丙泊酚对大鼠海马脑片CA1区长时程增强的影响

目的观察不同浓度丙泊酚对离体大鼠海马脑片CA1区长时程增强(LTP)的影响。方法30张海马脑片分为五组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别应用浓度为30、10和3μmolo/L的丙泊酚,Ⅳ组用脂肪乳,Ⅴ组不用药物作为对照。利用细胞外记录方式,以海马脑片CA1区群峰电位(PS)为观察指标,首先观察丙泊酚对CA1区基础传递的影响,待基线稳定后,记录高频刺激(HFS)后海马脑片CA1区PS的变化情况。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组应用丙泊酚后PS降低,在持续给药后30min恢复至基线。实施HFS后,Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的PS较HFS前显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);而Ⅰ、Ⅱ组PS与HFS前相比差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。HFS后,Ⅰ组PS显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P<0.01),Ⅱ组PS也低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。结论丙泊酚可以抑制大鼠离体海马脑片CA1区LTP的形成。     

早期干预对高危儿在婴儿早期发育的影响

目的：探讨早期干预对高危儿在婴儿早期发育的影响。方法：采用自行设计的一套早期干预方法通过指导家长对实验组实施，分别在3个月、6个月时进行格体生长和行为发育的评估，另设对照组进行比较。结果：实验组和对照组在体重、身长、头围方面均无统计学差异，但实验组的5个能区行为发育商均值都高于对照组，除3个月的语言能区外，其余均有统计学差异。结论：早期干预在婴儿早期就能促进高危儿的行为发育，但对促进高危儿的体格生长无明显效果。     

新化合物 A-失碳-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-Δ3(5),9(10)-雌甾二烯-2-酮的合成

报道新化合物A-失碳-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-Δ^3(5),9(10)-雌甾二烯-2-酮2的合成。文中探讨了用炔钾粗品对A-失碳-Δ^3(5),9(10)-雌甾二烯-2，17-二酮１和Ａ-失碳-６β，１９-环氧-Δ³-雄甾-2，17-二酮3的选择性炔化，分别得标题化合物2（44%）及Ａ-失碳-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-６β，１９-环氧-Δ³雄甾-2-酮４（６５％），４经还原性破开环氧、去羟甲基和去醋酰氧基合成了标题化合物２。四步总收率为３４％。     

No impact of repeated endoscopic screens on gastric cancer mortality in a prospectively followed Chinese population at high risk.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in China. Our study prospectively evaluated the impact of repeated endoscopic screens on GC mortality in a high-risk population in China. METHODS: Between 1989 and 1999, a population-based gastroscopic screening was conducted in 4,394 residents of Linqu County, China, a region with the highest rates of GC worldwide. Residents ages 35 to 64 years received initial gastroscopies with biopsies in 1989. Repeated endoscopies were performed in 1994 and 1999. Cancer occurrences and deaths were actively monitored throughout the entire period until July 2000. Mortality from GC was compared with expected values based on mortality rates obtained for Linqu in the 1990-1992 Chinese Cancer Mortality Survey. RESULTS: Between March 1989 and July 2000, 39,303 person-years were accumulated; 85 new GCs occurred, 29 (34.5%) were in early stage. Fifty-eight cases (68%) were identified at one of the screens. The number of observed deaths from GC (37) was close to the expected (36.8). The standardized mortality ratio was 1.01 (95% CI 0.72-1.37) for the entire cohort, 1.13 (95% CI 0.77-1.57) for males, and 0.65 (95% CI 0.26-1.32) for females. CONCLUSIONS: Despite high population coverage with repeated screens, no reduction in GC mortality was observed in this high-risk population in China.     

A case of lung cancer with hypercalcemia which was incidentally complicated with primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma.

In lung cancer patients, hypercalcemia is a fairly common metabolic problem associated with malignancy. However, the occurrence of hypercalcemia in lung cancer patients means an ominous prognostic sign. As hypercalcemia often causes early death, quick diagnosis and treatment for hypercalcemia are required. A 69-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with anorexia caused by hypercalcemia. On admission, serum level of PTH was elevated and PTHrP was normal. From the results of CT findings and transbronchial lung biopsy, the cause of the hypercalcemia was determined as lung cancer incidentally complicated with primary hyperparathyroidism. First, serum calcium level was returned to normal through hydration with saline and bisphosphonates. Next, left hemithyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism was performed. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as parathyroid adenoma. Fifteen days later, left lower lobectomy for primary lung cancer was performed under a video-assisted thoracoscopic approach. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Four years and three months after the operation, the patient is alive and well with no sign of recurrence. When a lung cancer patient is complicated with hypercalcemia, we need to consider that primary hyperparathyroidism is a possible cause of the hypercalcemia.     

艾灸对30例健康人甲皱微循环及血液流变学的影响

目的：探讨艾灸对健康人甲皱微循环及血液流变学的影响。方法：选择健康学员及武警战士各30例，年龄20－22岁，应用江苏协达公司生产的XDM－1型微循环电脑检测仪及北京世帝科学仪器公司生产的LG－R－80血液粘度计，LG－B－190型红细胞变形／聚集测试仪。固定专人操作，分别于艾灸前及艾灸后，测试甲皱微循环及血液流变学各项指标的变化。结果：艾灸八邪及三阴交穴后，甲皱微循环各项指标均有明显变化，经统计学处理，红细胞聚集程度、血流速度、流态积分、管周积分均有显著性差异（P＜0．05），其余各项指标虽有不同程度的改变，但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；血液流变学各项指标亦有明显变化，经统计学处理，全血低切相对粘度、全血低切还原粘度、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞聚集指数及血浆纤维蛋白原都有非常显著性差异（P＜0．01），全血高切相对粘度有显著性差异（P＜0．05），其余各项指标虽有不同程度的改变，但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论：艾灸八邪及三阴交穴后可明显改善红细胞聚集程度，降低血液粘度，加快血流速度，降低外周血管阻力。     

自制32P敷贴器治疗瘢痕疙瘩

目的：观察自制32P敷贴器局部敷贴治疗不同类型瘢痕疙瘩的临床疗效。 方法：105例瘢痕疙瘩患者中，39例病变厚度≤ 0.3 cm的行单纯敷贴治疗，病变厚度> 0.3 cm的66例随机分为2组，单纯敷贴组36例，手术+敷贴组30例。单纯敷贴根据病变表面积大小及形状剪取敷贴片，根据剂量率和衰变校正计算每天敷贴时间，直接贴于病变表面，每天4.0~5.0 Gy/(部位•次)，连续4 d为一疗程，每疗程间隔4周，总治疗4~6个疗程。幼儿单次剂量控制在每天4 Gy/(部位•次)以下。手术+敷贴组患者手术切除瘢痕疙瘩，待手术伤口无渗出后根据伤口形状剪取敷贴片对准伤口敷贴，剂量及疗程同单纯敷贴组。 结果：单纯敷贴治疗对病变厚度≤0.3 cm的39例瘢痕疙瘩治愈32例(82%)，总有效率98%；对病变厚度> 0.3 cm的瘢痕疙瘩单纯敷贴和手术+敷贴两组治疗总有效率分别为56%和93% ，两组差异有显著性意义(P < 0.01)，其中病程< 9个月的患者治疗有效率分别为25%和75%，病程较长患者治疗有效率分别为13%和77%。治疗过程中有26例在敷帖过程中出现局部皮肤烧灼和刺痛感，均以炉甘石洗剂局部外用处理后缓解；5例出现Ⅰ度放射性皮炎，2例出现Ⅱ度放射性皮炎，以百多邦软膏局部外用后缓解，无出现Ⅲ度以上放射性皮炎病例。治愈患者局部皮肤均有不同程度的色素沉着或皮肤颜色改变。 结论：32P敷贴治疗瘢痕疙瘩治疗安全有效，对病程较短或病变厚度小于0.3 cm的患者可单纯敷贴治疗，病程较长或病变厚度大于0.3 cm患者建议先手术后再敷贴治疗。     

CTLA4-Ig在异体移植方面的相关研究进展

CTLA4-Ig是一种融合免疫球蛋白,可以选择性地阻断CD28与B7的信号传导通路,导致T细胞免疫失能,诱导对特异性抗原的免疫耐受. 本文介绍了其生物学特性、免疫诱导耐受机制及在异体移植方面的研究进展和局限性,其在异体移植方面展示了良好的应用前景.