性激素对心钠素基因表达影响的实验研究

为研究雄激素和雌激素对心钠素基因表达的影响,给完整的、去势的雄性大鼠皮下注射丙酸睾丸酮或雌二醇,持续2周。用冷酚法提取心房总RNA,用α-~(32)P标记ANF—cD-NA探针,经RNA电泳转移杂交和斑点吸印杂交。结果表明去势后ANF—mRNA含量下降,睾丸酮和雌二醇均使ANF—mRNA增加,然而小剂量的睾丸酮、雌二醇对去势大鼠ANF基因表达作用还需进一步研究。     

Preparation and evaluation of lectin-conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for oral delivery of thymopentin.

The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate lectin-conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for oral delivery of thymopentin. Thymopentin loaded PLGA nanoparticles (TP5-NPs) were prepared by a double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. Novel WGA-PLGA conjugates were synthesized by coupling the amino groups of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to the carbodiimide-activated carboxylic groups of PLGA, and were incorporated into nanoparticles preparation to take mucoadhesive properties. Important characteristics such as particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, storage stability, as well as in vitro drug release behavior were investigated. The retention of biorecognitive activity of WGA after covalent coupling was confirmed by haemagglutination test. In vitro experiments with pig mucin (PM) demonstrated that the conjugation of WGA enhanced the interaction about 1.8-4.2 fold compared with that of the non-conjugated nanoparticles, and still exhibited sugar specificity. The pharmacodynamical studies on oral administration of WGA-TP5-NPs were performed in FACScan flow cytometry. The values of CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios were significantly increased compared with that of TP5-NPs (p<0.01). The enhanced uptake was related to the increasing of WGA content on nanoparticles. These results confirmed that the conjugation of WGA onto PLGA nanoparticles effectively improved the intestinal absorption of TP5 due to specific bioadhesion on GI cell membrane.     

鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤83例报告

目的 :评价鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤的治疗方法及其效果。方法 :83例原发于鼻腔、上颌窦、筛窦、蝶窦及额窦的恶性肿瘤 ,分别施行上颌骨次全与全切除术 ,前额开窗 -鼻锥翻转进路额筛蝶眶肿瘤大块切除及颅面联合切除术 ,部分病例实施冷冻切除 ,颌颈联合根治等手术 ,术后常规放疗。结果 :3年生存率为 4 7.5 %(36 76 ) ,5年生存率为 36 .2 %(2 5 6 9)。结论 :鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤通过手术及采用术后放疗等综合治疗 ,可提高疗效 ,但仍需进一步改进治疗方法 ,以提高患者生存率。     

支气管结核在纤维支气管镜下治疗方法的探讨

目的 :探讨支气管结核在纤维支气管镜下治疗的方法及价值。方法 :对 2 5例支气管结核病人 ,在全身抗结核治疗的同时分别实施镜下注药治疗、微波接触式辐射治疗和球囊扩张术 局部注药治疗。结果 :在全身抗结核治疗的同时运用上述几种镜下治疗方法 ,支气管局部病灶较镜下治疗前均有明显好转。结论 :利用纤维支气管镜对支气管结核病人进行局部治疗 ,可加快病灶的吸收和症状的改善 ,值得推广应用     

使用皮下埋藏灌注器治疗肝癌导管并发症分析

目的 研究皮下埋藏灌注器治疗肝癌导管所致的并发症。方法 收集我院1990～2004年用该方法治疗肝癌患者共313例，其中肝动脉栓塞化疗234例，门静脉化疗33例，肝动脉栓塞化疗加门静脉化疗40例，腹腔置管化疗6例。结果 发生导管并发症共43例，发生率为13．7％，其中导管堵塞16例，导管移动、松脱7例，肝动脉胆管漏8例，灌注器皮下感染，皮瓣坏死12例，肝动脉插管与门静脉插管导管并发症的比率为2．6：1。结论 采用皮下埋藏灌注器治疗由肝癌导管所致的并发症，为数不少，应引起重视。     

用Alabama分析法比较安氏Ⅰ类错中国人与美国白人颅颌面结构差异

目的:研究中国安氏Ⅰ类错成人与美国安氏Ⅰ类错白人牙颌颅面形态结构的差异。方法:从西安市11所大学2098名新生中选取符合标准的101名(男53名、女48名)安氏Ⅰ类错样本。拍摄头颅定位X线片,用第四军医大学口腔医学院头影测量软件测量,用Alabama分析法与美国安氏Ⅰ类错白人颅颌面测量结果进行比较分析。结果:中国西安地区安氏Ⅰ类错成人上下颌突度大,面型较突;平面倾斜度、上下中切牙倾斜度及下中切牙至NB线距均较大;Y轴相对SN平面夹角增大,生长方向为后下。结论:与美国安氏Ⅰ类错白人比较,中国西安地区安氏Ⅰ类错成人颅面结构呈现颌骨突度大、下切牙唇倾及下颌趋向后下等特征。     

心脏跳动下修补小儿室间隔缺损的临床研究

目的　探讨在浅低温体外循环心脏跳动下完成小儿室间隔缺损修补术的可行性。方法　 18例小儿室间隔缺损随机分为观察组和对照组 ,观察组在浅低温体外循环心跳下修补室间隔缺损 ,对照组为常规心脏停跳下修补室间缺损。测定心肌同功酶释放和三磷酸腺苷 ,观察左室压力 ,评价术野显露及气栓预防效果等。结果　观察组心肌同功酶释放明显低于对照组 ,三磷酸腺苷含量明显高于对照组 ,心肌超微结构基本正常 ,术中左室压力低于主动脉压力 ,术后无气栓发生。结论　浅低温体外循环心脏跳动下行小儿室间隔缺损修补术能更好地保护心肌。术野显露技术和防气栓的方法简便可行。     

Interleukin-18 Affects Local Cytokine Expression But Does Not Impact on the Development of Kidney Allograft Rejection

Interleukin-18 is predominantly a macrophage-derived cytokine with a key role in inflammation and cell-mediated immunity. Having previously demonstrated IL-18 upregulation in a rat model of kidney rejection, here we examined IL-18 in a fully MHC-mismatched murine model of acute kidney rejection using IL-18-deficient recipients (IL-18-/-) and animals administered neutralizing IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP). Gene expression of IL-18 and its receptor were significantly upregulated in allografts compared to isografts, as was the cellular infiltrate (T cells and macrophages) (p < 0.001). Allografts developed kidney dysfunction (p < 0.05) and tubulitis (p < 0.01) not observed in controls. There was a significant reduction in gene expression of IL-18 downstream pro-inflammatory molecules (iNOS, TNFalpha and IFNgamma) in IL-18-/- recipients (p < 0.01), and IL-18BP-treated animals. The CD4+ infiltrate and IL-4 mRNA expression was greater in the IL-18-/- recipients than wild-type (WT) allografts and IL-18BP-treated animals (p < 0.05), suggesting a Th2-bias which was supported by IFNgamma and IL-4 ELISPOT data and an increased eosinophil accumulation (p < 0.001). Neither IL-18 deficiency nor neutralization prevented renal dysfunction or tubulitis. This study demonstrates increased production of IL-18 in murine kidney allograft rejection and provides evidence that IL-18-induced pathways of inflammation are active. However, neither IL-18 deficiency nor neutralization was protective against the development of allograft rejection.     

锥颅治疗慢性硬膜下血肿47例分析

目的探讨锥颅治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效。方法对47例慢性硬膜下血肿患者均根据颅脑CT定位,采用经头皮直接锥颅置管冲洗引流术治疗。结果47例病人中,意识障碍、偏瘫均在1~2 d内明显好转,2周后患者生活基本能自理,记忆力恢复正常,术后全部痊愈出院,随访半年无一例复发。结论经头皮行锥颅慢性硬膜下血肿冲洗引流术操作简单、手术时间短、创伤小、并发症少、疗效高。     

原发性脾脏恶性淋巴瘤21例的临床分析

目的 研究原发性脾脏恶性淋巴瘤（SPL）的临床和病理特征与治疗方法。方法 对1975-2000年收治的21例原发性脾脏恶性淋巴瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 21例均行手术治疗，14例行COP或CHOP方案化疗，7例未行化疗，术后5年生存率分别为35．7％和28．6％。21例均为术后病理确诊，其中B细胞源性20例，T细胞源性1例。按Ahman脾恶性淋巴瘤临床分期，Ⅰ期9例，Ⅱ期7例，Ⅲ期5例，5年生存率分别为55．6％、42．9％、20％。结论 原发性脾脏恶性淋巴瘤的诊断主要依靠B超和CT，病期的早晚影响其预后，手术治疗联合化疗是本病的主要治疗方法。