国产4环／7层PET仪初试

对我国１９９６年研制成功的４环／７层ＰＥＴ仪（轴向视野８ｃｍ）进行试用。先进行模型试验和动物实验，然后对１例正常志愿者和７例患者进行１８Ｆ脱氧葡萄糖（ＦＤＧ）ＰＥＴ显像。静脉注射１８ＦＦＤＧ３７０ＭＢｑ后约１５小时显像，成人全身显像行１１个床位采集，约１５小时，心脑局部显像行２～３个床位采集，约半小时。直径１～３ｃｍ的阴模和阳模皆可显示。８例全身冠状和矢状断层影像清晰，正常志愿者（正常进食）可见脑和心肌显影，膀胱内放射性较多。２例恶性肿瘤患者的６处病变浓聚１８ＦＦＤＧ。２例恶性肿瘤患者手术和化疗后无复发征，显像阴性。２例良性病变处未见１８ＦＦＤＧ浓集。１例陈旧性心肌梗塞患者１８ＦＦＤＧ心肌断层显像与９９ｍＴｃ甲氧基异丁基异腈心肌血流灌注显像匹配良好。正常心肌显影与否受葡萄糖负荷的影响。８例脑皮质横断影像良好，基底节和丘脑影像有时尚欠清晰。初试结果表明，该ＰＥＴ仪相当于至今尚在国外广泛使用的８０年代中期４环／７层ＰＥＴ仪水平，但具有９０年代ＰＥＴ仪全身整体冠状和矢状断层显像的功能，可用于全身肿瘤显像、心肌活性判断和功能性癫痫灶术前定位，但仪器操作性能和软件功能尚需进一步完善。     

3,5-diBr-PADAP直接光度法测定血清锌

目的　建立一种不去除血清蛋白、简便灵敏的直接光度法测定血清锌。方法　以新的有机试剂2 -(3 ,5 二溴 -2 -吡啶偶氮 ) -5 -二乙氨基酚 (3 ,5 diBr -PADAP)为显色剂 ,在有表面活性剂存在的Tris-HC1介质中 ,手工分析法和自动分析法测定血清锌。结果　该法线性范围 0～ 80 μmol/L ,手工分析法和自动分析法平均回收率为 99 9%和 10 0 2 % ,批内变异系数 (CV)和批间变异系数分别为 0 0 18、 0 0 17和 0 0 2 8、0 0 2 6,与原子吸收分光光度法比较具有良好的相关性 ,线性回归方程和相关系数分别为Y =1 0 0 4X -0 12 6,r=0 9912和Y =1 0 0 6X -0 195 ,r =0 0 992 8。 89例健康人血清锌含量分别为 8 96～ 2 2 5 2 μmol/L和 8 63～2 2 43 μmol/L (x± 2s)。结论　用 3 ,5 diBr-PADAP直接光度法测定血清锌方法简便、灵敏可靠 ,适合临床应用。     

2-甲基-7-亚甲基-1,4,6-三氧螺[4,4]壬烷与丙烯腈、丙烯酸甲酯的共聚合反应及竞聚率的测定

用高效液相色谱跟踪2-甲基-7-亚甲基-1,4,6-三氧螺[4,4]壬烷(MMTN)与丙烯腈(AN),丙烯酸甲酯(MA)的共聚合反应。根据Lowry-Meyer共聚积分方程式,采用插值法进行数据拟合测定单体的竞聚率。对于体系MMTN(M_1)-AN(M_2),r_1=0.048;r_2=0.213;MMTN(M_1)-MA(M_2)r_1=0.025,r_2=0.764。说明两组共聚体系均有较强的交替共聚趋势。     

慢性肺心病并发多器官衰竭（附70例报告）

１９８６～１９９２年我院共收治急性发作期慢性肺心病１９６例，其中因严重肺部感染发生多器官衰竭（ＭＯＦ）者７０例（３５．７％），平均受损脏器２．５个，死亡２６例，总病死率为３７．１％。其中２和３个脏器受损者的病死率分别为２０．１％和４４．４％，而４和５个脏器受损者则均死亡。血气分析显示ｐＨ和ＰａＯ２值与受损脏器数目呈负相关，而ＰａＣＯ２值与受损脏器数目呈正相关。本文讨论了肺心病因肺部感染并发ＭＯＦ的发病机理，并提出防治的措施。     

党参总碱对东莨菪碱引起小鼠记忆障碍和脑内乙酰胆碱及胆碱乙酰化酶的作用

用跳台法观察到党参总碱(DSA)能改善东莨菪碱(Scop)引起的记忆障碍,并能对抗Scop所致小鼠脑内乙酰胆碱(ACh)浓度下降及胆碱乙酰化酶(ChAT)活性的降低。体外实验发现当在反应液中加入DSA后,ChAT生成ACh的量增加。     

加强爱婴医院文化建设 促进母乳喂养

爱婴医院的文化氛围与爱婴医院的建立和发展密切相关。为搞好爱婴医院文化建设与管理,促进母乳喂养,本文对近几年发展起来的爱婴医院文化的构成、功能、特征和今后发展的标准进行了讨论。     

颞叶癫痫的MRI与临床分析

目的：探讨颞叶癫痫的MRI表现、临床特征及治疗。方法：利用MRI辅以EEG诊断并定位32例颞叶癫痫（TLE），抗癫痫药(AED)正规治疗2年控制不良并外科手术治疗。结果：32例TLE患全部海马萎缩，2例双侧；高信号26例。诊断海马硬化26例。24例手术病理结果证实与MRI结果相符。手术后加药物治疗，效果满意15例，显7例，良好2例。结论：海马萎缩与信号增高是硬化常见MRI表现，有诊断价值。MRI有助于TLE定位诊断。手术加药物是治疗顽固性TLE之重要方法。     

Coronary permeability and left ventricular function following thrombolytic therapy

We study 40 patients, 55 +/- 7 years old with acute myocardial infarction treated early by thrombolytic therapy (20 STK and 20 rt-PA). All patients were angiographically studied in the following conditions: 1) baseline, before initiating therapy. 2) Three hours after treatment. 3) Twenty four hours later. 4) Before discharge. The infarct related artery was patent 24 hours after treatment in 31 patients (78%); five of them were patent before treatment, and we observed an early reperfusion in 20 patients (57%) and late reperfusion in 6 patients (17%). The number of patients with angiographic evidence of intraluminal thrombus decreased progressively through conditions while the grade TIMI of coronary perfusion increased in the absence of reocclusion. Final regional wall motion of infarct related myocardial zones and their degree of recovery were significantly higher in recanalized patients, as compared with non-reperfused patients. Similarly, left ventricular functional recovery was higher in patients with antegrade of collateral flow to the infarct area, as compared with totally occluded patients.     

阻塞性黄疸:PTC下胆管钳夹活检的技术方法学研究

目的探索切实可行的胆管病理学检查新途径.资料与方法连续92例阻塞性黄疸患者接受经皮肝穿刺胆管造影(PTC)和经皮肝穿胆管引流(PTCD)治疗.PTCD过程中,影像监测下经皮经肝胆管穿刺,向胆管内引入活检钳对梗阻段钳夹活检,行组织病理学检查.统计学分析用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率计算法,以α=0.05作为检验水准.结果 92例钳夹活检患者90例成功获得组织块,技术成功率97.83%(90/92).钳夹活检敏感性为88.04%,63例胆管癌性恶性肿瘤钳夹活检敏感性较25例非胆管癌性恶性肿瘤高(93.65%比72.00%,P＜0.05).结论PTC下胆管钳夹活检操作简单,创伤小,敏感性高,是一种值得推广的胆管病理学诊断新途径.     

Spectroscopic imaging of the pilocarpine model of human epilepsy suggests that early NAA reduction predicts epilepsy.

Reduced hippocampal N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) is commonly observed in patients with advanced, chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). It is unclear, however, whether an NAA deficit is also present during the clinically quiescent latent period that characterizes early TLE. This question has important implications for the use of MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in the early identification of patients at risk for TLE. To determine whether NAA is diminished during the latent period, we obtained high-resolution (1)H spectroscopic imaging during the latent period of the rat pilocarpine model of human TLE. We used actively detuneable surface reception and volume transmission coils to enhance sensitivity and a semiautomated voxel shifting method to accurately position voxels within the hippocampi. During the latent period, 2 and 7 d following pilocarpine treatment, hippocampal NAA was significantly reduced by 27.5 +/- 6.9% (P < 0.001) and 17.3 +/- 6.9% (P < 0.001) at 2 and 7 d, respectively. Quantitative estimates of neuronal loss at 7 d (2.3 +/- 7.7% reduction; P = 0.58, not significant) demonstrate that the NAA deficit is not due to neuron loss and therefore likely represents metabolic impairment of hippocampal neurons during the latent phase. Therefore, spectroscopic imaging provides an early marker for metabolic dysfunction in this model of TLE.