丽珠肠乐、参苓止泻汤合治婴幼儿腹泻

目的：探讨丽珠肠乐、参苓止泻汤治疗婴幼儿迁延性或慢性腹泻的疗效。方法：将62例患儿随机分为两组，均补液、维持水电解质及酸碱平衡。治疗组用丽珠肠乐、参苓止泻汤，对照组用蒙脱石。7d为1个疗程，观察两组疗效。结果：治疗组的显效率、有效率、总有效率明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：丽珠肠乐、参苓止泻汤合治婴幼儿迁延性或慢性腹泻疗效满意。     

Oxygen Reverses Deficits of Cognitive Function and Memory and Increased Heart Rate Induced by Acute Severe Isovolemic Anemia

Background: Erythrocytes are transfused to improve oxygen delivery and prevent or treat inadequate oxygenation of tissues. Acute isovolemic anemia subtly slows human data processing and degrades memory, increases heart rate, and decreases self-assessed energy level. Erythrocyte transfusion is efficacious in reversing these effects of acute anemia. We tested the hypothesis that increasing arterial oxygen pressure (Pao2) to 350 mmHg or greater would supply sufficient oxygen to be equivalent to augmenting hemoglobin concentration by 2-3 g/dl and thus reverse the effects of acute anemia.

Methods: Thirty-one healthy volunteers, aged 28 +/- 4 yr (mean +/- SD), were tested with verbal memory and standard, computerized neuropsychologic tests before and twice after acute isovolemic reduction of their hemoglobin concentration to 5.7 +/- 0.3 g/dl. Two sets of tests were performed in randomized order at the lower hemoglobin concentration: with the volunteer breathing room air or oxygen. The subject and those administering the tests and recording the results were unaware which gas was administered. As an additional control for duration of the experiment, 10 of these volunteers also completed the same tests on a separate day, without alteration of hemoglobin concentration, at times of the day similar to those on the experimental day. Heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and self-assessed sense of energy were recorded at the time of each test.

Results: Reaction time for digit-symbol substitution test increased, delayed memory was degraded, mean arterial pressure and energy level decreased, and heart rate increased at a hemoglobin concentration of 5.7 g/dl (all P < 0.05). Increasing Pao2 to 406 +/- 47 mmHg reversed the digit-symbol substitution test result and the delayed memory changes to values not different from those at the baseline hemoglobin concentration of 12.7 +/- 1.0 g/dl, and decreased heart rate (P < 0.05). However, mean arterial pressure and energy level changes were not altered with increased Pao2 during acute anemia.     

米索前列醇预防产后出血的临床观察

产后出血是造成产妇死亡的重要原因,是分娩期的严重并发症,因此预防产后出血至关重要。现将我院应用米索前列醇加强子宫收缩,预防产后出血的临床效果进行观察分析如下:     

缬沙坦治疗顽固性心力衰竭的疗效观察

顽固性心力衰竭（心衰）是临床上的难题，是指经过各种治疗措施均无明显改善的心衰。我们应用缬沙坦治疗19例顽固性心衰患，取得了预期的效果，报道如下。[第一段]     

医学微生物实验课的设计与管理

为了培养医学生解决实际问题的能力，训练学生树立创新的意识和严谨的科学作风以及团结协作的精神品德，本文提出了几条关于医学微生物实验课的设计原则，并且提出了几条医学微生物实验室的管理建议，以防止实验室微生物感染事件的发生。     

Dual Exposure to Sevoflurane Improves Anesthetic Preconditioning in Intact Hearts

Background: Anesthetic preconditioning (APC) with sevoflurane reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The authors tested whether two brief exposures to sevoflurane would lead to a better preconditioning state than would a single longer exposure and whether dual exposure to a lower (L) concentration of sevoflurane would achieve an outcome similar to that associated with a single exposure to a higher (H) concentration.

Methods: Langendorff-prepared guinea pig hearts were exposed to 0.4 mm sevoflurane once for 15 min (H1-15; n = 8) or 0.4 mm (H2-5; n = 8) or 0.2 mm sevoflurane (L2-5; n = 8) twice for 5 min, with a 5-min washout period interspersed. Sevoflurane was then washed out for 20 min before 30 min of global no-flow ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion. Control hearts (n = 8) were not subjected to APC. Left ventricular pressure was measured isovolumetrically. Ventricular infarct size was determined by tetrazolium staining and cumulative planimetry. Values are expressed as mean +/- SD.

Results: The authors found a better functional return and a lesser percentage of infarction on reperfusion in H2-5 (28 +/- 9%) than in H1-15 (36 +/- 8%; P < 0.05), L2-5 (43 +/- 6%; P < 0.05), or control hearts (52 +/- 7%; P < 0.05).     

Effect of water restrictions on the physiological parameters,psychological behavior and brain c-Fos expression in rat

1 Introduction Exposure to hostile stressors causes a series of coor- dinated responses in the body, such as alterations of neu- roendocrine secretion, immune reaction and behavioral manifestation to maintain homeostasis stability and sur-vival of the organisms. Stressors are divided into two main categories: physical, or systemic, and psychological, or emotional / processive. Each stressor might activate a spe- cific central pathway to induce a special neuroendocrine response, even cause stre…     

TIA对后继脑梗死神经保护作用的临床研究

目的探讨预先短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)是否对后继脑梗死具有神经保护作用。方法根据脑梗死患者是否预先发生同侧的TIA分为TIA组和无TIA组,分别从TIA持续时间、发作次数、与脑梗死间隔时间及梗死部位几方面同无TIA组比较,采用ADL评分标准,评定患者预后恢复情况。结果Ⅰ级预后预先有TIA的占72%,无TIA的占63%,二者相比差异无显著性(X~2=3．31,P＞0．05)。但脑梗死前有TIA且持续时间在5～20min、发作次数2～3次,与脑梗死间隔不超过1周者,其Ⅰ级预后较多,同无TIA组相比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05)。结论脑梗死前发生的TIA有可能对人脑产生缺血耐受作用。TIA的神经保护性与其发作持续时间、发作次数及与脑梗死间隔时间有一定关系。