新疆软紫草提取物抗HIV-1体外活性研究（Ⅰ）

目的: 研究新疆紫草水溶性提取物抗HIV-1体外活性.方法: 新疆软紫草干燥根,先用正己烷脱脂后,再用丙酮水溶液提取, 水溶部分分别用乙酸乙酯和正丁醇除去中强极性成分,余下的水溶液层经过MCI-GEL CHP20P、Sephadex LH-20分离,用甲醇-水洗脱,得4个提取组分(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ).将该组分分别与MT-2细胞、HIV-1 ⅢB共培养,采用MTT染色法,观察对HIV-1感染细胞的保护作用和对MT-2细胞的毒性作用.结果: 组分Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ对HIV-1感染MT-2细胞的50%有效浓度(EC50)分别5.0、10.0、2.8和6.3 μg/ml,50%抑制细胞生长浓度(TC50)为640、160、180和400 μg/ml, 治疗指数(SI)为128、16、64和63.结论: 新疆紫草水溶性提取物对HIV-1感染MT-2细胞具有保护作用,同时对正常细胞也有一定的毒性,组分Ⅲ活性最强,Ⅱ毒性最强,值得进一步研究.     

新疆紫草提取物对小鼠D-半乳糖亚急性衰老模型的作用研究

目的:研究新疆紫草[Arnebia. euchroma (Royle) Johnst, AE]提取物对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠模型的作用.方法:用D-半乳糖(D-Gal) 建立亚急性衰老小鼠模型,观察新疆紫草脂溶性提取物(AE-Ⅰ)对小鼠胸腺系数,脾脏系数,血清尿素氮(BUN)的含量和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),肝组织总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性,丙二醛(MDA)的含量,脑组织一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)和单胺氧化酶(MAO)活性的影响.结果:AE-Ⅰ能降低血清BUN 含量,提高T-AOC活性(P<0.01),升高肝组织T-SOD和GSH-Px的活性,降低MDA含量(P<0.01).但对胸腺系数、脾脏系数及脑组织中MAO、NOS活性无显著影响(P>0.05).结论:新疆紫草脂溶性提取物对D-半乳糖衰老小鼠具有延缓衰老作用.     

肺血栓栓塞症患者高敏C反应蛋白与凝血因子Ⅶ水平的改变

目的:探讨肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)患者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与血浆凝血因子Ⅶ(FⅦ)活性的关系。方法:选择103例PTE患者(PTE组)及61例健康人(正常对照组)进行hs-CRP及FⅦ活性的测定,hs-CRP、FⅦa、FⅦag采用酶联免疫吸附试验法(ELISA),FⅦc采用一期血凝法测定。结果:与正常对照组相比,PTE组患者hs-CRP[(19.25±7.65)mg/L:(29.59±11.77)mg/L,P0.01]、FⅦa[(71.27±26.83):(209.80±87.89),P0.01]、FⅦag[(75.12±19.35):(96.11±21.68),P0.05]水平均显著升高。相关分析显示,FⅦa、FⅦag与hs-CRP呈正相关(r=0.982,P0.01),FⅦc与hs-CRP无明显相关性(r=0.18,P0.05)。结论:肺血栓栓塞症患者高敏C反应蛋白水平显著升高,出现外源性凝血途径的激活,FⅦa是肺血栓栓塞发病的危险因素,可能较FⅦc或FⅦag更敏感。     

Theophylline and dexamethasone induce peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression in human eosinophils

Eosinophils are major effector cells in allergic diseases including asthma. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a nuclear receptor that regulates immune reaction. We have previously demonstrated that human eosinophils express PPARgamma and that stimulation with a synthetic agonist for PPARgamma attenuated the factor-induced eosinophil survival and chemotaxis. However, the modulator of the eosinophil PPARgamma expression has not yet been studied. In this study, we investigated the effect of theophylline and dexamethasone (widely used drugs in the treatment of asthma) on PPARgamma expression in eosinophils. Purified human peripheral blood eosinophils were cultured, and therapeutic concentrations of theophylline and dexamethasone were added. Subsequently, PPARgamma was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Theophylline and dexamethasone markedly enhanced both mRNA and protein levels of PPARgamma. These findings suggest that the increase in PPARgamma expression on eosinophils may play a role in the anti-inflammatory effects of theophylline and dexamethasone.     

某医院核心竞争力的实证分析

本文通过调查某医院及特色科室的基本情况及近几年医院及其特色科室工作绩效等相关资料,得出结论：核心竞争力是医院生存与发展的能量源泉。     

血清C-反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6水平与老年冠心病患者焦虑情绪的关系

目的:探讨血清炎性因子C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL-6)水平与老年冠心病患者伴焦虑情绪的相关性。方法:收集老年冠心病患者64例,进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分,根据评分结果将其分为冠心病不伴焦虑情绪组、冠心病伴焦虑情绪组,测定所有研究对象的血清CRP、IL-6水平。结果:64例患者中男性36例(56.25%),女性28例(43.75%),伴有焦虑情绪35例(47.45%),其中男性有15例(42.9%),女性20例(57.1%),男女冠心病患者伴焦虑情绪差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴有焦虑情绪的血清CRP、IL-6水平与不伴有焦虑情绪的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清炎症因子水平CRP、IL-6与焦虑程度呈正相关。结论:伴有焦虑情绪的老年冠心病患者血清CRP、IL-6水平升高,且与焦虑程度呈正相关。     

心肌组织／硅基质微电极芯片技术对炙甘草汤含药血清作用于心肌电生理的研究

目的：现代药理研究证实,炙甘草汤总提物、单个有效成分及其配伍能明显减少心律失常的出现。文中旨在将血清药理学方法结合电生理技术研究炙甘草汤含药血清治疗心房颤动的机制。方法将新西兰大白兔分为正常对照组、正常血清对照组、炙甘草汤含药血清组、炙甘草汤水煎液组,每组8只。建立心房颤动动兔模型后,检测右心耳组织场电位时程（ field action potential duration, fAPD）,并观察炙甘草汤含药血清和水煎液对右心耳fAPD的作用。结果成功建立快速起搏右心房诱导心房颤动兔模型,起搏12 h后fAPD比起搏前明显缩短[（174．30±1．36）ms vs （162．48±0．88）ms, P＜0．05]。给予10％、15％、20％、25％含药血清和水煎液之后,均可作用于心房颤动兔右心耳组织fAPD导致fAPD延长,量效成正相关。10％、15％、20％、25％含药血清组fAPD分别为[（170．81±0．61）、（171．00±0．46）、（179．08±0．67）、（179．76±2．26）ms]较水煎液组fAPD [（163．82±0．78）、（163．66±0．95）、（174．06±1．32）、（176．84±1．19）ms]延长明显（P＜0．05）。结论 fAPD可作为心肌电生理特性改变的指标之一,10％～25％炙甘草汤含药血清可导致心房颤动兔fAPD延长可能是抗心房颤动发生的电生理机制。     

Changes in microRNAs expression are involved in age-related atrial structural remodeling and atrial fibrillation

Background Small noncoding microRNAs regulate gene expression in cardiac development and disease and have been implicated in the aging process and in the regulation of extracellular matrix proteins.However,their role in age-related cardiac remodeling and atrial fibrillation (AF) was not well understood.The present study was designed to decipher molecular mechanisms underlying age-related atrial structural remodeling and AF.Methods Three groups of dogs were studied:adult and aged dogs in sinus rhythm and with persistent AF induced by rapid atrial pacing.The expressions of microRNAs were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Pathohistological and ultrastructural changes were tested by light and electron microscopy.Apoptosis index of myocytes was detected by TUNEL.Results Samples of atrial tissue showed the abnormal pathohistological and ultrastructural changes,the accelerated fibrosis,and apoptosis with aging and/or in AF dogs.Compared to the adult group,the expressions of microRNAs-21 and -29 were significantly increased,whereas the expressions of microRNAs-1 and-133 showed obvious downregulation tendency in the aged group.Compared to the aged group,the expressions of microRNAs-1,-21,and-29 was significantly increased in the old group in AF; contrastingly,the expressions of microRNA-133 showed obvious downregulation tendency.Conclusion These multiple aberrantly expressed microRNAs may be responsible for modulating the transition from adaptation to pathological atrial remodeling with aging and/or in AF.     

监护病房综合征的研究进展

冠心病重症监护病房(CCU)为心脏病危重患者提供了最先进的技术设备和治疗手段,但部分患者住进CCU后,由于无法适应这个陌生、与外界隔绝的环境,往往容易产生恐惧、焦虑甚至思维紊乱等一系列精神障碍现象,这种现象称为监护病房综合征.监护病房综合征不仅延迟患者的呼吸机撤机时间、延长住监护病房和住院时间、增加监护病房病死率,还影响存活患者的远期认知功能.本文从监护病房综合征的发病率、病因、机制、临床表现、防治等方面进行系统总结,以期早期认识、早期预防监护病房综合征.