IGF-II受体基因在IM-9细胞株的表达与调节

利用从人B细胞来源的IM-9淋巴母细胞株为体外模型,通过细胞培养、溶液杂交等方法,研究观察了IGF-Ⅱ受体mRNA水平与细胞增殖的关系,以及GH、IGF-Ⅰ、IL-Ⅰ对其的影响与调节。结果发现,IGF-Ⅱ受体mRNA转录水平与细胞增殖状态有关;GH、IGF-Ⅰ和IL-Ⅰ均能在细胞增殖的一定阶段对IGF-Ⅱ受体基因表达水平产生调节。     

Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV: Compliance with the Recommendations of the Brazilian National STD/AIDS Control Program for Prenatal and Perinatal HIV Testing in Porto Alegre, Brazil

In order to benefit from antiretroviral therapy, pregnant women infected with HIV must be tested and diagnosed. Not infrequently, however, women present in labor without prior prenatal care and are thus unable to benefit fully from HIV testing and, if infected, antiretroviral therapy. In this study we evaluated the need for rapid perinatal HIV testing for untested mothers presenting in labor in a public maternal–child hospital that provides care for metropolitan Porto Alegre, Brazil, and potentially modifiable risk factors for noncompliance with national recommendations. We surveyed a consecutive sample of women who gave birth at Hospital Materno–Infantil Presidente Vargas (Presidente Vargas Mother-and-child Hospital) in August–October 2001and administered a structured questionnaire to consenting participants. The questionnaire consisted of demographic data, information on health-seeking behavior, knowledge of HIV infection, and testing during pregnancy. We confirmed information on HIV testing, syphilis, and hepatitis B by examination of the patient's prenatal records. We also obtained data regarding laboratory testing and treatment during labor and delivery (e.g., HIV testing, antiretroviral treatment, and suppression of lactation) from hospital inpatient charts. Of 214 eligible participants, 209 (98%) agreed to participate in the study. Overall 173 (83%) of the 209 participants had had a previous HIV test and 36 (17%) had not. Women with fewer pregnancies were more likely to have been tested (p = .017), as were women with lower family incomes (p = .007). No women had received rapid tests in the delivery room. Of the 209 participants, 201 (96%) had had at least one prenatal visit and 169 (81%) had had three or more visits; 12 (6%) of these reported that they had not been offered an HIV test, 5 (2%) did not know if testing had been offered or not, and 191 (95%) reported that they had been offered a test. We were able to obtain prenatal records for 190 (95%) of the 201participants who had received prenatal care. HIV testing was not mentioned in 9% of charts. Results of syphilis tests were recorded on prenatal records or hospital charts for 167 (80%)participants, and results of hepatitis B surface antigen were found for 93 (45%). Women who to 30pchad had three or more prenatal visits were significantly more likely to have been tested for to 30pcHIV (OR 46.96, 95% CI, 15.92–144.85, .0001), syphilis (OR 31.64, 95% CI, 11.81–87.42, p < .0001) or HBsAg (OR, 4.88, 95% CI, 1.91–12.99, p < .0001) than women who had had two prenatal visits or fewer. Our study showed shown that in 12% of the pregnancies included in our sample national recommendations for prenatal or perinatal testing were not followed, and in an additional 5%, HIV testing, though offered, was not obtained. These women could potentially have benefited from rapid HIV testing. As knowledge of HIV and risk factors for transmission were almost universal in our sample, we believe that the passive health-seeking behavior we observed may offer an opportunity for targeting new efforts to promote the importance of prenatal care and prenatal diagnosis of HIV.     

Trends in prevalence and characteristics of post-neonatal cerebral palsy cases: A European registry-based study

The present paper aims to analyze trends over time in prevalence of cerebral palsy of post-neonatal origin, to investigate whether changes are similar according to severity and to describe the disability profile by etiology. Post-neonatal cases, birth years 1976 to 1998, were identified from the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe collaboration (19 population-based registries). A recognized causal event occurring between 28 days and 24 months of age was considered to define the cases. Trends in prevalence were explored using graphical methods (Lowess and Cusum control chart) and modeled with negative binomial regressions. Over the study period, 404 cases were identified as post-neonatal cases (5.5% of the total). Mean prevalence rate was 1.20 per 10,000 live births (95% CI [1.08–1.31]). A significant downward trend was observed (p = 0.001), with an accentuated decrease in the 1990s. The prevalence of severe cases which account for around one third of the total also significantly decreased over time (p < 0.001). In 46% of cases, an infectious aetiology was reported; the corresponding prevalence significantly decreased since 1989. No significant decrease was observed for the rate of cases due to a vascular episode or of traumatic origin. Our results emphasize the need of large population-based surveillance systems to reliably monitor trends in prevalence in rare subgroups of children like those with acquired cerebral palsy. The decrease of the overall prevalence as well as those of the most severe cases may be partly due to public health actions targeted to prevent such events.     

全身MRA

目前血管性疾病对人类健康构成了极大的威胁,在发达国家动脉粥样硬化的发病率及死亡率占第一位,并呈逐渐增长趋势。无论是保守药物治疗、导管介入还是外科     

Purinergic drugs and calcium channel antagonists attenuate the withdrawal syndrome from barbital

The effects of some adenosine agonists and calcium channel antagonists on the induction of tolerance to and dependence on barbital in mice have been studied. The concurrent administration of barbital and one of the following adenosine agonists, D- or L-phenylisopropyl adenosine, cyclopentyl adenosine and chloroadenosine, or the adenosine antagonists theophylline or 8-phenyltheophylline did not change the intensities of tolerance to and dependence on the barbiturate. N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine administered during the period of chronic administration of barbital significantly reduced the withdrawal syndrome. The administration of the calcium channel antagonists diltiazem, verapamil or nifedipine was also ineffective in altering the processes of tolerance and physical dependence when given concomitantly with barbital. Abstinence behavior was significantly reduced when mice were treated during the first 48 h of withdrawal from the barbiturate with either L-phenylisopropyl adenosine, N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine, nifedipine or verapamil. These results are discussed in relation to the attenuation of tolerance to and dependence on benzodiazepines induced by similar treatments.     

Effect of HDL and apo AI on PGE_2 Production by Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Today,coronary artery disease( CAD) is oneof leading causes of death not only in the Westernworld,but also in Asian area including China[1,2 ] .Many studies showed that both high densitylipoprotein ( HDL) and its major protein compo-nent apolipoprotein AI( apo AI) are factors thathelp prevent CAD.It is widely believed their pri-mary function is to remove excess cholesterol fromextrahepatic tissue to liver for catabolism,a pro-cess referred to as reverse cholesterol transport,RCT[3 ] . …     

婴儿广泛性动脉钙化症：存活期延长的两兄妹

在婴儿广泛性动脉钙化症患儿,其动脉中膜的钙化和内膜的增生导致了动脉钙化。绝大多数患儿表现为难以控制的高血压并在出生后1月内死亡。最近有报道表明该病与ENPP1基因的突变相关。本研究中这2例存活期延长的兄妹患儿均具有复合性杂合子ENPP1突变C.913C>A和c.1164 2T>A。这2例