58例双瓣替换术体外循环管理体会

目的：回顾５８例双瓣替换术体外循环管理状况,总结双瓣替换术中灌注技术。方法：对５８例风湿性心脏瓣膜病人施行二尖瓣、主动脉瓣替换术中体外循环手术的临床资料、心肺转汉方法和心肌保护中的难点及处理进行回顾总结分析。结果：５８例中早期死亡２例,死亡率３．４５％Ｒ。结论：只有良好的体外循环灌注技术和心肌保护,才能保证双瓣替换术病人顺利渡过围术期,降低手术死亡率。     

Fibrinogen, factor VII, antithrombin III, cholesterol and triglycerides in young men with myocardial infarction and in their sons

The concentrations of fibrinogen (Fb) and the activities of factor VII (F VIIC) and antithrombin III (AT III) both in men less than 55 years old with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) and with normolipemia (MI-NLP) or hyperlipoproteinemia (MI-HLP) and in their sons have been measured. A significantly higher levels of Fb were found in both MI groups. Significantly higher levels of F VIIC and AT III were found only in the MI-NLP group. No lipid or haemostatic disorders were noted in sons. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the level of F VIIC and triglycerides (TG) or total cholesterol (TCh) in the patients and sons was revealed. A positive correlation was found between: (a) Fb levels in MI-HLP patients and in their sons; (b) TG levels in MI-HLP patients and in their sons; and (c) AT III activity in MI patients and in their sons. Fibrinogen appears to be associated with ischemic heart disease more closely than factor VII, the latter being strongly linked with hypertriglyceridemia. Elevated activities of AT III may reflect the haemostatic response to the prothrombotic state in IHD on the one hand whereas they may contribute to the development of IHD on the other.     

Establishment of the culture technique of pulmonary vascular pericytes and its identification in rats

Summary In order to study the cellular origin of muscularization in non-muscular arterioles of the lung, the pulmonary vascular pericytes-culture was established. The terminal lung tissue of the rat was taken out and minced. Then 0.5 % of type IV collagenase solution was added for digestion and the microvascular segments were obtained by screening. The targeted cells were cultured by “selective conditioned media”. Under phase-contrast microscope, the cultured cells were large in size with ragged margin and numerous pseudopodia, which imparted tubule-like structure. There was no contact inhibition in growing cells, so multiple layers developed. When they were confluent, there were morphologically no “hillock and dale” growth pattern as in smooth muscle cells or “weave-like” pattern as in fibroblasts. The ultrastructure of cultured cells showed numerous digital processes, moderate amount of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rich Golgi’s apparatus, microfilaments, few lysosomes without myofilaments and dense bodies. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the cultured pericytes had same kind of cellular skeletal protein, α-SM-actin, like smooth muscle cells. The cultured cells also exhibited positive reaction to CD₃₄ antigen and S-100 antigen, which were negative in smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. The cell growth pattern, ultrastructure and immunological phenotype suggested that the cultured cells had characteristics of vascular pericytes. Pericytes are one of the components of microvascular cells, and the establishment ofin vitro culture technique of pericytes is of significance for further exploration of the muscularization of non-muscular arterioles in lung and the mechanism of structural remodeling of pulmonary vessels. This project was supported by the grant of National Nature Sciences Foundation of China (No. 39570289).     

海通片的毒理学研究

①目的　对海通片进行安全性评价。②方法　应用小鼠急性毒性实验及大鼠的亚急性毒性实验测定ＬＤ５０ ．③结果　小鼠的ＬＤ５０为８ ０６４．００ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 体质量,ＬＤ５０的９５％ 可信限为７ ４４１．３２～８ ７３３．９１ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 体质量,大鼠能耐受ＬＤ５０１／２０的海通片,其中毒靶器官是肝脏。④结论　海通片为低毒药物,肝功能不良者应慎用。     

A new sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus mollis

A methanolic extract of the whole plant of Elephantopus mollis was found to contain lupeol, lupeol acetate, epifriedelinol, molephantin, and 2-de-ethoxy-2-methoxyphantomolin, as well as a new sesquiterpene lactone determined to be 2-de-ethoxy-2-hydroxyphantomolin.     

DNA测序建立甘肃当归、大黄种子rRNA基因图谱的研究

目的：对甘肃地道性中药材当归、大黄种子中rRNA基因内转录间隔区进行碱基序列测定，以期建立从分子水平对中草药种子进行鉴定的一种新方法。方法：提取当归、大黄种子中核DNA，利用特异性引物对其rRNA基因内转录间隔区进行套式PCR扩增，并将扩增产物进行碱基序列测定。结果：经琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实：以上述方法可获得当归、大黄种子DNA中rRNA基因内转录间隔区PCR扩增产物；并经测序后得到了当归、大黄种子rRNA基因内转录间隔区的碱基序列，且具有明显的差异和可对比性。结论：不同植物性中药材种子rRNA基因内转录间隔区碱基序列可做为从分子水平进行鉴定的标记。     

新型β_2激动剂SPFF对豚鼠气道的扩张作用研究

目的考察SPFF对组胺和乙酰胆碱所致气管收缩的抑制作用。方法离体豚鼠气管条和豚鼠引喘试验。结果SPFF可完全抑制组胺所引起的气管收缩作用 ,但不能完全抑制乙酰胆碱所引起的气管收缩。SPFF灌胃给药时对由于组胺和乙酰胆碱混合喷雾所引起的豚鼠喘息具有显著的保护作用 ,其作用强于同剂量的沙丁胺醇。结论SPFF对豚鼠气管具有显著的扩张作用     

2-(4-氨基-3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-2-(叔丁氨基)-乙醇盐酸盐对气道平滑肌的松弛作用

目的：研究2-(4-氨基-3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-2-(叔丁氨基)-乙醇盐酸盐(SPFF)对豚鼠气道平滑肌的松弛作用。方法：以盐酸异丙肾上腺素为对照考察SPFF对离体豚鼠气管条的松弛作用，及对离体豚鼠左心房的正性变时作用，并使用离体气管条考察特异性β2受体阻滞剂ICI118551对SPFF的拮抗作用。以沙丁胺醇为对照考察SPFF下对豚鼠药物引喘的保护作用。通过放射配基竞争结合实验，测定了SPFF对肺组织β受体的特异结合。以蛋白竞争结合法考察了SPFF对肺内CAMP含量的升高作用。结果：SPFF对离体豚鼠气管条的松弛作用与异丙肾上腺素相当，且这一作用可被ICI 118551竞争性拮抗，而SPFF对离体豚鼠左心房的正性变时效应为异丙肾上腺素的60％，SPFF对β2受体的选择性是异丙肾上腺素的163倍。SPFF下对药物引起豚鼠喘息的保护作用比沙丁胺醇强约7倍，对肺内β受体的结合能力分别是异丙肾上腺素的4倍和沙丁胺醇的约200倍，而对肺组织内cAMP的升高作用约相当于同剂量沙丁胺醇的3倍。结论：SPFF是-种强效、高选择性的β2受体激动剂。     

Treatment of 30 cases of vitiligo by cupping method plus external application of Chinese herbs

在皮损区拔罐,然后外涂中药治疗白癜风患者30例,对照组予西药治疗,3个疗程后,治疗组总有效率96.7%,对照组总有效率76.7%.治疗组疗效好于对照组(P＜0.05).     

三磷酸腺苷氯化镁对肺癌细胞(A549)端粒酶活性的影响

目的:探讨三磷酸腺苷氯化镁(ATP-MgCl2)对肺腺癌细胞的影响及其作用机理.方法:采用连续细胞记数方法观测ATP-MgCl2对A549肺腺癌细胞生长的抑制情况,应用端粒重复序列扩增法(TRAP)观察ATP-MgCl2对癌细胞端粒酶活性的影响,并与ATP作对比.结果:ATP-MgCl2显著抑制癌细胞生长(P＜0.01),且使大量癌细胞死亡,而加药后前两天ATP-MgCl2的抑制、杀伤癌细胞程度较ATP明显(P＜0.05).ATP-MgCl2组和ATP组的端粒酶阳性表达率明显低于对照组(P＜0.01),而前两者间无明显差异(P＜0.05).结论:ATP-MgCl2对肺腺癌细胞有抑制、杀伤(细胞毒)作用.其抗癌作用机理与ATP相似,与抑制癌细胞端粒酶活性有关.MgCl2与ATP结合形成一种活性复合物,增强了ATP的抗癌作用,ATP-MgCl2具有较好的临床应用价值.