Neuroprotective effects of vagus nerve stimulation on traumatic brain injury

Previous studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation can improve the prognosis of traumatic brain injury. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of the neuroprotective effects of vagus nerve stimulation in rabbits with brain explosive injury. Rabbits with brain explosive injury received continuous stimulation(10 V, 5 Hz, 5 ms, 20 minutes) of the right cervical vagus nerve. Tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-10 concentrations were detected in serum and brain tissues, and water content in brain tissues was measured. Results showed that vagus nerve stimulation could reduce the degree of brain edema, decrease tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β concentrations, and increase interleukin-10 concentration after brain explosive injury in rabbits. These data suggest that vagus nerve stimulation may exert neuroprotective effects against explosive injury via regulating the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-10 in the serum and brain tissue.     

长链非编码RNA PVT1通过激活Wnt信号通路对肝癌干细胞自我更新能力的调控

摘 要 目的：探讨长链非编码RNA PVT1通过激活Wnt信号通路对肝癌干细胞自我更新能力的调控作用。 方法: 设HEPG2肝癌干细胞组、LNCRNA PVT1 mimics组、LNCRNA PVT1 inhibitor组,培养结束后,检测各组细胞活力、单克隆形成数目、成球率、凋亡率水平、G1期、PVT1 mRNA、WNT、SWI、SNF蛋白表达水平。 结果: LNCRNA PVT1 mimics组OD值、存活率水平、克隆形成数目、成球率、G1期、PVT1 mRNA、WNT、SWI、SNF蛋白表达水平高于HEPG2肝癌干细胞组（P<0.05）,细胞凋亡率低于HEPG2肝癌干细胞组（P<0.05）;LNCRNA PVT1 inhibitor组OD值、存活率、克隆形成数目、成球率、G1期、PVT1 mRNA、WNT、SWI、SNF蛋白表达水平低于HEPG2肝癌干细胞组、LNCRNA PVT1 mimics 组（P<0.05）,细胞凋亡率高于HEPG2肝癌干细胞组、LNCRNA PVT1 mimics 组(P<0.05)。LNCRNA PVT1 mRNA 与克隆形成数目、成球率、G1期、WNT、SWI、SNF正相关关系明显,与凋亡率负相关关系明显（P<0.05）。 结论: LNCRNA PVT1通过激活SWI/SNF复合物进而激活Wnt信号传导来促进肝癌干细胞的自我更新和肿瘤增殖。     

输尿管子宫内膜异位症2例并文献复习

目的 探讨输尿管子宫内膜异位症的早期诊断与治疗方法。方法 回顾分析2010年3月至2017年8月合肥市第三人民医院收治的2例输尿管子宫内膜异位症的临床资料,并结合文献进行总结探讨。结果 2例输尿管子宫内膜异位均位于输尿管下段,左侧1例,右侧1例。临床均表现为患侧腰部不适,影像学检查提示肾积水,输尿管扩张,患肾功能受损。2例均行输尿管镜扩张后效果不佳,再行开放手术输尿管狭窄段切除+端端吻合。术后输尿管恢复通畅,病理报告输尿管子宫内膜异位症。随访分别8年、6个月,未见复发。结论 输尿管子宫内膜异位症发病隐匿,育龄期女性不明原因的输尿管狭窄应警惕此病。手术切除病灶+输尿管吻合效果确切。复杂性的子宫内膜异位症术后配合激素治疗可降低复发率。     

国产利奈唑胺治疗革兰氏阳性球菌感染重症肺炎患者疗效评价及其影响因素分析

目的 探讨国产利奈唑胺治疗革兰氏阳性球菌感染重症肺炎患者的疗效及其影响因素。方法 以安阳市人民医院2016年1月-2017年12月收治的80例革兰氏阳性球菌感染重症肺炎患者作为研究对象,并采用前瞻性研究。其中42例患者使用国产利奈唑胺进行治疗（观察组）,38例患者使用去甲万古霉素进行治疗（对照组）,观察并比较2组患者的治疗效果。同时根据治疗是否有效,将其分为有效组（n=49）与无效组（n=31）,并通过logistic回归模型分析影响患者预后的危险因素。结果 治疗后,观察组患者MDA、IL-1β和TNF-α水平明显低于对照组（P<0.05）,而该组患者SOD、LHP、TGF-β、血气分析指标、肺功能指标水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组患者治疗总有效率明显高于对照组（73.81% vs 47.37%,P<0.05）;logistic回归分析结果表明APACHE Ⅱ评分、72 h内累积液体总出入量是否为正平衡、通气方式等均为影响患者预后的独立危险因素。结论 采用国产利奈唑胺治疗革兰氏阳性球菌感染重症肺炎患者,能有效改善其肺功能,降低机体炎性反应,治疗效果显著。另外,针对72 h内累积液体总出入量是否为正平衡、通气方式等独立危险因素,应及时采取预防措施,提高患者预后。     

Efficacy of different plant extracts in the prevention of radiation dermatitis in radiotherapy patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A protocol for a Bayesian network meta-analysis

Background:Radiation dermatitis is a common complication in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) when treated with radiotherapy. Plant extracts have good effects on the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with NPC when treated with radiotherapy. However, there is insufficient comparison among the currently used plant extracts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of different plant extracts in the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with NPC by Bayesian network meta-analysis.Methods:We searched Chinese and English databases to collect all randomized controlled trials (RCT) of plant extracts for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in NPC patients who underwent radiotherapy up to October 2020. Two researchers then independently screened articles, extracted data and evaluated the quality selected literatures. All data were processed by Stata 14.0 and WinBUGS V.1.4.3.Results:We applied Bayesian statistical model for network meta-analysis, ranked the effects of various plant extracts, and adopted GRADE method to explain the results.Conclusion:Our study is expected to provide high-quality evidence-based medicine advice for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients suffering from NPC undergoing radiotherapy.Ethics and dissemination:Ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and will be shared on social media platforms. This review would be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentations.OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/6SV45.     

The Wee1 kinase inhibitor MK1775 suppresses cell growth,attenuates stemness and synergises with bortezomib in multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma stem-like cells (MMSCs) are responsible for initiation and relapse, though novel treatment paradigms that effectively eradicate MMSCs are yet to be developed. Selective inhibition of the cell cycle regulatory kinase Wee1 by MK1775 is being explored as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic. We report that higher expression of Wee1 is correlated with poor survival in multiple myeloma (MM). The MM models and patient-derived CD138⁺ plasma cells are particularly sensitive to the growth-inhibitory effects of the Wee1 inhibitor MK1775. MK1775 induces Mus81-Eme1 endonuclease-mediated DNA damage in S-phase cell cycle that results in a blockade of replication and then apoptosis. Furthermore, MK1775 strongly suppresses the features of stemness in vitro, in vivo and in primary CD138⁺ cells by decreasing ALDH1⁺ cell fraction and the expression of ALDH1. In addition, co-treatment of MK1775 with bortezomib is synergistic in vitro and in vivo. Bortezomib, although it enhances ALDH1⁺ cells, when combined with MK1775 abrogates this stimulatory effect on stemness. Considering MM as an invariably incurable malignancy due to the presence of heterogenic myeloma stem-like cells, our study presents inhibition of Wee1 as a promising targeted therapy for MM and provides a compelling rationale to further investigate the activity of MK1775 against myeloma in clinical settings.     

Occult olfactory neuroblastoma presenting with multiple bone metastases: a case report

Rationable:Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignant tumor of the nasal cavity, the primary local symptoms are usually inconspicuous. Patients are often admitted to various specialties based on different primary symptoms, which may result in delayed diagnosis and even a misdiagnosis.Patient concerns:Here we report a case of ONB that presented initially as multiple ostealgia without any local symptoms of the tumor and primarily misdiagnosed as multiple myeloma. The patient was a 47-year-old female with bone pain at multiple sites. The initial diagnosis was considered as multiple myeloma. However, the morphologic examination of bone marrow suggested that the tumor cells originated from the nervous tissues. After the positron emission computed tomography scan, the primary lesion in the nasal cavity was located, and a biopsy was performed.Diagnosis:The final diagnosis of ONB was confirmed by histopathological tests.Interventions:The patient was treated with metronomic chemotherapy.Outcomes:The symptoms of bone pain were significantly relieved 3 months later. The emission computed tomography scan of the whole body bones and the magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed that the tumor size did not change significantly and proved a progression-free of the disease.Lessons:It is a reasonable strategy to identify the original latent tumor by a prompt positron emission computed tomography scan when the primary diagnosis indicates a metastatic disease, especially for the occult malignancies like ONB.     

血管腔内治疗创伤性后交通动脉假性动脉瘤伴海绵窦瘘

【摘要】 目的 探讨创伤性后交通动脉假性动脉瘤伴海绵窦瘘的血管造影表现及血管腔内介入治疗的可行性。 方法 回顾1例创伤性后交通动脉假性动脉瘤伴海绵窦瘘患者的临床诊疗过程。结合Pubmed数据库文献,分析该病临床、病理特点及治疗策略。 结果 创伤性后交通动脉假性动脉瘤破裂危害极大,可引起蛛网膜下腔出血和海绵窦瘘,治疗难度增加。血管腔内介入栓塞治疗后交通动脉假性动脉瘤是首要和推荐方法,同时可达到海绵窦瘘微创治疗的目的。 结论 脑血管造影可完善创伤性颅内假性动脉瘤诊断,随后的血管腔内介入栓塞可为该病提供治疗机会。