Utility of the 3‐Vessel and 3‐Vessel and Trachea Views in Prenatal Diagnosis of a Pulmonary Artery Sling

A pulmonary artery (PA) sling is a very rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly, and only a few studies have reported PA slings in fetuses. The relationship of the PA, aorta, ductus arteriosus, and trachea can be evaluated in the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views during fetal echocardiography. A PA sling can be detected by abnormal positioning of the left PA in relation to the trachea when sweeping from the 3‐vessel view cranially to the 3‐vessel and trachea view. Here we report 3 cases of fetal PA slings and their follow‐ups. Two cases were confirmed by postnatal echocardiography, and the other case was confirmed by a cardiovascular cast after pregnancy termination. We emphasize that the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views are of crucial importance in the prenatal diagnosis of a PA sling.     

A Well-Balanced Positivity-Preserving Quasi-Lagrange Moving Mesh DG Method for the Shallow Water Equations

A high-order, well-balanced, positivity-preserving quasi-Lagrange moving mesh DG method is presented for the shallow water equations with non-flat bottom topography. The well-balance property is crucial to the ability of a scheme to simulate perturbation waves over the lake-at-rest steady state such as waves on a lake or tsunami waves in the deep ocean. The method combines a quasi-Lagrange moving mesh DG method, a hydrostatic reconstruction technique, and a change of unknown variables. The strategies in the use of slope limiting, positivity-preservation limiting, and change of variables to ensure the well-balance and positivity-preserving properties are discussed. Compared to rezoning-type methods, the current method treats mesh movement continuously in time and has the advantages that it does not need to interpolate flow variables from the old mesh to the new one and places no constraint for the choice of a update scheme for the bottom topography on the new mesh. A selection of one- and two-dimensional examples are presented to demonstrate the well-balance property, positivity preservation, and high-order accuracy of the method and its ability to adapt the mesh according to features in the flow and bottom topography.     

中药复方配伍的研究方法及其进展

中药复方是由2味或2味以上中药遵循中医理论组合而成的方剂。多味中药在合适的剂量配比之下,协同发挥作用,实现中医的整体调节治疗。研究中药复方的配伍对推动中药现代化发展、新药开发以及临床应用有着重要意义。近年来,研究者们在传统的"七情和合"与"君臣佐使"的基础上,运用新技术和新方法对中药复方的成分、药效活性和药代动力学性质等进行了研究,从不同角度探讨了中药复方配伍的科学内涵。同时,多种数理方法和模型的建立、网络药理学和数据挖掘方法的发展与应用,也对中药复方配伍研究提供了很大帮助。研究方法的发展虽促进了中药复方配伍的科学研究,但还需进一步建立适合中药复方配伍复杂关系的研究方法,以阐明中药复方及其成分/组分配伍的内在规律,进而构建新的现代中药复方,这也是目前中药复方配伍研究的重点任务。     

基于专业能力进阶制度的护理人员优化层级管理模式初探

目的　探讨分析基于护理专业能力进阶制度的优化层级管理模式在临床的应用效果。方法　选择重庆市大足区二级及以上5家医院共500名护士作为研究对象，随机分为干预组和对照组，每组护士各250名，对照组护士采用传统管理模式，干预组护士采用基于专业能力进阶制度护理人员优化层级管理模式，比较分析两组护士护理能力、临床工作质量和不良事件发生率。采用SPSS 23.0进行卡方检验和t检验。结果　两组护士年龄、性别、婚姻、职称、工作年限等差异没有统计学意义（P>0.05），基线资料保持一致，具有可比性。进行优化层级管理后，干预组护士护理能力得分（82.30±3.83）明显高于对照组（72.78±5.33）；干预组护士护理工作质量得分（97.53±9.71）明显高于对照组（90.17±8.18）。对两组医院不良事件发生率进行组间比较，干预组不良事件发生率（0.9%）明显低于对照组（3.9%），差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　基于专业能力进阶制度的护理人员优化层级管理模式能够提升护理人员的专业能力和临床护理质量，降低不良事件发生率，为提升护理管理水平提供借鉴和参考。     

3D打印制备不同重量比例的n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜性能比较

目的:通过3D打印的方法制备的不同重量比例的纳米羟基磷灰石/聚乳酸/聚乙烯醇(n-HA/PLA/PVA)复合膜,并对其相关性能检测。方法:采用3D打印技术制备不同重量比例的n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜,分别为PLA/PVA复合膜、15%n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜、50%n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜、75%n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜。扫描电镜下观察各组膜形态,对其力学性能、细胞毒性及动物实验相应指标进行检测。结果:扫描电镜下观察,n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜呈现三维网状结构,各材料间相互结合,孔隙分布不均,大小不一。随着n-HA质量浓度的提高,电镜下见各材料间孔隙逐渐减小,形成结构均匀的复合膜。力学性能及吸水率检测中,随着nHA含量的增加,n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜的拉伸强度及吸水率呈下降趋势;细胞毒性检测,不同比例复合膜的细胞增殖率无明显差别,无细胞毒性。动物实验测量牙周菌斑指数及龈沟出血指数未发现不同比例n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜有统计学差异。结论:3D打印不同比例的n-HA/PLA/PVA复合膜具有良好的物理性能和细胞生物相容性,n-HA比例更高的复合膜可能具有更好的物理性能及良好的生物相容性。     

常规器械经脐单孔腹腔镜手术在妇科良性疾病中的临床应用

目的:探讨经脐单孔腹腔镜手术(LESS)在妇科良性疾病中的临床价值。方法:选择2018年1月-2019年4月在我院妇科行经脐单孔腹腔镜手术的68例患者为研究组,同期同病种行传统多孔腹腔镜手术的70例患者为对照组,比较2组的术中出血量、术后最高体温、术后肛门排气时间、术后下床活动时间、术后住院时间、术后24 h疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、体象量表BIS评分和切口美观满意度CS评分、手术时间及围手术期并发症的指标。结果:2组患者手术均顺利完成,术中不需要辅助操作,未中转开腹。术中、术后均未出现严重的手术并发症。2组患者在术中出血量、术后最高体温、术后排气时间、术后下床活动时间、术后住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术时间、术后24 h VAS评分、体象量表BIS评分和切口美观满意度CS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:常规器械经脐单孔腹腔镜不需要特殊的器械和设备,符合卫生经济学特点;具有良好的美容效果,以及标本取出方便的优势,LESS应用于妇科良性疾病是安全可行的。     

Risk factors associated with postoperative prosthetic graft patency in Leriche syndrome

Background

In Leriche syndrome, postoperative graft thrombosis remains one of the most significant clinical challenges.