats fed NIH-31 diet. DMBA also caused a significant decrease of serum corticosterone relative to controls at 48 h in rats fed 5K96 diet. The present study indicated that diet modulates DMBA-induced adrenal toxicity in female rats, with increased apoptosis early and reduced necrosis later in rats fed a soy-containing diet.     

Lithocholic acid decreases expression of UGT2B7 in Caco-2 cells: a potential role for a negative farnesoid X receptor response element.

Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7 is the major isoform catalyzing the glucuronidation of a variety of endogenous compounds including bile acids. To determine the role of bile acids in the regulation of UGT2B7 expression, Caco-2 cells were incubated with the natural human farnesoid X receptor (hFXR) ligand, chenodeoxycholic acid, as well as the secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid, derived from chenodeoxycholic acid. Incubation of Caco-2 cells with lithocholic acid in the absence of exogenous hFXR resulted in a dose-dependent down-regulation of UGT2B7 mRNA levels, with an IC(50) of 13 microM. Similar down-regulation was also observed with chenodeoxycholic acid; however, much higher concentrations were required. Transient transfection of Caco-2 cells with hFXR suppressed UGT2B7 mRNA expression both in the absence and presence of ligand. UGT2B7 promoter transfection experiments and deletion/mutation analysis showed that lithocholic acid-activated hFXR decreased UGT2B7 promoter activity via a negative hFXR response element (NFRE) located between nucleotides -148 and -134. Cotransfection with hFXR and/or human retinoid X receptor further enhanced the repression. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays additionally confirmed the role of NFRE in UGT2B7 down-regulation by lithocholic acid. These findings suggest that lithocholic acid, an activator of nuclear hFXR, acts as a negative regulator of UGT2B7 expression, indicating that hFXR may play an essential role in lithocholic acid homeostasis through negative regulation of this UGT that is involved in lithocholic acid biotransformation. Therefore, it is postulated that lithocholic acid toxicity may be due to down-regulation of genes involved in its detoxification, including UGT2B7, leading to limited excretion of lithocholic acid from the body.     

归芪胶囊对家兔心肌缺血-再灌注损伤血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢的影响

目的探讨归芪胶囊对家兔心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法以家兔血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、过氧化氢(H20 2)为指标进行实验观察.结果归芪胶囊对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤家兔血清中GSH-PX的升高与H202的降低有显著作用(P＜0.01).结论归芪胶囊通过对GSH-PX与H202含量的影响,对再灌注心肌损伤有保护作用.     

栀子对类风湿性关节炎大鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的影响

目的:研究中药栀子对类风湿性关节炎大鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的影响,进一步探讨该药物的作用机制.方法:建立Ⅱ型胶原蛋白诱导大鼠类风湿性关节炎模型;口服栀子浸膏,观察药物对实验性大鼠足肿胀的抑制作用;检测药物对大鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的影响.结果:与模型组比较,栀子浸膏可以剂量依赖性抑制大鼠足肿胀的程度(P＜0.01);用药后,给药组血清IL-1β和TNF-α水平明显低于模型组(P＜0.01).结论:栀子浸膏在类风湿性关节炎大鼠中可以下调致炎因子IL-1β和TNF-α的水平,提示这可能与该药抑制实验性类风湿性关节炎病情进展密切相关.     

金银花药材高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的:建立金银花药材HPLC指纹图谱.方法:用梯度洗脱法,对金银花药材进行HPLC测定,流动相为1%醋酸溶液-甲醇线性梯度洗脱,检测波长为254 nm.结果:运用梯度洗脱能很好分离金银花的各类成分;经方法学考察,HPLC指纹图谱具有良好的重现性:10批样品中11个特征指纹峰有专属性.结论:本研究建立的金银花药材HPLC指纹图谱分析法可用于金银花药材质量的综合评价.     

缺锌大鼠海马胆囊收缩素和一氧化氮合酶阳性细胞数目的变化

目的　观察缺锌对海马胆囊收缩素 (CCK)和一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)阳性细胞数的影响及其与动物行为变化的关系 ,研究缺锌对学习记忆影响的机制。方法　通过管饲低锌液体饲料复制缺锌大鼠模型。二周后 ,使用Y 迷宫实验检测动物学习记忆能力 ;采用ABC免疫组化法和NADPH d组化检测海马各区CCK和NOS阳性细胞数目。结果　与对照组相比 ,缺锌大鼠学习记忆能力明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ;缺锌大鼠血清锌水平明显降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但海马锌含量未见明显改变 ;缺锌大鼠海马CA1区和CA3区CCK和NOS阳性细胞数目均明显减少。结论　缺锌导致海马CA1和CA3区CCK和NOS阳性细胞数目减少可能是缺锌影响脑学习记忆功能的重要机制之一     

戊型肝炎病人IgG抗体持续时间观察

[目的 ]　了解本市戊型肝炎病人IgG抗体持续时间情况。　[方法 ]　选择 1992～ 2 0 0 2年本市经临床和血清确诊为戊型肝炎的 497例病人作为本次调查对象。采集调查对象血清用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测抗HEV -IgG。　 [结果 ]　调查对象抗HEVIgG总阳性率为 65 .4% ,当年发病者IgG抗体阳性率保持在较高水平 (达 88.9% ) ,随着发病年限的增长 ,发病者的抗HEVIgG基本保持在一个较稳定的水平 (约 60 %上下 ) ;发病者体内 10年后仍有抗HEVIgG(阳性率 3 3 .3 % )。　 [结论 ]　戊型肝炎病人发病后IgG抗体持续时间长短不一 ,一般可以维持较长时间     

1426例幽门螺杆菌抗体检测的临床价值探讨

目的:探讨I型和II型幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter Pylori,简称 HP)与小儿腹痛的关系.方法:对1426例腹痛患儿,用免疫印迹法进行分型检测.结果:检出HP阳性590例,占41.37%;其中I型HP感染342例,占57.97%;II型248例,占42.03%.结论:免疫印迹法分型检测HP对临床诊治具有重要的指导意义.