Isoflurane Preconditions Hippocampal Neurons against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation: Role of Intracellular Ca2+ and Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling

Background: Isoflurane preconditions neurons to improve tolerance of subsequent ischemia in both intact animal models and in in vitro preparations. The mechanisms for this protection remain largely undefined. Because isoflurane increases intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and Ca2+ is involved in many processes related to preconditioning, the authors hypothesized that isoflurane preconditions neurons via Ca2+-dependent processes involving the Ca2+- binding protein calmodulin and the mitogen-activated protein kinase-ERK pathway.

Methods: The authors used a preconditioning model in which organotypic cultures of rat hippocampus were exposed to 0.5-1.5% isoflurane for a 2-h period 24 h before an ischemia-like injury of oxygen-glucose deprivation. Survival of CA1, CA3, and dentate neurons was assessed 48 later, along with interval measurements of intracellular Ca2+ concentration (fura-2 fluorescence microscopy in CA1 neurons), mitogen-activated protein kinase p42/44, and the survival associated proteins Akt and GSK-3[beta] (in situ immunostaining and Western blots).

Results: Preconditioning with 0.5-1.5% isoflurane decreased neuron death in CA1 and CA3 regions of hippocampal slice cultures after oxygen-glucose deprivation. The preconditioning period was associated with an increase in basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration of 7-15%, which involved Ca2+ release from inositol triphosphate-sensitive stores in the endoplasmic reticulum, and transient phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase p42/44 and the survival-associated proteins Akt and GSK-3[beta]. Preconditioning protection was eliminated by the mitogen-activated extracellular kinase inhibitor U0126, which prevented phosphorylation of p44 during preconditioning, and by calmidazolium, which antagonizes the effects of Ca2+-bound calmodulin.     

海藻酸钠微球在部分性脾栓塞术中的应用评价

目的 评价海藻酸钠微球（KMG）行部分性脾栓塞术（PSE）治疗肝癌并脾功能亢进（脾亢）的疗效及并发症。资料与方法 58例肝癌并脾亢行PSE患者，依据PSE术所采用的栓塞材料不同分为2组：A组30例，栓塞材料为明胶海绵颗粒；B组28例，栓塞材料为KMG。随访观察两组外周血自细胞（WBC）、血小板（PLT）和红细胞（RBC）计数变化及术后反应。结果 两组患者术后1周、2周、1个月、6个月的WBC和PLT计数均较术前明显升高（P〈0．001）。虽然B组术后WBC和PLT计数较A组升高较多，但两组的疗效差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组术后RBC计数一直无明显变化（P〉0．05）。随着栓塞程度的增加，外周血WBC和PLT计数升高越明显，但是术后反应加重．并发症也随之增加。结论 KMG可作为PSE术的栓塞材料，将栓塞程度控制在50％～60％可有效治疗脾亢，减轻术后反应。     

高尿酸血症动物模型研究

近年来 ,随着高尿酸血症患病率不断上升 ,对高尿酸血症动物模型的研究也越来越多。从造模方法和实验动物的选择上对其进行了系统的综述 ,并且对其中存在的问题进行了阐释。     

Sweet综合征6例临床分析

[背景 ]探讨Sweet综合征的临床表现及病因 .[病例报告 ]对 1998年以来的 6例Sweet综合征进行临床分析 ,均有不同的免疫功能低下的诱因和特征性隆起性暗红色疼痛性斑块 ,其边缘有假性水疱 ,伴发热和白细胞增高 ,有血管炎的病理改变 .[讨论 ]Sweet综合征是有特征性皮肤损害的累及多系统的综合征     

Parkinson''''s Disease and Smoking: An Integral Part of PD''''s Etiological Study

INTRODUCTION Parkinson抯 disease (PD), a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, is featured with bradykinesia, resting, muscular rigidity, gait disturbances, and postural reflex impairment[1]. PD is rare before age of 50 years, but it increases dramatically with older ages, with peak onset occurring during the age of 70-85 years. In the United States, prevalence of PD in all age groups is approximately 150 per 100 000 and is roughly 30 per 100 000 at age of less than 50 years and 800 …     

盐酸纳络酮治疗急性重型颅脑外伤69例疗效观察

2004年5月～2006年12月，我们应用盐酸纳络酮治疗重型颅脑损伤142例，效果满意。现报告如下。     

产后催乳用以八珍加味汤疗效体会

当今时代随着人们生活水平的提高,独生子女又是一个家庭细胞的重要组成部分,独生子女出生后的健康与成长是父母非常关注的事情.而母乳喂养是最直接、最有效的方式.因为母乳含有极为丰富的营养物质、又易于吸收.     

精神病患者回归综合医院开放病房治疗可行性研究

目的探讨建立综合医院开放式心理病房治疗精神病患者的意义及可行性。方法对广东医学院附属医院心理病房采用开放式管理模式 ,并分析 12 0 0例住院患者的疗效。结果综合医院开放式心理病房管理模式具有患者生活自由、人际交往方便、可保持与外界社会的接触、治疗效果好、住院天数短、经济效益佳、精神症状更易控制等优点。结论综合医院建立开放式管理的心理病房有利于精神病患者的治疗 ,是现代精神病治疗发展的趋势。     

替硝唑壳聚糖口腔膜剂的研制与临床疗效

目的制备替硝唑壳聚糖口腔膜剂 ,并应用于临床。方法以壳聚糖、卡波普、羧甲基纤维素为成膜材料制备替硝唑壳聚糖口腔膜剂 ,建立质量标准 ,并对其进行疗效观察。结果该膜剂制备工艺简单 ,质量控制方法可靠 ,临床疗效确切 ,总有效率达 96 .5 %。结论此品可试用于临床     

垂直旋转不稳定型骨盆骨折的手术治疗探讨

目的：探讨垂直旋转不稳定型骨盆骨折前联合入路内固定的临床疗效。方法：旋转垂直不稳定型骨盆骨折34例，男23例，女11例；年龄13-56岁，平均36岁。按Young—Burgess分类：APCⅢ型损伤9例，LCⅢ型损伤14例，VS损伤11例。入院骨盆外支架固定、抗休克处理，全身情况稳定后，均通过前联合人路切开复位钢板内同定。结果：34例术后获随访，时间12-48个月，平均21个月，术口愈合良好，骨折均3—6个月愈合。按Majeed疗效评价标准：优21例，良10例，中3例。无畸形愈合，遗留跛行3例，腰骶痛4例，双小腿、足麻木3例。结论：前联合入路切开复位内固定治疗旋转垂直不稳定型骨盆骨折，矫正畸形，重建骨盆环稳定性，效果满意。