Immunopathology of the lens. II. 86Rb efflux and protein leakage from normal lenses exposed to antilens and antiuveoretina antibodies

Normal rabbit lenses exposed in vitro to heterologous antilens and antiuveoretina antibodies lose control of the intracellular 86Rb and this effect is followed by a late leakage of lenticular proteins; both phenomena take place only in the presence of complement. This antibody-induced complement-dependent membrane damage might be involved in the pathogenesis of complicated cataracts in uveitis and in the self-maintenance of recurrent uveal inflammations.     

P16和视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白在高砷煤引起的砷中毒患者皮损中的表达

目的 研究P16和视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(Rb)在高砷煤引起的砷中毒患者皮损中的表达.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测46例高砷煤引起的砷中毒患者皮损中P16和Rb蛋白的表达.结果 高砷煤引起的砷中毒患者皮损中P16蛋白的表达缺损率为59.7%,其表达随病损的加剧而减低,并与临床分级和病理分型明显相关(P<0.01).Rb蛋白的阳性表达率为60.9%,与临床分级相关(P<0.05).P16蛋白的阳性表达与Rb蛋白呈负相关(P<0.01).结论 P16蛋白表达降低和P16-Rb通路的失活可能与高砷煤引起的砷中毒患者皮损的发生密切相关.     

后腹腔镜肾输尿管全切加腹膜后肾周区域淋巴结清扫与开放手术治疗UUT-TCC疗效比较

目的:探讨后腹腔镜技术与开放手术治疗上尿路移行细胞癌(upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma,UUT-TCC)的效果及优势。方法:回顾性分析2009年11月~2012年12月间,我院采用后腹腔镜下肾输尿管根治性切除术加腹膜后肾周区域淋巴结清扫术治疗肾盂输尿管癌患者23例(腹腔镜组),并与同期14例行传统开放性肾输尿管切除术患者(开放术组)的手术时间、出血量、肿瘤学预后等指标进行比较。结果:腹腔镜组患者经术后病理检查,肾盂癌24例,输尿管癌10例,输尿管癌伴膀胱癌3例,其中腹腔镜组和开放组淋巴结转移各1例。同时研究发现:①腹腔镜组与开放术组比较,手术时间缩短,出血量明显减少,术后肠胃功能恢复快,术后住院时间短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);②两种术式肿瘤学预后在远处转移方面,腹腔镜组更少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:后腹腔镜下肾输尿管全长切除加经尿道膀胱袖状切除并腹膜后肾周区域淋巴结清扫治疗UUT-TCC具有创伤小、痛苦少、术后恢复快等优点,可能有更好的肿瘤学预后。     

Pathomechanism and Management of Stroke in COVID-19: Review of Immunopathogenesis,Coagulopathy, Endothelial Dysfunction,and Downregulation of ACE2

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can reportedly manifest as an acute stroke, with most cases presenting as large vessel ischemic stroke in patients with or without comorbidities. The exact pathomechanism of stroke in COVID-19 remains ambiguous. The findings of previous studies indicate that the most likely underlying mechanisms are cerebrovascular pathological conditions following viral infection, inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulability. Acute endothelial damage due to inflammation triggers a coagulation cascade, thrombosis propagation, and destabilization of atherosclerosis plaques, leading to large-vessel occlusion and plaque ulceration with concomitant thromboemboli, and manifests as ischemic stroke. Another possible mechanism is the downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as the target action of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Acute stroke management protocols need to be modified during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to adequately manage stroke patients with COVID-19.     

荔湾区2010～2013年艾滋病自愿咨询检测结果及影响因素分析

目的探讨艾滋病自愿咨询人群血清学检测结果及其影响因素,为荔湾区今后更好的开展VCT服务提供依据。方法以2010~2013年在荔湾区各VCT门诊接受VCT服务并登记上报的求询者作为研究对象,按照《全国艾滋病检测技术规范(2009)》要求开展HIV抗体初筛检测,阳性标本合做梅毒、丙肝、乙肝检测。采用非条件Logistic回归分析影响艾滋病自愿咨询人群艾滋病感染的相关因素。结果共调查艾滋病自愿咨询检测者6 423人,其中男性2 787人,占43.4%,女性3 636人,占56.6%;年龄集中在(32.4±10.8)岁。HIV抗体阳性98例,占1.5%,其中1例同时呈HIV、梅毒、丙肝、乙肝阳性,合并四重感染率为1%;HIV、丙肝合并感染者有42例,双重感染率为42.9%;HIV、梅毒合并感染有20例,双重感染率为20.4%;HIV、乙肝合并感染有8例,双重感染率为8.16%。经Logistic回归分析显示:对艾滋病自愿咨询检测人群艾滋病感染的影响因素是年龄、职业和人群特征。年龄段在21~60岁,吸毒者、同性恋、阳性配偶者为艾滋病感染的风险人群。结论政府组织与各部门共同担责,改进并完善自愿咨询检测服务,加强对艾滋病感染风险人群检测,向"零"艾滋迈进。     

经皮腔内顺行球囊扩张结合内切开术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻

目的观察经皮腔内顺行球囊扩张结合内切开术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻(UPJO)的疗效。方法回顾分析2010年3月至2012年9月我院采用经皮腔内顺行球囊扩张结合内切开术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻23例患者的病例资料并行随访。结果患者23例,男性14例,女性9例;年龄21~71岁,平均(39±10.5)岁;左侧10例,右侧13例;原发性UPJO 18例(合并肾结石12例),经皮肾镜碎石术后2例,肾盂输尿管连接部结石开放取石术后1例,开放肾盂成形术后1例,腹腔镜肾盂成形术后1例,狭窄段长度均不超过2cm。所有患者均手术成功,围手术期无严重并发症发生。17例患者纳入随访,其中原发性UPJO患者12例,经皮肾穿刺取石术(PCN)术后患者2例,开放输尿管切开取石术后1例,腹腔镜下肾盂成形术后1例,开放肾盂成形术后1例,术后随访7~31月,未见复发。结论经皮腔内顺行球囊扩张结合内切开术是治疗UPJO安全、有效的手术方式,具有微创、患者耐受度好、术后恢复快的特点,可有选择性地作为治疗UPJO的初始治疗手段。